rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.14412/1995-4484-2010-1419rsp-1258Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesГенно-инженерные биологические препараты в лечении АА-амилоидозау больных ревматоидным артритомGenetic engineering biologicals in the treatment of AA-amyloidosisin patients with rheumatoid arthritisМуравьевЮ. В.MuravyevYuri Vladimirovichsokrat@irramn.ru <mailto:sokrat@irramn.ru>201015042010482№2 (2010)6670Copyright © Муравьев Ю.В., 20102010Муравьев Ю.В.Muravyev Y.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/1258References<div><p>Gerz M.A., Kyle R.A. Secondary systemic amyloidosis response and survival in 64 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 1991;70:246-56.</p><p>Gillmore J.D., Lovat L., Persey M.R. et al. Amyloid load and clinical outcome inn AA amyloidosis in relation to circulation of serum amyloid protein. Lancet 2001;358:24-9.</p><p>Husby G., Marhaug F., Dowton B. et al. Serum amyloid A (SAA): biochemistry, genetics and the pathogenesis of AA amyloidosis. Amyloid 1994;1:119-37.</p><p>Immonen K., Finne P., Hakala M. et al. No improvement in survival of patients with amyloidosis associated with inflammatory rheumatic diseases data from Finish National registry for kidney diseases. J Rheum 2008;35:1-5.</p><p>Cunnane G., Whitchead A.S. Amyloid precursor and amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Baillieres Clin Rheum 1999;13:615-28.</p><p>Астапенко М.Г., Пихлак Э.Г. Болезни суставов. М.: Медицина, 1966;379 с.</p><p>Ревматические болезни. Руководство для врачей. Под ред. В.А. Насоновой, Н.В. Бунчука. М.: Медицина, 1997;520 с.</p><p>Демина А.Б., Раденска-Лоповок С.Г., Фоломеева О.М., Эрдес Ш.Ф. Осложнения и причины смерти больных ревматоидным артритом в г. Москве. Тез. науч.-практ. конф. «Социальные аспекты ревматических заболеваний». Науч-практич ревматол 2004;2:128.</p><p>Каневская М.З., Шехтер А.Е., Варшавский В.А., Громченко В.Б. Смертность и причины смерти у больных ревматоидным артритом, связь с терапией. Тез. науч.-практ. конф. «Социальные аспекты ревматических заболеваний». Науч.-практич ревматол 2004;2:76.</p><p>Husby G. Amyloidosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 1985;3:173-80.</p><p>Bely M., Apathy A. Lethal complications and associated diseases of rheumatoid arthritis - a retrospective clinicopathologic study of 234 autopsy patients. Orv Hetil 2006;147:1063-76.</p><p>Trefler J., Matyska-Piekarska E., Wagner T., Lacki J.K. Amyloidosis - life threatening complication in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Wiad Lek 2007;60:457-61.</p><p>Koivuniemi R., Paimela L., Suomalainen R., Leirisalo-Repo M. Amyloidosis as a cause of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 2008;26:408-13.</p><p>Koivuniemi R., Paimela L., Suomalainen R. et al. Amyloidosis is frequently undetected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Amyloid 2008;15:262-8.</p><p>Муравьев Ю.В., Раденска-Лоповок С.Г., Алексеева А.В. и др. Необычное течение АА-амилоидоза у больной ревматоидным артритом. Науч-практич ревматол 2009;2:73-5.</p><p>Falk R.H., Comenzo R.L., Skinner N., Falk R. The systemic amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 1997;337:898-909.</p><p>Муравьев Ю.В., Алексеева А.В. Частота АА-амилоидоза при ревматических заболеваниях (по материалам Института ревматологии РАМН). Науч-практич ревматол 2004;3:20-1.</p><p>Муравьев Ю.В., Алексеева А.В. Заболеваемость АА-амилоидозом: анализ результатов стационарной выборки. Тез. III Всерос. конф. «Социальные аспекты ревматических заболеваний: боль - междисциплинарная проблема». Науч-практич ревматол 2007;2:92.</p><p>Obici L., Raimondi S., Lavatelli F. et al. Susceptibility to AA amyloidosis in rheumatic diseases: a critical overview. Arthr Rheum 2009;61:1435-40.</p><p>Moriguchi M., Terai C., Koseki Y. et al. Influence of genotipes at SAA1 and SAA2 loci on the development and the length of latent period of secondary QAA-amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Hum Genet 1999;105:360-6.