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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2015-342-345</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2100</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF RHEUMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анкилозирующий спондилит в Волжской Булгарии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS IN THE VOLGA BULGARIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулганиева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulganieva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">diana_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спиридонов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spiridonov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситдиков</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitdikov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолобов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholobov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газимзянов</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazimzyanov</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эрдес</surname><given-names>Ш. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erdes</surname><given-names>Sh. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Протопопов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Protopopov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьева</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasyeva</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарифуллина</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garifullina</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Казань, Россия 420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Russia 49, Butlerov St., Kazan 420012<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Казань, Россия 420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49&#13;
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ГАУЗ «Республиканское бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы» Минздрава Республики Татарстан. Казань, Россия 2420029 Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 1а<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Russia 49, Butlerov St., Kazan 420012&#13;
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Republican Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia 31a, Sibirsky Road, Kazan 420029<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканское бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы» Минздрава Республики Татарстан. Казань, Россия 2420029 Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 1а<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Republican Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia 31a, Sibirsky Road, Kazan 420029<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт археологии им. А.Х. Халикова Академии наук Республики Татарстан, Казань, Россия 3420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 30<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">A.Kh. Khalikov Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia 30, Butlerov St., Kazan&#13;
420012<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой, Москва, Россия 115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia 34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>53</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>342</fpage><lpage>345</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абдулганиева Д.И., Спиридонов В.А., Ситдиков А.Г., Жолобов А.И., Газимзянов И.Р., Баранов В.С., Эрдес Ш.Ф., Протопопов М.С., Афанасьева Т.Ю., Гарифуллина А.Г., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдулганиева Д.И., Спиридонов В.А., Ситдиков А.Г., Жолобов А.И., Газимзянов И.Р., Баранов В.С., Эрдес Ш.Ф., Протопопов М.С., Афанасьева Т.Ю., Гарифуллина А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdulganieva D.I., Spiridonov V.A., Sitdikov A.G., Zholobov A.I., Gazimzyanov I.R., Baranov V.S., Erdes S.F., Protopopov M.S., Afanasyeva T.Y., Garifullina A.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2100">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2100</self-uri><abstract><p>Имеется множество свидетельств того, что анкилозирующий спондилит (АС) – болезнь, которая значительно старше и ранних человеческих цивилизаций, и человека вообще. Описана пока наиболее ранняя на территории России (ХIV в.) археологическая находка останков жителя Волжской Булгарии (Болгарии), страдавшего при жизни АС. В Республике Татарстан, на территории возникшего в начале Х в. Болгарского городища, археологами было обнаружено необычное захоронение – покойный находился в сидячем положении, спиной к западной стенке могильной ямы, с бронзовым крестом под пальцами. Согласно историческим источникам, так хоронили христианских иерархов – как пастырей, сидящих на престоле в ожидании Страшного суда, чтобы во время него вершить судьбы человеческих душ. Антропологический анализ показал, что кости принадлежали мужчине 35–45 лет ростом 158–163 см. При осмотре останков обращали на себя внимание следующие особенности строения позвоночника: анкилозирование нижнешейного и верхнегрудного позвонков (СV–ThI), а также нижнегрудного и поясничного отделов позвоночника (ThIV–LII), преимущественно за счет окостенения передней продольной связки. Также на этих же уровнях были анкилозированы фасеточные суставы позвоночника, поперечно-реберные суставы. Шея человека была зафиксирована в положении наклона вперед, голова опущена вниз, подбородок касался грудины – так называемая «поза просителя». В целом изменения в позвоночнике были характерны для поздней (III рентгенологической) стадии спондилита. Для демонстрации приводятся фотографии и рентгенограммы позвоночника и таза. На основании данных исследований, проведенных учеными-историками, а также судебно-медицинскими экспертами, было предположено, что найденные останки принадлежат, вероятнее всего, упоминавшемуся в Никоновской летописи от 1323 г. христианину Феодору по прозвищу Иерусалимлянин, известному впоследствии как Святой Феодор Философ Камский (Болгарский).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There is much evidence that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a disease that is also much older than early human civilizations and man as a whole. Until now, the Russia's earliest (14th c ntury) archaeological finding of such a patient remains a Volga Bulgaria inhabitant suffering with AS during his life. In the Republic of Tatarstan, at the site of an ancient Bulgar settlement appearing in the early ninth century, archaeologists have discovered an unusual grave: the deceased sitting with his back against the western wall of a tomb pitand having a bronze crosslet under his fingers. According to a historical source, it was the way of burying Christian hierarchs as pastors sitting on the altar and anticipating the great assize during which the destinies of human souls should be ruled. Anthropological analysis showed that the bones belonged to a 35–45-year-old man who was 158–163 cm tall. During the examination of the remains,attention was called to the following features of the spinal structure: ankylosis of the inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae (СV–ThI) and inferior thoracic and lumbar spine (ThIV–LII) predominantly due to ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament. Facet vertebral joints and costotransverse joints were also ankylosed at the same levels. The man's neck was fixed in a bent-over position with the head down, the chin touching the breast bone – the socalled soliciting posture. By and large, the vertebral changes are characteristic of late (X-ray stage III) spondylitis. Spinal and pelvic photos and X-films are given for demonstration. The studies conducted by historical scientists and forensic medical experts suggest that the found remains are most likely to belong to Christian Theodore nicknamed Jerusaleman, also further known as Holy Theodore philosopher Kamsky (Bulgarian), who was mentioned in the Nikon chronicle in 1323.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анкилозирующий спондилит</kwd><kwd>антропологический анализ</kwd><kwd>археологическая находка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ankylosing spondylitis</kwd><kwd>anthropological analysis</kwd><kwd>archaeological finding</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бехтерев ВМ. Одеревенелость позвоночника с искривлением его как особая форма заболевания. Врач (Санкт-Петербург). 1892;13:899–903 [Bekhterev VM. Stiffened his spine curvature as a special form of the disease. 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