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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2016-155-163</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ассоциация экспрессии генов в крови больных ревматоидным артритом с клиническими и лабораторными показателями до и после терапии метотрексатом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD GENE EXPRESSIONS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS WITH CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS BEFORE AND AFTER METHOTREXATE THERAPY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Четина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chetina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">etchetina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каратеев</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karateev</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коломацкий</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolomatsky</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логунов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logunov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нарышкин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naryshkin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липина</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipina</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115516 Москва, Тарный проезд, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Tarnyi Passage, Moscow 115516</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bureau of Forensic and Medical Examination, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>54</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>155</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Четина Е.В., Демидова Н.В., Каратеев Д.Е., Маркова Г.А., Макаров М.А., Коломацкий В.В., Логунов А.Л., Нарышкин Е.А., Липина М.М., Макаров С.А., Кузин А.Н., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Четина Е.В., Демидова Н.В., Каратеев Д.Е., Маркова Г.А., Макаров М.А., Коломацкий В.В., Логунов А.Л., Нарышкин Е.А., Липина М.М., Макаров С.А., Кузин А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chetina E.V., Demidova N.V., Karateev D.E., Markova G.A., Makarov M.A., Kolomatsky V.V., Logunov A.L., Naryshkin E.A., Lipina M.M., Makarov S.A., Kuzin A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2210">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2210</self-uri><abstract><p>Определены гены, высокая базальная экспрессия которых указывает на эффективность терапии метотрексатом (МТ) в плане купирования воспаления и деструкции суставов у больных ревматоидным артритом (РА).</p><p>Цель – найти ассоциацию между начальной экспрессией генов mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), главного регулятора клеточного роста и пролиферации; ULK1 (маркера аутофагии); р21 (ингибитора циклин-зависимых киназ); каспазы 3 (индикатора апоптозной активности); ММП9 (матриксной металлопротеиназы 9) и катепсина К, участвующих в деструкции сустава, а также цитокинов: ФНОα (фактора некроза опухоли α), ТРФβ1 (трансформирующего ростового фактора β1) и Runx2 (Runt-related transcription factor) – в крови больных РА с активностью заболевания и деструкцией суставов до и после терапии МТ в течение 24 мес.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовано 40 больных РА (средний возраст – 47,5 года) с длительностью заболевания &lt;2 лет и 26 здоровых доноров (средний возраст – 45,1 года). Все больные получали МТ в течение 2 лет. Клинический ответ оценивали по индексу DAS28, определяли также СОЭ, сывороточный уровень антител к циклическому цитруллинированному пептиду (АЦЦП), С-реактивного белка (СРБ) и ревматоидного фактора (РФ). Деструктивные изменения суставов оценивали с помощью рентгенографии. Кроме того, исследованы образцы крови и хряща коленного сустава 21 больного РА на поздней стадии заболевания (средний возраст – 50,4 года), а также хряща 25 здоровых лиц. Экспрессию генов в клетках периферической крови и хряща определяли посредством обратно-транскриптазной реакции и полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Терапия МТ значительно снижала активность заболевания по индексу DAS28, уровню СРБ, скованности, числу болезненных (ЧБС) и припухших (ЧПС) суставов, однако при этом значительно увеличивалась величина сужения суставной щели (ССЩ) по сравнению с началом терапии. Экспрессия генов ULK1, p21, MMP9, катепсина К и ТРФβ1 была повышена как в начале исследования, так и через 24 мес, тогда как изначально повышенная экспрессия mTOR, ФНОα, каспазы 3 и Runx2 снижалась к концу терапии до уровня здоровых лиц. Начальная экспрессия генов ТРФβ1, Runx2, каспазы 3, р21 отрицательно коррелировала с уровнем РФ, измеренным как в начале исследования, так и через 24 мес. Отмечена положительная корреляция начальной экспрессии ULK1 и ММП9 с уровнем СРБ до терапии, а также начальной экспрессии ММП9 – с исходным значением DAS28 и ЧПС. Кроме того, начальная экспрессия гена ФНОα положительно коррелировала с ССЩ в конце терапии, а генов р21, каспазы 3 и Runx2 – c изменением DAS28. Кроме того, отмечена отрицательная корреляция начальной экспрессии гена mTOR с ЧПС и числом эрозий, p21 и ФНОα – с ЧПС и ЧБС; ФНОα, ТРФβ1, Runx2 и катепсина К – с продолжительностью скованности в конце терапии. Положительная корреляция обнаружена между экспрессией генов катепсина К и ТРФβ1 в крови и суставном хряще больных РА на поздней стадии заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экспрессия генов ММП9 и ULK1 связана с активностью заболевания. Высокая начальная экспрессия остальных исследованных генов в крови ассоциируется с более эффективным воздействием МТ на скованность ( ФНОα, Runx2, катепсин К и ТРФβ1), ЧБС и ЧПС (mTOR, р21 и ФНОα) и прогрессирование деструкции суставов (mTOR) и, возможно, играет протективную роль. Положительная корреляция экспрессии генов ТРФβ1 и катепсина К в крови и суставном хряще может указывать на их корегуляцию в данных тканях при РА.