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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2010-1401</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-1240</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИНГИБИТОРЫ ФНО-α И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕНА ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА ПОРАЖЕНИЯ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙСИСТЕМЫ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С РЕВМАТОИДНЫМ АРТРИТОМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors and their effects on cardiovascular risk factorsin patients with rheumatoid arthritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Lineva</surname><given-names>O G</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lineva</surname><given-names>O G</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">linevao@mail.ru &amp;lt;mailto:linevao@mail.ru&amp;gt;</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попкова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popkova</surname><given-names>T V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>D S</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Евгений Львович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E L</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Lineva</surname><given-names>O G</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lineva</surname><given-names>O G</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попкова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popkova</surname><given-names>T V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>D S</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Евгений Львович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E L</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>48</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>№1 (2010)</issue-title><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Lineva O.G., Попкова Т.В., Новикова Д.С., Насонов Е.Л., Lineva O.G., Попкова Т.В., Новикова Д.С., Насонов Е.Л., 2010</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Lineva O.G., Попкова Т.В., Новикова Д.С., Насонов Е.Л., Lineva O.G., Попкова Т.В., Новикова Д.С., Насонов Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lineva O.G., Popkova T.V., Novikova D.S., Nasonov E.L., Lineva O.G., Popkova T.V., Novikova D.S., Nasonov E.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/1240">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/1240</self-uri></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hall F.C., Dalbeth N. Disease modification and cardiovascular risk reduction: two sides of the same coin? Rheumatology 2005;44:1473-82.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goodson N.J., Wiles N.J., Lunt M. et al. Mortality in early inflammatory polyarthritis. Cardiovascular mortality is increased in seropositive patients. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:2010-19.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leuven S.I., Franssen R., Kastelein J.J. et al. Systemic inflammation as a risk factor for atherothrombosis. Rheumatology 2008;47:3-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонов Е.Л. Иммунологические маркеры атеросклероза. Тер арх 2002;5:80-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Libby P., Ridker P.M., Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 2002;105:1135-43.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонов Е.Л. Антифосфолипидный синдром. М.: Литтерра, 2004.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez A., Kremers M.H., Crowson C.S. et al. Survival trends and risk factors for mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Аdv in Rheumatol 2005;3:38-46.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Radovits B.J., Popa-Diaconu D.A., Popa C. et al. Disease activity as a risk factor for myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;8:10-15.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bartoloni B.E., Marchesi S., Delle Monache F. et al. Subclinical atherosclerosis in young patients with rheumatoid arthritis and low disease activity. Rheumatismo 2005;57(1):16-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vaudo G., Marchesi S., Gerli R. et al. Endothelial dysfunction in young patients with rheumatoid arthritis and low disease activity. Ann Rheum Dis 2004;63(1):31-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kremers M.H., Crowson C., Nicola P. et al. Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths rheumatoid arthritis. A population-based controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:402-11.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nielen M.J., van Halm V.P., Numohamed M.T. et al. Rheumatoid arthritis is preceded by a preclinical phase, characterized by increased C-reactive protein levels and a more atherogenic lipid profile. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:344-50.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goodson N.J., Symmons D.P., Scott D.I. et al. Baseline levels of C-reactive protein and prediction of death from cardiovascular disease in patients with inflammatory polyarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52(8):2293-9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Попкова Т.В., Хелковская А.Н., Мач Э.С. и др. Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания при ревматоидном артрите. Тер арх 2007;5:9-14.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Del Rincon I., Williams K., Stern M. et al. Association between carotid atherosclerosis and markers of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy subjects. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48(7):1833-40.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez-Juanatey C., Liorca J., Testa A. et al. Increased prevalence of severe subclinical atherosclerotic findings in long-term treated rheumatoid arthritis patients without clinically evident atherosclerotic disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2003;82:407-13.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nagata-Sakurai M., Inaba M., Goto H. et al. Inflammation and bone resorbtion as independent factors of accelerated arterial&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kaplan M.J. Cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2006;18(3):289-97.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peterson M.J., Symmons D.P., McCarrey D.W. et al. Cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other types of inflammatory arthritis - EULAR TASK FORCE «Cardiovascular risk management in RA». Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67(Suppl. II):310.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choi H.K., Hernan M.A., Seeger J.D. et al. Methotrexate and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study. Lancet 2002;359:1173-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ревматология: национальное руководство. Под ред. Е.Л. Насонова, В.А. Насоновой. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2008; 647-60.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Кардиология: национальное руководство. Под ред. Ю.Н. Беленкова, Р.Г. Оганова. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2007; 1232 с.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hurliman D., Forster A., Noll G. et al. