<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2016-38-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2167</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль матриксной металлопротеиназы 3 в прогнозировании эффективности терапии раннего ревматоидного артрита (исследование РЕМАРКА)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ROLE OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 3 IN PREDICTING THE EFFICIENCY OF THERAPY FOR EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: THE REMARCA TRIAL</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9056249400@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каратеев</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karateev</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лучихина</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luchikhina</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкасова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkasova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522;</p><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой;&#13;
ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of&#13;
Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>54</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авдеева А.С., Александрова Е.Н., Каратеев Д.Е., Лучихина Е.Л., Черкасова М.В., Насонов Е.Л., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авдеева А.С., Александрова Е.Н., Каратеев Д.Е., Лучихина Е.Л., Черкасова М.В., Насонов Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avdeeva A.S., Aleksandrova E.N., Karateev D.E., Luchikhina E.L., Cherkasova M.V., Nasonov E.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2167">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2167</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – изучить влияние лечения подкожной формой метотрексата (МТ) и комбинированной терапии МТ с генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами (ГИБП) на уровень матриксной металлопротеиназы 3 (ММП3) в сыворотке крови. Оценить информативность определения уровня ММП3 для прогнозирования клинической эффективности терапии раннего ревматоидного артрита (РА).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовано 45 больных ранним РА. Всем пациентам в качестве первого базисного противовоспалительного препарата (БПВП) был назначен МТ подкожно в дозе 10 мг/нед с быстрой эскалацией до 20–25 мг/нед; при недостаточной эффективности МТ к терапии добавляли ГИБП (82% пациентов полу- чали адалимумаб, 13% – абатацепт и 5% – другие ГИБП), длительность наблюдения составила 1 год. Уровень ММП3 в сыворотке крови измеряли методом иммуноферментного анализа в нанограммах на 1 мл до начала терапии, затем через 12 и 24 нед лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Через 52 нед монотерапию подкожной формой МТ продолжали получать 16 пациентов; 29 больным к терапии в различные сроки наблюдения были добавлены ГИБП. Исходный уровень ММП3 в группе пациентов с ранним РА был достоверно выше по сравнению со здоровыми донорами: 46,7 [15,5; 64,5] и 7,74 [5,5; 11,8], p&lt;0,05. По группе в целом уровень ММП3 достоверно снижался после 12-й и 24-й недель терапии, когда он составлял 23,7 [1,5; 44,5] и 3,25 [0,025; 29,0] соответственно. В группе больных с хорошим эффектом МТ к 52-й неделе терапии (n=16) исходно регистрировались более низкая воспалительная активность (DAS28 – 4,4 [4,4; 5,7], SDAI – 24,1 [16,9; 35,7], CDAI – 20,7 [15,8; 30,0]) и уровень ММП3 (10,6 [0,03; 38,1]) по сравнению с пациентами, получавшими комбинированную терапию (n=29): 6,05 [5,3; 6,7], 40,7 [26,7; 48,2], 35,8 [23,5; 42,8] и 58,8 [27,0; 106,3] соответственно (достоверность различий между группами р&lt;0,05). По данным ROC-анализа было установлено, что исходный уровень ММП3 &gt;54,6 нг/мл, а также сохраняющийся повышенный уровень данного показателя через 12 нед после назначения МТ (&gt;25,1 нг/мл) ассоциируются с отсутствием эффекта монотерапии МТ через 52 нед и необходимостью назначения комбинированной терапии [площадь под кривой (ППК) 0,78; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,63–0,93 и ППК 0,96; 95% ДИ 0,54–0,86 соответственно].</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Высокий базальный уровень ММП3 (&gt;54,6 нг/мл), а также сохраняющийся повышенный уровень данного показателя через 12 нед после начала терапии подкожной формой МТ (&gt;25,1 нг/мл) можно рассматривать в качестве вероятного предиктора неэффективности монотерапии МТ и необходимости назначения комбинированной терапии с использованием ГИБП.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to investigate the impact of treatment with subcutaneous methotrexate (MTX) and combined therapy with MTX and biological agents (BA) on the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3); to estimate the informative value of determination of MMP3 levels for predicting the clinical efficiency of therapy for early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. A total of 45 patients with early RA were examined. In all the patients, MTX as the first disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug was subcutaneously injected at a dose of 10 mg/week with its rapid escalation up to 20–25 mg/week. When the efficacy of MTX was inadequate, a BA was added [82% of the patients received adalimumab, 13% – abatacept, and 5% – other BA]; the follow-up duration was 1 year. Serum MMP3 levels were measured using an enzyme immunoassay before, 12 and 24 weeks after initiation of therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. After week 52 16 patients continued to receive monotherapy with subcutaneous MTX; BA were added to therapy in 29 patients in different follow-up periods. In the patients with early RA, the baseline MMP3 level was significantly higher than that in healthy donors: 46.7 [15.5; 64.5] and 7.74 [5.5; 11.8] respectively (p &lt; 0.05). In the entire group, the level of MMP3 significantly declined after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy when it was 23.7 [1.5; 44.5] and 3.25 [0.025; 29.0], respectively. 