rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.14412/1995-4484-2016-78-85rsp-2172Research ArticleФОРУМ МОЛОДЫХ УЧЕНЫХYOUNG SCIENTISTS FORUMРоль Toll-подобных рецепторов и их эндогенных лигандов в патогенезе ревматоидного артрита (обзор литературы)ROLE OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS AND THEIR ENDOGENOUS LIGANDS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A REVIEW OF LITERATUREВолковМ. Ю.VolkovM. Yu.

Москва, 115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

Moscow, 34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522

volkov.mikhail.yu@gmail.comФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. НасоновойРоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian Federation2016230320165417885Copyright © Волков М.Ю., 20162016Волков М.Ю.Volkov M.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2172

Несмотря на большие достижения в изучении патогенеза ревматоидного артрита (РА), позволившие создать принципиально новый класс фундаментально обоснованных терапевтических агентов, многие иммунологические аспекты остаются не до конца изученными. Одним из важных вопросов патогенеза не только РА, но и всех ревматических заболеваний является роль механизмов врожденного иммунитета в развитии аутоиммунного воспаления. Открытие паттерн-распознающих рецепторов (ПРР) позволило фундаментальной иммунологии сделать большой шаг вперед в понимании того, каким образом реализуются данные механизмы. Изучение мембранных и эндосомальных Toll-подобных рецепторов (ТПР) – наиболее обширной и хорошо изученной группы ПРР – является перспективным направлением современной ревматологии. Важно отметить, что стимулировать ТПР способны некоторые молекулярные агенты, присутствие которых в ткани ассоциировано с ее повреждением. Они получили название молекулярных паттернов, ассоциированных с повреждением (МПАП). В статье представлен обзор литературы, посвященной механизмам реализации ТПР-опосредованных сигнальных путей, различным аспектам роли отдельных ТПР и МПАП в индукции и поддержании аутоиммунного воспаления при РА, а также перспективам таргетной терапии, направленной на ингибирование некоторых ТПР и МПАП.

Despite great advances in the study of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which could design a radically new class of fundamentally sound therapeutic agents, many immunological aspects remain fully unstudied. The role of innate immunity mechanisms in the development of autoimmune inflammation is one of the important issues in the pathogenesis of not only RA, but also all rheumatic diseases. The discovery of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) has allowed fundamental immunology to make a great stride toward understanding how these mechanisms are implemented. The study of membranous and endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the most extensive and well-studied group of PRRs, is a promising area of modern rheumatology. It is significant to note that some molecular agents, the presence of which in tissue is associated with its damage, are able to stimulate TLRs. They have received the name damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The paper provides a review of the literature on the mechanisms of TLR-mediated signaling pathways, on different aspects of a role of individual TLRs and DAMPs in the induction and maintenance of autoimmune inflammation in RA, and on prospects for targeted therapy aimed at inhibiting some TLRs and DAMPs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.