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alfa treatment improves endothelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation 2002;106:2184-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez-Juanatey С., Testa A., Garcia-Castelo A. et al. Active but transient improvement of endothelial function in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing long-term treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alfa antibody. Arthritis Rheum 2004;51:447-50.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Irace C., Mancuso G., Fiaschi E. et al. Effect of anti TNF alfa therapy on arterial diametr and wall shear stress and HDL cholesterol. Atherosclerosis 2004;177:113-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vis M., Nurmohamed M.T., Wolbink G. et al. Short-term effects on the lipid profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2005;32:252-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Popa C., Radstake T., Netea M.G. et al. Influence of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alfa therapy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with actiwe rheumatoid. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64:303-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Popa C., Radstake T., Netea M.G. et al. Long-term anti TNF alfa therapy effect on lipoprotein concentrations in patients with actiwe rheumatoid arthritis (abstract). Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spanakis E., Sidiropouls P., Papadakis J. Modest but sustained increase of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients with inflamatory arthritides treated with Infliximab. J Rheumatol 2006;33:12.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kiortsis D.N., Mavridis A.K. Effects of infliximab lipoprotein profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheum Dis 2006;33:4921-3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cauza E., Cauza K., Hanusch-Ensener U. et al. Intravenosus anti TNF-alpha antibody therapy leads to elevated triglyceride and reduced HDL-cholesterol levels in patients with rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2002;114:1004-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dominguenz H., Storaard H., Rask-Madsen C. et al. Metabolic and vascular effects of tumor-alpha blockades with atanarcept in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. J Vasc Res 2005;42:517-25.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kiortsis D.N., Mavridis A.K. Effects of infliximab on insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64:765-6.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzales-Gay M.A., De Matias J.M., Gonzalez-Juanatey C. et al. Anti-tumor factor-alpha blockade improvers insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2006;24:83-6.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez-Juanatey C., Liorca J., Garcia-Porrua C. et al. Effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy on the progression of subclinical aterosclerosis in severe rheumatoid arthritis. Arhritis Rheum 2006;55:150-3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Del Porto F., Lagana B., Lai S. et al. Response to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade is associated with reduction of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 2007;46:1111-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Naranjo A., Sokka T., Descalzo M.A. et al. Cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the QUEST-RA study. Arthritis Res Ther 2008;10:R30.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dixon W.G., Watson K.D., Lunt M. Reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who respond to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:2905-12.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jacobsson L.T., Askling J., Rantapaa-Dahlgvist S. Anti-TNF therapy and risk of death up to 8 years after treatment start. Results from the Swedish biologics register (ARTIS). Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67(Suppl. II):183.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jacobsson L.T., Turesson C., Gulfe A. et al. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor blockers is associated with a lower incidence of first cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2005;32:1213-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Solomon D.H., Avorn J., Katz J.N. Immunosuppressive medications and hospitalization for cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:3790-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chung E.S., Packer M., Lo K.H. et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, pilot trial of infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alfa, in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure results of the anti-TNF Therapy Againts Congestive Heart Failure(ATTACH) trial. Circulation 2003;107:3133-40.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kwon H.J., Cote T.R., Cuffe M.S. et al. Case reports of heart failure after therapy with a tumor necrosis factor antagonist. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:807-11.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hall F.C., Dalbeth N. Disease modification and cardiovascular risk reduction: two sides of the same coin? Rheumatology 2005;44:1473-82.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goodson N.J., Wiles N.J., Lunt M. et al. Mortality in early inflammatory polyarthritis. Cardiovascular mortality is increased in seropositive patients. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:2010-19.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leuven S.I., Franssen R., Kastelein J.J. et al. Systemic inflammation as a risk factor for atherothrombosis. Rheumatology 2008;47:3-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонов Е.Л. Иммунологические маркеры атеросклероза. Тер арх 2002;5:80-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Libby P., Ridker P.M., Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 2002;105:1135-43.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонов Е.Л. Антифосфолипидный синдром. М.: Литтерра, 2004.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez A., Kremers M.H., Crowson C.S. et al. Survival trends and risk factors for mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Аdv in Rheumatol 2005;3:38-46.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Radovits B.J., Popa-Diaconu D.A., Popa C. et al. Disease activity as a risk factor for myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;8:10-15.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bartoloni B.E., Marchesi S., Delle Monache F. et al. Subclinical atherosclerosis in young patients with rheumatoid arthritis and low disease activity. Rheumatismo 2005;57(1):16-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vaudo G., Marchesi S., Gerli R. et al. Endothelial dysfunction in young patients with rheumatoid arthritis and low disease activity. Ann Rheum Dis 2004;63(1):31-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kremers M.H., Crowson C., Nicola P. et al. Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths rheumatoid arthritis. A population-based controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:402-11.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nielen M.J., van Halm V.P., Numohamed M.T. et al. Rheumatoid arthritis is preceded by a preclinical phase, characterized by increased C-reactive protein levels and a more atherogenic lipid profile. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:344-50.