16 patients who responded well to MTX after 52 weeks of therapy showed lower baseline inflammatory activity: (DAS28, 4.4 [4.4; 5.7], SDAI, 24.1 [16.9; 35.7], and CDAI, 20.7 [15.8; 30.0]) and MMP3 levels (10.6 [0.03; 38.1]) than those in 29 patients receiving the combined therapy: 6.05 [5.3; 6.7], 40.7 [26.7; 48.2], 35.8 [23.5; 42.8], and 58.8 [27.0; 106.3], respectively (p &lt; 0.05). ROC analysis established that the baseline MMP3 level of &gt; 54.6 ng/ml and the persistent higher level of this parameter 12 weeks after the initiation of treatment with MTX (&gt; 25.1 ng/ml) were associated with lack of efficiency of MTX monotherapy after 52 weeks and with the necessity of using combined therapy [area under the curve (AUC), 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63–0.93 and AUC, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.54–0.86, respectively].</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The high baseline MMP3 level (&gt; 54.6 ng/ml) and the persistent increased level of this parameter 12 weeks after initiation of therapy with subcutaneous MTX (&gt; 25.1 ng/ml) may be regarded as a likely predictor for the inefficiency of MTX monotherapy and for the necessity of using BA.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>матриксная металлопротеиназа 3</kwd><kwd>метотрексат</kwd><kwd>генно-инженерные биологические препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>matrix metalloproteinase 3</kwd><kwd>methotrexate</kwd><kwd>biological agents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Каратеев ДЕ, Балабанова РМ. Ревматоидный артрит. В кн.: Насонов ЕЛ, Насонова ВА, редакторы. Ревматология: Национальное руководство. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2008. С. 290-331 [Nasonov EL, Karateev DE, Balabanova RM. Rheumatoid arthritis. In.: Nasonov EL, Nasonova VA, editors. Revmatologiya: Natsional'noe rukovodstvo [Rheumatology: National guidelines]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2008. P. 290-331].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Насонов ЕЛ, Каратеев ДЕ, Балабанова РМ. Ревматоидный артрит. В кн.: Насонов ЕЛ, Насонова ВА, редакторы. Ревматология: Национальное руководство. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2008. С. 290-331 [Nasonov EL, Karateev DE, Balabanova RM. Rheumatoid arthritis. In.: Nasonov EL, Nasonova VA, editors. Revmatologiya: Natsional'noe rukovodstvo [Rheumatology: National guidelines]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2008. P. 290-331].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, редактор. Ревматология. Клинические рекомендации. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2010 [Nasonov EL, editor. Revmatologiya. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii [Rheumatology. Clinical Recommendations]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2010].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Насонов ЕЛ, редактор. Ревматология. Клинические рекомендации. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2010 [Nasonov EL, editor. Revmatologiya. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii [Rheumatology. Clinical Recommendations]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2010].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smolen JS, Landewe R, Breedveld FC, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:964-75. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.126532</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smolen JS, Landewe R, Breedveld FC, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:964-75. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.126532</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rantalaiho V, Korpela M, Laasonen L, et al; FIN-RACo Trial Group. Early combination disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy and tight disease control improve long-term radiologic outcome in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: the 11-year results of the Finnish Rheumatoid Arthritis Combination Therapy trial. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12:R122. doi: 10.1186/ar3060</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rantalaiho V, Korpela M, Laasonen L, et al; FIN-RACo Trial Group. Early combination disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy and tight disease control improve long-term radiologic outcome in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: the 11-year results of the Finnish Rheumatoid Arthritis Combination Therapy trial. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12:R122. doi: 10.1186/ar3060</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Landewe RB, Boers M, Verhoeven AC, et al.COBRA combination therapy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: long-term structural benefits of a brief intervention. Arthritis pheum. 2002;46:347-56. doi: 10.1002/art.10083</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Landewe RB, Boers M, Verhoeven AC, et al.COBRA combination therapy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: long-term structural benefits of a brief intervention. Arthritis pheum. 2002;46:347-56. doi: 10.1002/art.10083</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Jong PH, Hazes JM, Barenndregt PJ, et al. Induction therapy with a combination of DMARDs is better than methotrexate monotherapy: first results of the tREACH trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:72-8. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201162</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Jong PH, Hazes JM, Barenndregt PJ, et al. Induction therapy with a combination of DMARDs is better than methotrexate monotherapy: first results of the tREACH trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:72-8. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201162</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Jong PHPD, Hazes JM, Luime JJ, et al. Randomized comparison of triple DMARD therapy with methotrexate mono-therapy. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(Suppl 3):113. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.382</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Jong PHPD, Hazes JM, Luime JJ, et al. Randomized comparison of triple DMARD therapy with methotrexate mono-therapy. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(Suppl 3):113. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.382</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Villeneuve E, Nam JL, Hensor E, et al. Preliminary results of a multicenter randomosed controlled trial of etanercept and methotrexate to induce remission in patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:S96-S961.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Villeneuve E, Nam JL, Hensor E, et al. Preliminary results of a multicenter randomosed controlled trial of etanercept and methotrexate to induce remission in patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:S96-S961.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vermeer M, Kuper HH, Hoekstra M, et al. Implementation of a Threat-to-Target Strategy in very Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Results of the Dutch Rheumatoid Arthritis Monitoring Remission Induction Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:2865-72. doi: 10.1002/art.30494</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vermeer M, Kuper HH, Hoekstra M, et al. Implementation of a Threat-to-Target Strategy in very Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Results of the Dutch Rheumatoid Arthritis Monitoring Remission Induction Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:2865-72. doi: 10.1002/art.30494</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosello S, Fedele AL, Peluso G, et al. Very early rheumatoid arthritis is the major predictor of major outcome: clinical ACR remission and radiographic non-progression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1292-5. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.142729</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bosello S, Fedele AL, Peluso G, et al. Very early rheumatoid arthritis is the major predictor of major outcome: clinical ACR remission and radiographic non-progression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1292-5. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.142729</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">St Clair EW, van der Heijde DM, Smolen JS, et al. Combination of infliximab and methotrexate therapy for early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:3432-43. doi: 10.1002/art.20568</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">St Clair EW, van der Heijde DM, Smolen JS, et al. Combination of infliximab and methotrexate therapy for early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:3432-43. doi: 10.1002/art.20568</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Breedveld FC, Weisman MH, Kavanaugh AF, et al. The PREMIER study – a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of combination therapy with adalimumab plus methotrexate versus methotrexate alone or adalimumab alone in patients with early, aggressive rheumatoid arthritis who had not had previous methotrexate treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:26-37. doi: 10.1002/art.21519</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breedveld FC, Weisman MH, Kavanaugh AF, et al. The PREMIER study – a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of combination therapy with adalimumab plus methotrexate versus methotrexate alone or adalimumab alone in patients with early, aggressive rheumatoid arthritis who had not had previous methotrexate treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:26-37. doi: 10.1002/art.21519</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Nies JA, Gaujoux-Viala C, Tsonaka R, et al. When does the therapeutic window of opportunity in rheumatoid arthritis close? A study in two early RA cohorts. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(Suppl 2):73. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5266</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Nies JA, Gaujoux-Viala C, Tsonaka R, et al. When does the therapeutic window of opportunity in rheumatoid arthritis close? A study in two early RA cohorts. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(Suppl 2):73. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5266</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burrage P, Mix K, Brinckerhoff C. Matrix metalloproteinases: role in arthritis. Front Biosci. 2006;11:529-43. doi: 10.2741/1817</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burrage P, Mix K, Brinckerhoff C. Matrix metalloproteinases: role in arthritis. Front Biosci. 2006;11:529-43. doi: 10.2741/1817</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murphy G, Knauper V, Atkinson S, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases in arthritic disease. Arthritis Res. 2002;4(Suppl 3):39-49. doi: 10.1186/ar572</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murphy G, Knauper V, Atkinson S, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases in arthritic disease. Arthritis Res. 2002;4(Suppl 3):39-49. doi: 10.1186/ar572</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flannery C. MMPs and ADAMTSs: functional studies. Front Biosci. 2006;11:544-69. doi: 10.2741/1818</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flannery C. MMPs and ADAMTSs: functional studies. Front Biosci. 2006;11:544-69. doi: 10.2741/1818</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ribbens C, Andre B, Kaye O, et al. Synovial fluid matrix metalloproteinase 3 levels are increased in inflammatory arthritis whether erosive or not. Rheumatology. 2000;39:1357-65. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.12.1357</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ribbens C, Andre B, Kaye O, et al. Synovial fluid matrix metalloproteinase 3 levels are increased in inflammatory arthritis whether erosive or not. Rheumatology. 2000;39:1357-65. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.12.1357</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Posthumus MD, Limburg PC, Westra J, et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase 3 in early rheumatoid arthritis is correlated with disease activity and radiological progression. J Rheumatol. 2000;12(27):2761-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Posthumus MD, Limburg PC, Westra J, et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase 3 in early rheumatoid arthritis is correlated with disease activity and radiological progression. J Rheumatol. 2000;12(27):2761-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green M, Gough A, Devlin J, et al. Serum MMP-3 and MMP-1 and progression of joint damage in early rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology. 2003;42:83-8. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Green M, Gough A, Devlin J, et al. Serum MMP-3 and MMP-1 and progression of joint damage in early rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology. 2003;42:83-8. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">So A, Chamot AM, Peclat V, Gerster JC. Serum MMP-3 in rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with systemic inflammation but not with erosive status. Rheumatology. 1999;38:407-10. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/38.5.407</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">So A, Chamot AM, Peclat V, Gerster JC. Serum MMP-3 in rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with systemic inflammation but not with erosive status. Rheumatology. 1999;38:407-10. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/38.5.407</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ally M, Hodkinson B, Meyer P, et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 in comparison with acute phase proteins as a marker of disease activity and radiographic damage in early rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm. 2013; pub online 2013 April 7. doi: 10.1155/2013/183653</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ally M, Hodkinson B, Meyer P, et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 in comparison with acute phase proteins as a marker of disease activity and radiographic damage in early rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm. 2013; pub online 2013 April 7. doi: 10.1155/2013/183653</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kobayashi A, Naito S, Enomoto H, et al. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (stromelysin 1) for monitoring synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007;131:563-70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobayashi A, Naito S, Enomoto H, et al. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (stromelysin 1) for monitoring synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007;131:563-70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Syversen S, Haavardsholm E, Boyesen P, et al. Biomarkers in early rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal associations with inflammation and joint destruction measured by magnetic resonance imaging and conventional radiographs. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:845-50. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.122325</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Syversen S, Haavardsholm E, Boyesen P, et al. Biomarkers in early rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal associations with inflammation and joint destruction measured by magnetic resonance imaging and conventional radiographs. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:845-50. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.122325</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Posthumus M, Limburg P, Westra J, et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase 3 levels during treatment with sulfasalazine or combination of methotrexate and sulfasalazine in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2002;29:883-89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Posthumus M, Limburg P, Westra J, et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase 3 levels during treatment with sulfasalazine or combination of methotrexate and sulfasalazine in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2002;29:883-89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garnero P, Thompson E, Woodworth T, Smolen J. Rapid and sustained improvement in bone and cartilage turnover markers with the anti-interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor tocilizumab plus methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:33-43. doi: 10.1002/art.25053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garnero P, Thompson E, Woodworth T, Smolen J. Rapid and sustained improvement in bone and cartilage turnover markers with the anti-interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor tocilizumab plus methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:33-43. doi: 10.1002/art.25053</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yokoe I, Nishio S, Sato H, Kobayashi H. Comparison of MMP-3 levels in rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with tocilizumab or infliximab for 12 weeks. Mod Rheumatol. 2011;21:710-4. doi: 10.3109/s10165-011-0474-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yokoe I, Nishio S, Sato H, Kobayashi H. Comparison of MMP-3 levels in rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with tocilizumab or infliximab for 12 weeks. Mod Rheumatol. 2011;21:710-4. doi: 10.3109/s10165-011-0474-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Visvanathan S, Wagner C, Marini J, et al. The effect of infliximab plus methotrexate on the modulation of inflammatory disease markers in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: analyses from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ped Rheumatol. 