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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2018-525-530</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2601</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая манифестация ВИЧ-инфекции, имитирующая ревматические заболевания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF HIV INFECTION SIMULATING RHEUMATIC DISEASES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ponomareva_elena1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульдяков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuldyakov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анащенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anashchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребров</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebrov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет&#13;
им. В.И. Разумовского» Минздрава России, Саратов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Saratov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИД (ГУЗ «Центр СПИД»), Саратов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov Regional Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Saratov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>525</fpage><lpage>530</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономарева Е.Ю., Шульдяков А.А., Анащенко А.В., Ребров А.П., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономарева Е.Ю., Шульдяков А.А., Анащенко А.В., Ребров А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomareva E.Y., Shuldyakov A.A., Anashchenko A.V., Rebrov A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2601">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2601</self-uri><abstract><p>Симптомы, сходные с теми, которые выявляются при ревматических заболеваниях, у пациентов, инфицированных вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ), обусловлены различными патогенетическими механизмами (иммунологическим клеточным дисбалансом, выработкой антител и т. п.). Возникновение «ревматических» симптомов и синдромов при ВИЧ-инфекции может приводить к диагностическим ошибкам и неверной тактике лечения (назначению иммуносупрессивной терапии вместо высокодозовой антиретровирусной терапии). В статье приведены два клинических наблюдения ВИЧ-инфекции в стадии синдрома приобретенного иммунодефицита (СПИДа) у женщин молодого и среднего возраста, у которых первоначально были ошибочно диагностированы ревматические заболевания. В первом случае у женщины 34 лет до установления диагноза ВИЧ-инфекции подозревалась системная красная волчанка, а ведущим клиническим синдромом послужила нефропатия (нефротический синдром, артериальная гипертензия). Во втором наблюдении у женщины 62 лет проявления развернутой стадии ВИЧ-инфекции первоначально расценивались как смешанное заболевание соединительной ткани, а наибольшее сходство обнаруживалось с синдромом Шегрена. Обсуждаются причины трудности диагностики в каждом случае, особенности поражения органов в сопоставлении с данными литературы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The symptoms similar to those detected in rheumatic diseases in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are due to various pathogenetic mechanisms (immune cell imbalance, antibody production, etc.). The occurrence of rheumatic symptoms and syndromes in HIV infection can lead to diagnostic errors and wrong treatment policy (use of immunosuppressive therapy instead of high-dose antiretroviral therapy). The paper describes two clinical cases of HIV infection in the stage of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in young and middle-aged women, who were misdiagnosed rheumatic diseases at baseline. In the first case, a 34-year-old woman was suspected to have systemic lupus erythematosus before HIV infection diagnosis, whereas the leading clinical syndrome was nephropathy (nephrotic syndrome, hypertension). In the other case, in a 62-year-old woman, the manifestations of the advanced stage of HIV infection at baseline were regarded as mixed connective tissue disease, while the greatest similarity was found in the concurrence of Sjö gren’s syndrome. The paper discusses the reasons for diagnostic difficulties in each case and the specific features of organ damages in comparison with the data available in the literature.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ/СПИД</kwd><kwd>ревматические симптомы</kwd><kwd>системная красная волчанка</kwd><kwd>нефропатия</kwd><kwd>синдром Шегрена</kwd><kwd>диффузный инфильтративный лимфоцитоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV/AIDS</kwd><kwd>rheumatic symptoms</kwd><kwd>systemic lupus erythematosus</kwd><kwd>nephropathy</kwd><kwd>Sjö gren’s syndrome</kwd><kwd>diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов БС, Белова ОЛ. ВИЧ-инфекция: ревматологические аспекты. Русский медицинский журнал. 2008;24:1615</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov BS, Belova OL. HIV infection: rheumatological aspects. 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