</p><p>Terai C., Kaneko H., Takasugi K. et al. SAA1 gene analysis in Finish patients with AA amyloidosis. In: Grateau G., Kyle R.A., Skinner M., eds. Amyloid and amyloidosis. BocaRaton (FL), CRC Press, 2005; 176-8.</p><p>Maury C.P., Aittoniemi J., Tiitinen S. et al. Variant mannose-binding lectin 2 genotype is a risk factor for reactive systemic amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. J Intern Med 2007;262:466-9.</p><p>Lavie G., Zucker-Franklin D., Franklin E.C. Degradation of serum amyloid A protein by surface-associated enzyme of human blood monocytes. J Exp Med 1978;148:1020-31.</p><p>Muller D., Roessner A., Rocken C. Distribution pattern of matrix metalloproteinases 1,2,3 and 9, tissue inhibitors ofmatrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2, and a2-macroglobulin incases of generalized AA-and AL amyloidosis. Virchows Arch 2000;437:521-7.</p><p>Stix B., Kahne T., Sletten K. et al. Proteolysis of AA amyloid fibril proteins by matrix metalloproteases-1,-2, and 3. Am J Pathol 2001;150:561-70.</p><p>Van der Hilst J.C., Yamada T., Op den Camp H.J. et al. Increased susceptibility of serum amyloid A 1.1 to degradation by MMP-1: potential explanation for hieger risk of type AA amyloidosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008;47:1651-4.</p><p>Kobayashi H., Tada S., Fuchigani T. et al. Secondary amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: diagnostic and prognostic value of gastroduodenal biopsy. Br J Rheum 1996;35:44-7.</p><p>El Mansory T.M., Hazenbergt B.P., El Badawy S.W.A. et al. Screening for amyloid in subcutaneous fat tissue of Egyptian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and laboratory characteristics. Ann Rheum Dis 2002;61:42-7.</p><p>Wakhlu A., Krisnani N., Hissaria P. et al. Prevalence of secondary amyloidosis in Asian North Indian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheum 2003;30:948-51.</p><p>Kuroda T., Tanabe N., Sakatsume M. et al. Comparison of gastroduodenal, renal and abdominal fat biopsies for diagnosing amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2002;21:123-8.</p><p>Carmona L., Gonzalez-Alvaro T., Balsa A. et al.Rheumatoid arthritis in Spain: occurrence of extra-articular manifestations and estimates of disease severity. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:897-900.</p><p>Misra R., Wakhlu A., Krishani N. et al. Prevalence of silent amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis and its clinical significance. J Rheum 2004;31:1031-4.</p><p>Nakamura T., Yamamura Y., Tomoda K. et al. Efficacy of cyclophosphomide combined with prednisolone in patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2003;22:371-5.</p><p>Chervel G., Jenvrin C., Mc-Gregor B. et al. Renal type AA amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study showing improved survival on treatment with pulse cyclophophomide. Rheumatology 2001;40:821-5.</p><p>Maezawa A., Hiromura K., Mitsuhashi H. et al. Combied treatment of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone can induce remission of nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amyloidosis, associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Nephrol 1994;42:30-2.</p><p>Komatsuda A., Mortia K., Ohtani H. et al. Remission of the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amylodosis due to rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone and methotrexate. Am J Kidney Dis 1998;32:E7.</p><p>Suzuki A., Ohosone Y., Obana M. et al. Cause of death in 81 autropsied patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheum 1994;21:33-6.</p><p>Joss N., McLaughlin K., Simpson K. et al. Presentation, survival and prognostic markers in AA amyloidosis. Q J Med 2000;93:535-42.</p><p>Tanaka F., Migita K., Honda S. et al. Clinical outcome and survival of secondary (AA) amyloidosis. Clin Exp Rheum 2003;21:343-6.</p><p>Okuda Y., Takasugi K., Oyama T. et al. Intractable diarrhoea associated with secondary amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1997;56(9):535-41.</p><p>Kuroda T., Tanabe N., Harada T. et al. Long-term mortality outcome in patients with reactive amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2006;25:498-505.