2010;8:24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Visvanathan S, Wagner C, Marini J, et al. The effect of infliximab plus methotrexate on the modulation of inflammatory disease markers in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: analyses from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ped Rheumatol. 2010;8:24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doyle M, Rahman M, Frederick B, et al. Effects of subcutaneous and intravenous golimumab on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results of a phase 1, randomized, open-label trial. Rheumatology. 2013;52:1214-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes381</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doyle M, Rahman M, Frederick B, et al. Effects of subcutaneous and intravenous golimumab on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results of a phase 1, randomized, open-label trial. Rheumatology. 2013;52:1214-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes381</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каратеев ДЕ, Лучихина ЕЛ, Муравьев ЮВ и др. Первое российское стратегическое исследование фармакотерапии ревматоидного артрита (РЕМАРКА). Научно-практическая ревматология. 2013;51(2):117-25 [Karateev DE, Luchikhina EL, Muravyev YV, et al. The first Russian strategic study of pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis (REMARCA). Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2013;51(2):117-25. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2013-637</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Каратеев ДЕ, Лучихина ЕЛ, Муравьев ЮВ и др. Первое российское стратегическое исследование фармакотерапии ревматоидного артрита (РЕМАРКА). Научно-практическая ревматология. 2013;51(2):117-25 [Karateev DE, Luchikhina EL, Muravyev YV, et al. The first Russian strategic study of pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis (REMARCA). Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2013;51(2):117-25. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2013-637</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fransen J, Stucki G, van Reil PLCM. Rheumatoid arthritis measures. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;49:214-24. doi: 10.1002/art.11407</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fransen J, Stucki G, van Reil PLCM. Rheumatoid arthritis measures. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;49:214-24. doi: 10.1002/art.11407</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aletaha D, Nell V, Stamm T, et al. Acute phase reactants add little to composite disease activity indices for rheumatoid arthritis: validation of a clinical activity score. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005;7:R796-806.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aletaha D, Nell V, Stamm T, et al. Acute phase reactants add little to composite disease activity indices for rheumatoid arthritis: validation of a clinical activity score. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005;7:R796-806.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarner IH, Werner F, Schimmelpfennig C, et al. In vivo fluorescence-imaging of matrix metalloproteinase activity and response to therapy in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(Suppl 3):484. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2987</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarner IH, Werner F, Schimmelpfennig C, et al. In vivo fluorescence-imaging of matrix metalloproteinase activity and response to therapy in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(Suppl 3):484. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2987</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Urata Y, Uesato R, Tanaka D, et al. Treating to target matrix metalloproteinase 3 normalisation together with disease activity score below 2.6 yields better effects than each alone in rheumatoid arthritis patients: T-4 Study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:534-40. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200108</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Urata Y, Uesato R, Tanaka D, et al. Treating to target matrix metalloproteinase 3 normalisation together with disease activity score below 2.6 yields better effects than each alone in rheumatoid arthritis patients: T-4 Study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:534-40. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200108</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Visvanathan S, Marini J, Smolen J, et al. Changes in biomarkers of inflammation and bone turnover and associations with clinical efficacy following infliximab plus methotrexate therapy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2007;34:1465-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Visvanathan S, Marini J, Smolen J, et al. Changes in biomarkers of inflammation and bone turnover and associations with clinical efficacy following infliximab plus methotrexate therapy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2007;34:1465-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaneko A, Kida D, Saito K, et al. Clinical results for tocilizumab over one year in the clinical setting as assessed by CDAI (clinical disease activity index): CRP at week 12 and MMP-3 at week 24 are predictive factors for CDAI. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(11):3631-7. doi: 10.1007/s00296-011-2256-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaneko A, Kida D, Saito K, et al. Clinical results for tocilizumab over one year in the clinical setting as assessed by CDAI (clinical disease activity index): CRP at week 12 and MMP-3 at week 24 are predictive factors for CDAI. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(11):3631-7. doi: 10.1007/s00296-011-2256-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