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goodson N.J., Symmons D.P., Scott D.I. et al. Baseline levels of C-reactive protein and prediction of death from cardiovascular disease in patients with inflammatory polyarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52(8):2293-9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Попкова Т.В., Хелковская А.Н., Мач Э.С. и др. Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания при ревматоидном артрите. Тер арх 2007;5:9-14.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Del Rincon I., Williams K., Stern M. et al. Association between carotid atherosclerosis and markers of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy subjects. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48(7):1833-40.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez-Juanatey C., Liorca J., Testa A. et al. Increased prevalence of severe subclinical atherosclerotic findings in long-term treated rheumatoid arthritis patients without clinically evident atherosclerotic disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2003;82:407-13.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nagata-Sakurai M., Inaba M., Goto H. et al. Inflammation and bone resorbtion as independent factors of accelerated arterial&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kaplan M.J. Cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2006;18(3):289-97.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peterson M.J., Symmons D.P., McCarrey D.W. et al. Cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other types of inflammatory arthritis - EULAR TASK FORCE «Cardiovascular risk management in RA». Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67(Suppl. II):310.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choi H.K., Hernan M.A., Seeger J.D. et al. Methotrexate and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study. Lancet 2002;359:1173-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ревматология: национальное руководство. Под ред. Е.Л. Насонова, В.А. Насоновой. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2008; 647-60.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Кардиология: национальное руководство. Под ред. Ю.Н. Беленкова, Р.Г. Оганова. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2007; 1232 с.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hurliman D., Forster A., Noll G. et al. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alfa treatment improves endothelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation 2002;106:2184-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez-Juanatey С., Testa A., Garcia-Castelo A. et al. Active but transient improvement of endothelial function in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing long-term treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alfa antibody. Arthritis Rheum 2004;51:447-50.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Irace C., Mancuso G., Fiaschi E. et al. Effect of anti TNF alfa therapy on arterial diametr and wall shear stress and HDL cholesterol. Atherosclerosis 2004;177:113-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vis M., Nurmohamed M.T., Wolbink G. et al. Short-term effects on the lipid profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2005;32:252-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Popa C., Radstake T., Netea M.G. et al. Influence of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alfa therapy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with actiwe rheumatoid. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64:303-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Popa C., Radstake T., Netea M.G. et al. Long-term anti TNF alfa therapy effect on lipoprotein concentrations in patients with actiwe rheumatoid arthritis (abstract). Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spanakis E., Sidiropouls P., Papadakis J. Modest but sustained increase of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patients with inflamatory arthritides treated with Infliximab. J Rheumatol 2006;33:12.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kiortsis D.N., Mavridis A.K. Effects of infliximab lipoprotein profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheum Dis 2006;33:4921-3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cauza E., Cauza K., Hanusch-Ensener U. et al. Intravenosus anti TNF-alpha antibody therapy leads to elevated triglyceride and reduced HDL-cholesterol levels in patients with rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2002;114:1004-7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dominguenz H., Storaard H., Rask-Madsen C. et al. Metabolic and vascular effects of tumor-alpha blockades with atanarcept in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. J Vasc Res 2005;42:517-25.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kiortsis D.N., Mavridis A.K. Effects of infliximab on insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64:765-6.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzales-Gay M.A., De Matias J.M., Gonzalez-Juanatey C. et al. Anti-tumor factor-alpha blockade improvers insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2006;24:83-6.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalez-Juanatey C., Liorca J., Garcia-Porrua C. et al. Effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy on the progression of subclinical aterosclerosis in severe rheumatoid arthritis. Arhritis Rheum 2006;55:150-3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Del Porto F., Lagana B., Lai S. et al. Response to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade is associated with reduction of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 2007;46:1111-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Naranjo A., Sokka T., Descalzo M.A. et al. Cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the QUEST-RA study. Arthritis Res Ther 2008;10:R30.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dixon W.G., Watson K.D., Lunt M. Reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who respond to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:2905-12.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jacobsson L.T., Askling J., Rantapaa-Dahlgvist S. Anti-TNF therapy and risk of death up to 8 years after treatment start. Results from the Swedish biologics register (ARTIS). Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67(Suppl. II):183.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jacobsson L.T., Turesson C., Gulfe A. et al. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor blockers is associated with a lower incidence of first cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2005;32:1213-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Solomon D.H., Avorn J., Katz J.N. Immunosuppressive medications and hospitalization for cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:3790-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chung E.S., Packer M., Lo K.H. et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, pilot trial of infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alfa, in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure results of the anti-TNF Therapy Againts Congestive Heart Failure(ATTACH) trial. Circulation 2003;107:3133-40.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kwon H.J., Cote T.R., Cuffe M.S. et al. Case reports of heart failure after therapy with a tumor necrosis factor antagonist. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:807-11.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