</p><p>Lachman H.J., Goodman H.J., Gilbertson J.A. et al. Natural history and outcome in systemic AA amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 2007;56:2361-71.</p><p>Насонов Е.Л. Внедрение высоких медицинских технологий в ревматологии: проблемы и решения. Науч-практич ревматол 2008;2:4-5.</p><p>Elkayam O., Hawkins P.N., Lachmann H. et al. Rapid and complete resolution of proteinuria due to renal amyloidosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab. Arthr Rheum 2002;46:2571-3.</p><p>Tweezer-Zaks N., Langevitz P., Livneh A. Long-term followup needed to define role of infliximab in treatment of renal amyloidosis: comment on the case report by Elkayam et al. Arthr Rheum 2003;48:3298-9.</p><p>Ciboddo G., Idone C. Treatment of renal amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis requires further investigation: comment on the case report by Elkayam et al. Arthr Rheum 2003;48:3299.</p><p>Keersmaekers T., Claes K., Kuypers D.R. et al. Long-term efficacy of infliximab treatment for AA-amyloidosis secondary to chronic inflammatory arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:759-61.</p><p>Bilginer Y., Ayaz N.A., Ozen S. Anti-IL-1 treatment for secondary amyloidosis in an adolescent with FMF and Behcet's disease. Clin Rheum 2009;Sep 23 [Epub ahead of print].</p><p>Kuroda T., Otaki Y., Sato H. et al. A case of AA amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis effectively treated with Infliximab. Rheum Int 2008;28:1155-9.</p><p>Nakamura T., Higashi S., Tomoda K. et al. Efficacy of etanercept in patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 2007;25:518-22.</p><p>Fiehn C., Andrassy K. Case number 29: hitting three with one strike: rapid improvement of psoriatic arthritis, psoriatic erythroderma, and secondary renal amyloidosis by treatment with infliximab (Remicade). Ann Rheum Dis 2004;63:232.</p><p>Gottenberg J.E., Merle-Vincent F., Bentaberry F. et al. Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in fifteen patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to inflammatory arthritides: a followup report of tolerability and efficacy. Arthr Rheum 2003;48:2019-24.</p><p>Михельс Х. Этанерцепт в лечении АА-амилоидоза при ювенильном идиопатическом артрите (предварительные результаты). Науч-практич ревматол 2004;4:85-7.</p><p>Dember L.M. Modern treatment of amyloidosis: unresolved questions. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:469-72.</p><p>Smith G.R., Tymms K.E., Falk M. Etanercept treatment of renal amyloidosis complicating rheumatoid arthritis. Intern Med J 2004;34:570-2.</p><p>Nakamura T., Higashi S., Tomoda K. et al. Efficacy of etanercept in patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 2007;25:518-22.</p><p>Dember L.M., Hawkins P.N., Hazenberg B.P. et al. Eprodisate for the treatment of renal disease in AA amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2349-60.</p><p>Elliott M.J., Wo o P., Charles P. et al. Suppression of fever and the acute-phase response in a patient with juvenile chronic arthritis treated with monoclonal antibody to tumour necrosis factor-a (cA2). Br J Rheum 1997;36:589-93.</p><p>Bresnihan B., Alvaro-Gracia J.M. et al. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Arthr Rheum 1998;1:2196-204.</p><p>Tamura H., Hasegawa K. A review for recent advances in AA amyloid research and therapeutic approach to AA amyloidosis complicating rheumatoid arthritis. Japan J Clin Immunol 2009;32:35-42.</p><p>Mihara M., Shiina M., Nishimoto N. et al. Anti-interleukin 6 receptor antibody inhibits murine AA-amyloidosis. J Rheum 2004;31:1132-8.</p><p>Nishimoto N., Yoshizaki K., Maeda K. et al. Toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and dosefinding study of repetitive treatment with the humanized anti-interleukin 6 receptor antibody MRA in rheumatoid arthritis: phase I/II clinical study. J Rheum 2003;30:1426-35.</p><p>Nishimoto N., Yoshizaki K., Miyasaka N. et al. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody: a multicenter, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthr Rheum 2004;50:1761-9.