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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2660</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕВМООРТОПЕДИЯ И РЕАБИЛИТАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORTHOPEDIC RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профилактика венозных тромбоэмболий и риск развития послеоперационных осложнений у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом и остеоартритом при эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The prevention of venous thromboembolism and the risk of postoperative complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis after total hip arthroplasty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybnikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>15522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.rybnikov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бялик</surname><given-names>E. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Byalik</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>15522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетняк</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnyak</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>15522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>15522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khramov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>15522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>797</fpage><lpage>804</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рыбников А.В., Бялик E.И., Решетняк Т.М., Макаров С.А., Храмов А.Э., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рыбников А.В., Бялик E.И., Решетняк Т.М., Макаров С.А., Храмов А.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rybnikov A.V., Byalik E.I., Reshetnyak T.M., Makarov S.A., Khramov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2660">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2660</self-uri><abstract><p>Пациенты, подвергшиеся протезированию крупных суставов (тазобедренных – ТБС, коленных) составляют группу высокого риска развития венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО). Риск ВТЭО у этих больных без проведения профилактики колеблется, по данным разных авторов, от 40 до 80%. Цель исследования – проанализировать частоту ВТЭО, а также риск развития кровотечений и осложнений со стороны послеоперационной раны у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом (РА) и остеоартритом (ОА) при эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава.Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 486 пациентов (212 – с РА и 274 – с ОА), которым было выполнено первичное эндопротезирование ТБС. Каждая группа пациентов была разделена на три подгруппы по виду медикаментозной профилактики: 1) надропарин кальция, 2) дабигатран этексилат, 3) надропарин кальция с переходом на дабигатран этексилат). Согласно критериям Международного общества по тромбозу и гемостазу (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis), интра- и послеоперационную кровопотерю оценивали в течение первых 7 дней после операции; так же оценивался процесс заживления раны.Результаты и обсуждение. Медикаментозная профилактика ВТЭО проводилась у 239 (49,2%) пациентов, 130 (26,8%) из них получали надропарин кальция, остальные 117 (24,0%) – дабигатран этексилат или оба этих препарата. Послеоперационные ВТЭО были зарегистрированы у 36 (7,4%) из 486 пациентов. При РА они выявлялись достоверно реже, чем при ОА (1,2 и 6,1% соответственно; p=0,0013). В обеих группах ВТЭО чаще протекали бессимптомно. Ни у одного пациента фатальных кровотечений не выявлено, что подтверждает безопасность антикоагулянтной терапии. Кровотечения, потребовавшие трансфузии крови, при РА встречались достоверно чаще, чем при ОА (соответственно в 14,4 и 5,7% случаев; р&lt;0,001). Число случаев, потребовавших отмены медикаментозной антикоагулянтной терапии, у пациентов с РА было значительно больше по сравнению с группой ОА (соответственно 6,6 и 1,4%). Замедленное заживление раны при РА также встречалось значительно чаще (n=56; 26,4%), чем при ОА (n=14; 5,1%). У больных, которым проводилась монотерапия надропарином кальция, ВТЭО возникали значительно чаще, чем при использовании комбинированной терапии (p&lt;0,0001), и несколько чаще, чем в группе дабигатрана этексилата (p=0,054), однако для последнего различия не достигали статистической достоверности.Заключение. У пациентов с РА при проведении планового эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава ВТЭО возникают реже, чем при ОА (1,23 и 6,17% соответственно; p=0,0013). После эндопротезирования ТБС у пациентов с РА и ОА на фоне лечения надропарином кальция ВТЭО выявлялись достоверно чаще, чем при использовании комбинированной терапии. Кровотечения из послеоперационной раны при РА возникали достоверно чаще, чем при ОА (в 14,4 и 5,7% случаев соответственно). Риск осложнений со стороны послеоперационной раны при РА значительно выше, чем при ОА (относительный риск – 4,33; 95% доверительный интервал 2,67–7,03; р&lt;0,001), что увеличивает длительность пребывания больных в лечебном учреждении, а также стоимость проводимого лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Patients who have undergone large (hip, knee) joint replacement constitute a group at high risk for developing venous thromboembolic events (VTEs). According to different authors, the risk of nonpreventable VTEs in these patients varies from 40 to 80%.Objective: to analyze the incidence of VTE and the risk of postoperative wound-related bleeding and complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) after total hip arthroplasty. Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 486 patients with RA (n=212) and OA (n=274) who underwent primary hip arthroplasty. Each patient group was divided into three subgroups according to prevention with the following drugs: 1) nadroparin calcium; 2) dabigatran etexilate; 3) nadroparin calcium switched to dabigatran etexilate. According to the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis criteria, intra- and postoperative blood loss was assessed during the first 7 days after surgery; the wound healing process was also evaluated.Results and discussion. VTE was prevented with the drugs in 239 (49.2%) patients, 130 (26.8%) of them received nadroparin calcium, the remaining 117 (24.0%) patients had dabigatran etexilate or both drugs. Postoperative VTEs were recorded in 36 (7.4%) out of the 486 patients. VTEs were detected significantly less frequently In RA than in OA (1.2 and 6.1%, respectively; p=0.0013). VTEs were more commonly asymptomatic in both groups. No fatal bleeding was seen in any patient, which confirms the safety of anticoagulant therapy. Blood transfusions were more frequently given to bleeding patients with RA than to those with OA (14.4 and 5.7% of cases, respectively; p&lt;0.001). The number of patients with RA who required discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy was more than those with OA (6.6% and 1.4%, respectively). Delayed wound healing was also much more common in patients with RA (n=56; 26.4%) than in those with OA (n=14; 5.1%). VTE occurred much more often in patients receiving monotherapy with nadroparin calcium than in those having combined therapy (p&lt;0.0001), and somewhat more frequently than in those taking dabigatran etexilate (p=0.054), however, the difference for the latter did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion. During elective hip replacement, VTEs occurred less frequently in patients with RA than in those with OA (1.23 and 6.17%, respectively, p=0.0013). After hip arthroplasty, VTEs were detected significantly more often in nadroparin calcium-treated patients with RA and OA than in patients receiving combined therapy. Postoperative wound-related bleedings were significantly more frequently observed in RA than in OA (14.4 and 5.7% of cases, respectively). The risk of postoperative wound-related complications in RA is much higher than in OA (relative risk, 4.33; 95% confidence interval, 2.67–7.03; p&lt;0.001), which increases the length of hospital stay and the cost of the treatment performed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоэмболические осложнения</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>остеоартрит</kwd><kwd>эндопротезирование</kwd><kwd>кровотечения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thromboembolic events</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd><kwd>joint replacement</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee JJ, Pope JE. A meta-analysis of the risk of venous thromboembolism in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16(5):435 doi: 10.1186/s13075-014-0435-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee JJ, Pope JE. 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