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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2019-197-209</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2706</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОГРЕСС В РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ В XXI ВЕКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROGRESS IN RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE XXI CENTURY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хроническая боль и центральная сенситизация при иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях: патогенез, клинические проявления, возможность применения таргетных базисных противовоспалительных препаратов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic pain and central sensitization in immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, the possibility of using targeted disease modifying antirheumatic drugs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каратеев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karateev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зав. лабораторией патофизиологии боли и клинического полиморфизма скелетно-мышечных заболеваний, докт. мед. наук</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный руководитель ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой; зав. кафедрой ревматологии ИПО, академик РАН, профессор, докт. мед. наук </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522;</p><p>8, Trubetskaya Str., Build. 2, Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>209</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каратеев А.Е., Насонов Е.Л., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каратеев А.Е., Насонов Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karateev A.E., Nasonov E.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2706">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2706</self-uri><abstract><p>Хроническая боль – одно из основных проявлений иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваний (ИВРЗ), таких как ревматоидный артрит (РА) и псориатический артрит (ПсА), определяющее тяжесть страданий, снижение качества жизни и инвалидизацию больных. К сожалению, применение синтетических и биологических базисных противовоспалительных препаратов, а также нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов не всегда обеспечивает достаточный контроль боли при ИВРЗ, даже в том случае, когда удается добиться существенного снижения воспалительной активности. Причина этого заключается в комплексном механизме развития хронической боли. Он включает не только стимуляцию болевых рецепторов, вызванную поражением элементов скелетно-мышечной системы, но также изменение восприятия боли, связанное с феноменом центральной сенситизации (ЦС). ЦС характеризуется значительным и стойким повышением чувствительности ноцицептивных нейронов к болевым и неболевым стимулам. Одна из основных теорий развития ЦС объясняет этот феномен воспалительной реакцией со стороны окружения нейронов – активацией астроцитов и микроглиальных клеток, локальной гиперпродукцией цитокинов, медиаторов воспаления и нейротрофических факторов. Факторами, способствующими развитию ЦС при ИВРЗ, являются ожирение, депрессия и тревожность, поражение соматосенсорной системы, недостаточное купирование боли в дебюте заболевания. Клиническими проявлениями ЦС при ИВРЗ становятся гипералгезия, аллодиния, «распространенная боль» и вторичная фибромиалгия. Важное значение в развитии хронической боли и ЦС придается внутриклеточному воспалительному пути JAK-STAT. Поэтому ингибиторы JAK, такие как тофацитиниб, используемые в качестве патогенетического средства при РА и ПсА, могут также рассматриваться как эффективное средство контроля хронической боли при этих заболеваниях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic pain is one of the main manifestations of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), which determines the severity of suffering, reduced quality of life and disability of patients. Unfortunately, the use of synthetic and biological disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs does not always provide sufficient control of pain in IIRD, even when it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in inflammatory activity. The reason for this is the complex mechanism of chronic pain. It includes not onlystimulation of pain receptors caused by damage of the elements of the musculoskeletal system, but also a change in the perception of pain associated with the phenomenon of central sensitization (CS). CS is characterized by a significant and persistent increase in the sensitivity of nociceptive neurons to pain and nonpain stimuli. One of the main theories of the CS development consider this phenomenon as an inflammatory reaction of the neuronenvironmentthe activation of astrocytes and microglial cells, local hyperproduction of cytokines, inflammatory mediators and neurotrophic factors. Factors contributing to the development of CS in IIRD are obesity, depression and anxiety, damage of the somatosensory system, insufficient relief of pain in the onset of the disease. Clinical manifestations of CS in IIRD is hyperalgesia, allodinia, «expanded pain» and secondary fibromyalgia. An important role in the development of chronic pain and CS plays the intracellular inflammatory pathway JAK-STAT. Therefore, JAK inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, used in RA and PsA, can also be considered as an effective means of controlling chronic pain in these diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>псориатический артрит</kwd><kwd>боль</kwd><kwd>центральная сенситизация</kwd><kwd>фибромиалгия</kwd><kwd>JAK-STAT</kwd><kwd>тофацитиниб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>psoriatic arthritis</kwd><kwd>pain</kwd><kwd>central sensitization</kwd><kwd>fibromyalgia</kwd><kwd>JAK-STAT</kwd><kwd>tofacitinib</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, редактор. Российские клинические рекомендации. Ревматология. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2017. 446 с. ISBN 978-5-9704-4261-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov EL, editor. Rossiiskie klinicheskie rekomendatsii. 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