</p><p>Okuda Y., Takasugi K. Successful use of a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab, to treat amyloid A amyloidosis complicating juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthr Rheum 2006;54:2997-3000.</p><p>Sato H., Sakai T., Sugaya T. et al. Tocilizumab dramatically ameliorated lifethreatening diarrhea due to secondary amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2009;28;1113-6.</p><p>Kuroda T., Wada Y., Kobayashi D. et al. Effective Anti-TNF-{alpha} Therapy Can Induce Rapid Resolution and Sustained Decrease of Gastroduodenal Mucosal Amyloid Deposits in Reactive Amyloidosis Associated with Rheumatoid Arthr. J Rheum 2009;Oct 1 [Epub ahead of print].</p><p>Gillmore J.D., Lovat L., Persey M.R. et al. Amyloid load and clinical outcome in AA amyloidosis in relation to circulating concentration of serum amyloid protein. Lancet 2001;358:24-9.</p><p>Nakamura T. Clinical strategies for amyloid A amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2008;18:109-18.</p></div><br /><div><p>Gerz M.A., Kyle R.A. Secondary systemic amyloidosis response and survival in 64 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 1991;70:246-56.</p><p>Gillmore J.D., Lovat L., Persey M.R. et al. Amyloid load and clinical outcome inn AA amyloidosis in relation to circulation of serum amyloid protein. Lancet 2001;358:24-9.</p><p>Husby G., Marhaug F., Dowton B. et al. Serum amyloid A (SAA): biochemistry, genetics and the pathogenesis of AA amyloidosis. Amyloid 1994;1:119-37.</p><p>Immonen K., Finne P., Hakala M. et al. No improvement in survival of patients with amyloidosis associated with inflammatory rheumatic diseases data from Finish National registry for kidney diseases. J Rheum 2008;35:1-5.</p><p>Cunnane G., Whitchead A.S. Amyloid precursor and amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Baillieres Clin Rheum 1999;13:615-28.</p><p>Астапенко М.Г., Пихлак Э.Г. Болезни суставов. М.: Медицина, 1966;379 с.</p><p>Ревматические болезни. Руководство для врачей. Под ред. В.А. Насоновой, Н.В. Бунчука. М.: Медицина, 1997;520 с.</p><p>Демина А.Б., Раденска-Лоповок С.Г., Фоломеева О.М., Эрдес Ш.Ф. Осложнения и причины смерти больных ревматоидным артритом в г. Москве. Тез. науч.-практ. конф. «Социальные аспекты ревматических заболеваний». Науч-практич ревматол 2004;2:128.</p><p>Каневская М.З., Шехтер А.Е., Варшавский В.А., Громченко В.Б. Смертность и причины смерти у больных ревматоидным артритом, связь с терапией. Тез. науч.-практ. конф. «Социальные аспекты ревматических заболеваний». Науч.-практич ревматол 2004;2:76.</p><p>Husby G. Amyloidosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 1985;3:173-80.</p><p>Bely M., Apathy A. Lethal complications and associated diseases of rheumatoid arthritis - a retrospective clinicopathologic study of 234 autopsy patients. Orv Hetil 2006;147:1063-76.</p><p>Trefler J., Matyska-Piekarska E., Wagner T., Lacki J.K. Amyloidosis - life threatening complication in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Wiad Lek 2007;60:457-61.</p><p>Koivuniemi R., Paimela L., Suomalainen R., Leirisalo-Repo M. Amyloidosis as a cause of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 2008;26:408-13.</p><p>Koivuniemi R., Paimela L., Suomalainen R. et al. Amyloidosis is frequently undetected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Amyloid 2008;15:262-8.</p><p>Муравьев Ю.В., Раденска-Лоповок С.Г., Алексеева А.В. и др. Необычное течение АА-амилоидоза у больной ревматоидным артритом. Науч-практич ревматол 2009;2:73-5.</p><p>Falk R.H., Comenzo R.L., Skinner N., Falk R. The systemic amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 1997;337:898-909.</p><p>Муравьев Ю.В., Алексеева А.В. Частота АА-амилоидоза при ревматических заболеваниях (по материалам Института ревматологии РАМН). Науч-практич ревматол 2004;3:20-1.</p><p>Муравьев Ю.В., Алексеева А.В. Заболеваемость АА-амилоидозом: анализ результатов стационарной выборки. Тез. III Всерос. конф. «Социальные аспекты ревматических заболеваний: боль - междисциплинарная проблема». Науч-практич ревматол 2007;2:92.