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The genes, the high basic expression of which indicates the efficiency of methotrexate (MTX) therapy in relieving joint inflammation and destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have been defined.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to find an association between the initial expression of the genes: mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), a major regulator of cell growth and proliferation; ULK1 (an autophagy marker 1); p21 (a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor); kaspase-3 (an apoptosis activity indicator); MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9), and cathepsin K, which are involved in joint destruction, and the cytokines: TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1) and Runx2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2) in the blood of RA patients with disease activity and joint destruction before and after MTX therapy during 24 months.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. Forty patients (mean age, 47.5 years) with RA lasting &lt; 2 years) and 26 healthy donors (mean age, 45.1 years) were examined. All the patients took MTX for 2 years. A clinical response was assessed with disease activity score (DAS28); erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the serum levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACCPA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) were also estimated. Joint destructive changes were assessed by radiography. Furthermore, blood and knee articular cartilage samples from 21 patients (mean age, 50.4 years) with late-stage RA and cartilage samples from 25 healthy individuals were investigated. Gene expression in the cells of peripheral blood and cartilage was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. MTX therapy considerably reduced disease activity assessed by DAS28, CRP levels, stiffness, tender and swollen joint counts (TJC and SJC); however, joint space (JS) narrowing (JSN) substantially increased compared with the baseline values. The expression of the ULK1, p21, MMP-9, cathepsin K genes, and TGFβ1 was increased both at the beginning of the investigation and 24 months later whereas the initially higher expression of mTOR, TNF-α, caspase 3, and Runx2 was decreased by the end of therapy to the level of the healthy individuals. The initial expression of the TGFβ1, Runx2, caspase 3, and р21 genes correlated negatively with the RF level measured both at the beginning of the investigation and 24 months later. There was a positive correlation of the initial expression of ULK1 and MMP-9 with CRP levels prior to therapy and that of the initial expression of MMP-9 with baseline DAS28 scores and NSJ. Moreover, the initial expression of the TNF-α gene positively correlated with JSN at the end of therapy and that of the p21, caspase 3, and Runx2 genes with a change in DAS28. There was also a negative correlation of the initial expression of the mTOR gene with the SJC and the number of erosions; the p21 and TNF-α genes correlated negatively with SJC and TJC; and the TNF-α, TGFβ1, Runx2, and cathepsin K genes also negatively correlated to the duration of stiffness at the end of therapy. A positive correlation was found between the expression of the cathepsin K and TGFβ1 genes in the blood and articular cartilage of patients with late-stage RA.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The expression of the MMP-9 and ULK1 genes is associated with disease activity. The high initial blood expression of the other examined genes is associated with the more effective action of MTX on stiffness (TNF-α, Runx2, cathepsin K, and TGFβ1), TJC and SJC (mTOR, p21, and TNF-α), and the progression of joint destruction (mTOR) and may play a protective role. The positive correlation of the blood and articular cartilage expression of the TGFβ1 and cathepsin K genes may point to their co-regulation in these tissues in RA.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>периферическая кровь</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>поражение суставов</kwd><kwd>метотрексат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>peripheral blood</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>joint injury</kwd><kwd>methotrexate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ. Применение ритуксимаба при ревматоидном артрите. В кн.: Насонов ЕЛ, редактор. Анти-В-клеточная терапия в ревматологии: фокус на ритуксимаб. Москва: ИМА-ПРЕСС; 2012. С. 55-93 [Nasonov EL. The use of rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis. In: Nasonov EL, editor. 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