</p><p>Obici L., Raimondi S., Lavatelli F. et al. Susceptibility to AA amyloidosis in rheumatic diseases: a critical overview. Arthr Rheum 2009;61:1435-40.</p><p>Moriguchi M., Terai C., Koseki Y. et al. Influence of genotipes at SAA1 and SAA2 loci on the development and the length of latent period of secondary QAA-amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Hum Genet 1999;105:360-6.</p><p>Terai C., Kaneko H., Takasugi K. et al. SAA1 gene analysis in Finish patients with AA amyloidosis. In: Grateau G., Kyle R.A., Skinner M., eds. Amyloid and amyloidosis. BocaRaton (FL), CRC Press, 2005; 176-8.</p><p>Maury C.P., Aittoniemi J., Tiitinen S. et al. Variant mannose-binding lectin 2 genotype is a risk factor for reactive systemic amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. J Intern Med 2007;262:466-9.</p><p>Lavie G., Zucker-Franklin D., Franklin E.C. Degradation of serum amyloid A protein by surface-associated enzyme of human blood monocytes. J Exp Med 1978;148:1020-31.</p><p>Muller D., Roessner A., Rocken C. Distribution pattern of matrix metalloproteinases 1,2,3 and 9, tissue inhibitors ofmatrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2, and a2-macroglobulin incases of generalized AA-and AL amyloidosis. Virchows Arch 2000;437:521-7.</p><p>Stix B., Kahne T., Sletten K. et al. Proteolysis of AA amyloid fibril proteins by matrix metalloproteases-1,-2, and 3. Am J Pathol 2001;150:561-70.</p><p>Van der Hilst J.C., Yamada T., Op den Camp H.J. et al. Increased susceptibility of serum amyloid A 1.1 to degradation by MMP-1: potential explanation for hieger risk of type AA amyloidosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008;47:1651-4.</p><p>Kobayashi H., Tada S., Fuchigani T. et al. Secondary amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: diagnostic and prognostic value of gastroduodenal biopsy. Br J Rheum 1996;35:44-7.</p><p>El Mansory T.M., Hazenbergt B.P., El Badawy S.W.A. et al. Screening for amyloid in subcutaneous fat tissue of Egyptian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and laboratory characteristics. Ann Rheum Dis 2002;61:42-7.</p><p>Wakhlu A., Krisnani N., Hissaria P. et al. Prevalence of secondary amyloidosis in Asian North Indian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheum 2003;30:948-51.</p><p>Kuroda T., Tanabe N., Sakatsume M. et al. Comparison of gastroduodenal, renal and abdominal fat biopsies for diagnosing amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2002;21:123-8.</p><p>Carmona L., Gonzalez-Alvaro T., Balsa A. et al.Rheumatoid arthritis in Spain: occurrence of extra-articular manifestations and estimates of disease severity. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:897-900.</p><p>Misra R., Wakhlu A., Krishani N. et al. Prevalence of silent amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis and its clinical significance. J Rheum 2004;31:1031-4.</p><p>Nakamura T., Yamamura Y., Tomoda K. et al. Efficacy of cyclophosphomide combined with prednisolone in patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2003;22:371-5.</p><p>Chervel G., Jenvrin C., Mc-Gregor B. et al. Renal type AA amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study showing improved survival on treatment with pulse cyclophophomide. Rheumatology 2001;40:821-5.</p><p>Maezawa A., Hiromura K., Mitsuhashi H. et al. Combied treatment of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone can induce remission of nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amyloidosis, associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Nephrol 1994;42:30-2.</p><p>Komatsuda A., Mortia K., Ohtani H. et al. Remission of the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amylodosis due to rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone and methotrexate. Am J Kidney Dis 1998;32:E7.</p><p>Suzuki A., Ohosone Y., Obana M. et al. Cause of death in 81 autropsied patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheum 1994;21:33-6.</p><p>Joss N., McLaughlin K., Simpson K. et al. Presentation, survival and prognostic markers in AA amyloidosis. Q J Med 2000;93:535-42.</p><p>Tanaka F., Migita K., Honda S. et al. Clinical outcome and survival of secondary (AA) amyloidosis. Clin Exp Rheum 2003;21:343-6.</p><p>Okuda Y., Takasugi K., Oyama T. et al. Intractable diarrhoea associated with secondary amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1997;56(9):535-41.</p><p>Kuroda T., Tanabe N., Harada T. et al. Long-term mortality outcome in patients with reactive amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheum 2006;25:498-505.</p><p>Lachman H.J., Goodman H.J., Gilbertson J.A. et al. Natural history and outcome in systemic AA amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 2007;56:2361-71.</p><p>Насонов Е.Л. Внедрение высоких медицинских технологий в ревматологии: проблемы и решения. Науч-практич ревматол 2008;2:4-5.</p><p>Elkayam O., Hawkins P.N., Lachmann H. et al. Rapid and complete resolution of proteinuria due to renal amyloidosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab. Arthr Rheum 2002;46:2571-3.</p><p>Tweezer-Zaks N., Langevitz P., Livneh A. Long-term followup needed to define role of infliximab in treatment of renal amyloidosis: comment on the case report by Elkayam et al. Arthr Rheum 2003;48:3298-9.</p><p>Ciboddo G., Idone C. Treatment of renal amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis requires further investigation: comment on the case report by Elkayam et al. Arthr Rheum 2003;48:3299.</p><p>Keersmaekers T., Claes K., Kuypers D.R. et al. Long-term efficacy of infliximab treatment for AA-amyloidosis secondary to chronic inflammatory arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:759-61.</p><p>Bilginer Y., Ayaz N.A., Ozen S. Anti-IL-1 treatment for secondary amyloidosis in an adolescent with FMF and Behcet's disease. Clin Rheum 2009;Sep 23 [Epub ahead of print].</p><p>Kuroda T., Otaki Y., Sato H. et al. A case of AA amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis effectively treated with Infliximab. Rheum Int 2008;28:1155-9.</p><p>Nakamura T., Higashi S., Tomoda K. et al. Efficacy of etanercept in patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 2007;25:518-22.</p><p>Fiehn C., Andrassy K. Case number 29: hitting three with one strike: rapid improvement of psoriatic arthritis, psoriatic erythroderma, and secondary renal amyloidosis by treatment with infliximab (Remicade). Ann Rheum Dis 2004;63:232.</p><p>Gottenberg J.E., Merle-Vincent F., Bentaberry F. et al. Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in fifteen patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to inflammatory arthritides: a followup report of tolerability and efficacy. Arthr Rheum 2003;48:2019-24.</p><p>Михельс Х. Этанерцепт в лечении АА-амилоидоза при ювенильном идиопатическом артрите (предварительные результаты). Науч-практич ревматол 2004;4:85-7.</p><p>Dember L.M. Modern treatment of amyloidosis: unresolved questions. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:469-72.</p><p>Smith G.R., Tymms K.E., Falk M. Etanercept treatment of renal amyloidosis complicating rheumatoid arthritis. Intern Med J 2004;34:570-2.</p><p>Nakamura T., Higashi S., Tomoda K. et al. Efficacy of etanercept in patients with AA amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheum 2007;25:518-22.</p><p>Dember L.M., Hawkins P.N., Hazenberg B.P. et al. Eprodisate for the treatment of renal disease in AA amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2349-60.</p><p>Elliott M.J., Wo o P., Charles P. et al. Suppression of fever and the acute-phase response in a patient with juvenile chronic arthritis treated with monoclonal antibody to tumour necrosis factor-a (cA2). Br J Rheum 1997;36:589-93.</p><p>Bresnihan B., Alvaro-Gracia J.M. et al. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Arthr Rheum 1998;1:2196-204.</p><p>Tamura H., Hasegawa K. A review for recent advances in AA amyloid research and therapeutic approach to AA amyloidosis complicating rheumatoid arthritis. Japan J Clin Immunol 2009;32:35-42.</p><p>Mihara M., Shiina M., Nishimoto N. et al. Anti-interleukin 6 receptor antibody inhibits murine AA-amyloidosis. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.