<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2020-330-335</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром ограниченной подвижности суставов при сахарном диабете</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LIMITED JOINT MOBILITY SYNDROME IN DIABETES MELLITUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5290-156X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паневин</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panevin</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарас Сергеевич Паневин</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, 11;</p><p>119019, Москва, Колымажный пер., 7, стр. 4</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taras Panevin </p><p>34A, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522;</p><p>11, Dmitry Ulyanov St., Moscow 117036;</p><p>7, Kolymazhnyi Lane, Build. 4, Moscow 119019 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tarasel@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-0898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-7877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельниченко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnichenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии»; ФГКУ «Консультативно-диагностический центр Генерального штаба Вооруженных сил Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; National Research Center of Endocrinology; Consulting and Diagnostic Center, General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center of Endocrinology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>330</fpage><lpage>335</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Паневин Т.С., Алексеева Л.И., Мельниченко Г.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Паневин Т.С., Алексеева Л.И., Мельниченко Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panevin T.S., Alekseeva L.I., Melnichenko G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2901">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2901</self-uri><abstract><p>У больных сахарным диабетом (СД) часто встречаются изменения опорно-двигательного аппарата (ОДА), в частности хайроартропатия – специфическое поражение соединительнотканных структур кисти в условиях персистирующей гипергликемии, приводящее к ограничению подвижности суставов, как правило, в отсутствие болевого синдрома. Некоторые авторы для описания поражения ОДА при СД используют термин «синдром ограниченной подвижности суставов» (ОПС), поскольку при длительном течении в патологический процесс вовлекаются мелкие и крупные суставы не только верхней, но и нижней конечности. ОПС является одним из малоизученных и плохо диагностируемых состояний в сравнении с традиционными микрои макрососудистыми осложнениями СД, которым, ввиду прямой корреляции с продолжительностью жизни, уделяется большее внимание. Синдром ОПС ассоциирован с другими поздними осложнениями СД и может значимо нарушать функциональную активность, самообслуживание и ухудшать качество жизни. Считается, что повреждения околосуставных тканей и суставов при СД вызваны накоплением конечных продуктов гликирования. Решающую роль в диагностике хайроартропатии играет клинический осмотр.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often show changes in the locomotor apparatus (LMA), in particular cheiroarthropathy, a specific lesion of the connective tissue structures of the hand in the presence of persistent hyperglycemia, which leads to limited joint mobility (LJM) generally in the absence of pain syndrome. Some authors use the term «LJM syndrome» to describe LMA lesion in DM, since in the long course of the disease, the small and large joints of not only the upper, but also the lower limbs are involved in the pathological process. LJM is one of the little studied and poorly diagnosed conditions in comparison with traditional micro- and macro-vascular complications of DM, which, due to their direct correlation with life expectancy, receive more attention. The LJM syndrome is associated with other late complications of DM and can significantly impair functional activity, self-care, and quality of life. Damages to periarticular tissue and joints in DM are believed to be caused by the accumulation of glycation end products. A clinical examination plays a key role in the diagnosis of cheiroarthropathy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>хайроартропатия</kwd><kwd>конечные продукты гликирования</kwd><kwd>синдром ограниченной подвижности суставов</kwd><kwd>диабетическая стопа</kwd><kwd>полинейропатия</kwd><kwd>осложнения сахарного диабета</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>cheiroarthropathy</kwd><kwd>glycation end products</kwd><kwd>limited joint mobility syndrome</kwd><kwd>diabetic foot</kwd><kwd>polyneuropathy</kwd><kwd>complications of diabetes mellitus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов ИИ, Шестакова МВ, Викулова ОК и др. Сахарный диабет в Российской Федерации: распространенность, заболеваемость, смертность, параметры углеводного обмена и структура сахароснижающей терапии по данным Федерального регистра сахарного диабета, статус 2017 г. Сахарный диабет. 2018;21(3):144-59. doi: 10.14341/DM9686 [Dedov II, Shestakova MV, Vikulova OK, et al. Diabetes mellitus in Russian Federation: prevalence, morbidity, mortality, parameters of glycaemic control and structure of hypoglycaemic therapy according to the Federal Diabetes Register, status 2017. Sakharnyi Diabet = Diabetes Mellitus. 2018;21(3):144-59. doi: 10.14341/DM9686 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дедов ИИ, Шестакова МВ, Викулова ОК и др. Сахарный диабет в Российской Федерации: распространенность, заболеваемость, смертность, параметры углеводного обмена и структура сахароснижающей терапии по данным Федерального регистра сахарного диабета, статус 2017 г. Сахарный диабет. 2018;21(3):144-59. doi: 10.14341/DM9686 [Dedov II, Shestakova MV, Vikulova OK, et al. Diabetes mellitus in Russian Federation: prevalence, morbidity, mortality, parameters of glycaemic control and structure of hypoglycaemic therapy according to the Federal Diabetes Register, status 2017. Sakharnyi Diabet = Diabetes Mellitus. 2018;21(3):144-59. doi: 10.14341/DM9686 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenbloom AL, Silverstein JH. Connective tissue and joint disease in diabetes mellitus. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1996;25:473-83. doi: 10.1016/S0889-8529(05)70335-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenbloom AL, Silverstein JH. Connective tissue and joint disease in diabetes mellitus. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1996;25:473-83. doi: 10.1016/S0889-8529(05)70335-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith LL, Burnet SP, McNeil JD. Musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37:30-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.37.1.30</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith LL, Burnet SP, McNeil JD. Musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37:30-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.37.1.30</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pandey A, Usman K, Reddy H, et al. Prevalence of hand disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with microvascular complications. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013;3:349-54. doi: 10.4103/2141-9248</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pandey A, Usman K, Reddy H, et al. Prevalence of hand disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with microvascular complications. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013;3:349-54. doi: 10.4103/2141-9248</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shinabarger NI. Limited joint mobility in adults with diabetes mellitus. Phys Ther. 1987;67:215-8. doi: 10.1093/ptj/67.2.215</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shinabarger NI. Limited joint mobility in adults with diabetes mellitus. Phys Ther. 1987;67:215-8. doi: 10.1093/ptj/67.2.215</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abate M, Schiavone C, Pelotti P, Salini V. Limited joint mobility in diabetes and ageing: recent advances in pathogenesis and therapy. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2010;23:997-1003. doi: 10.1177/039463201002300404</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abate M, Schiavone C, Pelotti P, Salini V. Limited joint mobility in diabetes and ageing: recent advances in pathogenesis and therapy. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2010;23:997-1003. doi: 10.1177/039463201002300404</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lundbaek K. Stiff hands in long-term diabetes. Acta Med Scand 1957;158:447-51. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb15511.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lundbaek K. Stiff hands in long-term diabetes. Acta Med Scand 1957;158:447-51. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb15511.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenbloom AL, Frias JL. Diabetes mellitus, short stature and joint stiffness – a new syndrome. Clin Res. 1974;22:92A.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenbloom AL, Frias JL. Diabetes mellitus, short stature and joint stiffness – a new syndrome. Clin Res. 1974;22:92A.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jennings AM, Milner PC, Ward JD. Hand abnormalities are associated with the complications of diabetes in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 1989;6:43-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1989.tb01137.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jennings AM, Milner PC, Ward JD. Hand abnormalities are associated with the complications of diabetes in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 1989;6:43-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1989.tb01137.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenbloom AL, Silverstein JH, Lezotte DC, et al. Limited joint mobility in childhood diabetes mellitus indicates increased risk for microvascular disease. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:191-4. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198107233050403</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenbloom AL, Silverstein JH, Lezotte DC, et al. Limited joint mobility in childhood diabetes mellitus indicates increased risk for microvascular disease. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:191-4. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198107233050403</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacobson AM, Braffett BH, Cleary PA, et al. The long-term effects of type 1 diabetes treatment and complications on health-related quality of life: a 23-year followup of the Diabetes Control and Complications/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications cohort. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3131-8. doi: 10.2337/dc12-2109</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacobson AM, Braffett BH, Cleary PA, et al. The long-term effects of type 1 diabetes treatment and complications on health-related quality of life: a 23-year followup of the Diabetes Control and Complications/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications cohort. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3131-8. doi: 10.2337/dc12-2109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gamstedt A, Holm-Glad J, Ohlson CG, Sundstr?m M. Hand abnormalities are strongly associated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med. 1993;234:189-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00729.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gamstedt A, Holm-Glad J, Ohlson CG, Sundstr?m M. Hand abnormalities are strongly associated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med. 1993;234:189-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00729.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sukenik S, Weitzman S, Buskila D, et al. Limited joint mobility and other rheumatological manifestations in diabetic patients. Diabete Metab. 1987;13:187-92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukenik S, Weitzman S, Buskila D, et al. Limited joint mobility and other rheumatological manifestations in diabetic patients. Diabete Metab. 1987;13:187-92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pal B, Anderson J, Dick WC, Griffiths ID. Limitation of joint mobility and shoulder capsulitis in insulin- and non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Br J Rheumatol. 1986;25:147-51. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/25.2.147</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pal B, Anderson J, Dick WC, Griffiths ID. Limitation of joint mobility and shoulder capsulitis in insulin- and non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Br J Rheumatol. 1986;25:147-51. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/25.2.147</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arkkila PE, Kantola IM, Viikari JS. Limited joint mobility in noninsulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients: correlation to control of diabetes, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and other diabetic complications. J Diabet Complicat. 1994;11:208-17. doi: 10.1016/S1056-8727(96)00038-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arkkila PE, Kantola IM, Viikari JS. Limited joint mobility in noninsulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients: correlation to control of diabetes, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and other diabetic complications. J Diabet Complicat. 1994;11:208-17. doi: 10.1016/S1056-8727(96)00038-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Starkman HS, Gleason RE, Rand LI, et al. Limited joint mobility (LJM) of the hand in patients with diabetes mellitus: relation to chronic complications. Ann Rheum Dis. 1986;45:130-5. doi: 10.1136/ard.45.2.130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starkman HS, Gleason RE, Rand LI, et al. Limited joint mobility (LJM) of the hand in patients with diabetes mellitus: relation to chronic complications. Ann Rheum Dis. 1986;45:130-5. doi: 10.1136/ard.45.2.130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Larkin ME, Barnie A, Braffett BH, et al. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group (2014) Musculoskeletal complications in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2014;37:1863-9. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2361</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larkin ME, Barnie A, Braffett BH, et al. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group (2014) Musculoskeletal complications in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2014;37:1863-9. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2361</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:977-86. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199309303291401</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:977-86. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199309303291401</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC). Design, implementation, and preliminary results of a longterm follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial cohort. Diabetes Care. 1999;22:99-111. doi: 10.2337/diacare.22.1.99</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC). Design, implementation, and preliminary results of a longterm follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial cohort. Diabetes Care. 1999;22:99-111. doi: 10.2337/diacare.22.1.99</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gokcen N, Altuntas SC, Benlidayi IC. An overlooked rheumatologic manifestation of diabetes: diabetic cheiroarthropathy. Clin Rheumatol. 2019;38:927-32. doi: 10.1007/s10067-019-04454-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gokcen N, Altuntas SC, Benlidayi IC. An overlooked rheumatologic manifestation of diabetes: diabetic cheiroarthropathy. Clin Rheumatol. 2019;38:927-32. doi: 10.1007/s10067-019-04454-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fatemi A, Iraj B, Barzanian J, et al. Musculoskeletal manifestations in diabetic versus prediabetic patients. Int J Rheum Dis. 2015;18:791-9. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.12712</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fatemi A, Iraj B, Barzanian J, et al. Musculoskeletal manifestations in diabetic versus prediabetic patients. Int J Rheum Dis. 2015;18:791-9. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.12712</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujii K, Yamagishi T, Nagafuchi T, et al Biochemical properties of collagen from ligaments and periarticular tendons of the human knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1994;2:229-33. doi: 10.1007/BF01845593</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujii K, Yamagishi T, Nagafuchi T, et al Biochemical properties of collagen from ligaments and periarticular tendons of the human knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1994;2:229-33. doi: 10.1007/BF01845593</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saito M, Marumo K. Collagen cross-links as a determinant of bone quality: a possible explanation for bone fragility in aging, osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. Osteoporos Int. 2010;21:195- 214. doi: 10.1007/s00198-009-1066-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saito M, Marumo K. Collagen cross-links as a determinant of bone quality: a possible explanation for bone fragility in aging, osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. Osteoporos Int. 2010;21:195- 214. doi: 10.1007/s00198-009-1066-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vazzana N, Santilli F, Cuccurullo C, Davi G. Soluble forms of RAGE in internal medicine. Intern Emerg Med. 2009;4:389-401. doi: 10.1007/s11739-009-0300-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vazzana N, Santilli F, Cuccurullo C, Davi G. Soluble forms of RAGE in internal medicine. Intern Emerg Med. 2009;4:389-401. doi: 10.1007/s11739-009-0300-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldin A, Beckman JA, Schmidt AM, Creager MA. Advanced glycation end products. Circulation. 2006;114(6):597-605. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.621854</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldin A, Beckman JA, Schmidt AM, Creager MA. Advanced glycation end products. Circulation. 2006;114(6):597-605. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.621854</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abate M, Schiavone C, Di Carlo L, Salini V. Achilles tendon and plantar fascia in recently diagnosed type II diabetes: role of body mass index. Clin Rheumatol. 2012;31:1109-13. doi: 10.1007/s10067-012-1955-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abate M, Schiavone C, Di Carlo L, Salini V. Achilles tendon and plantar fascia in recently diagnosed type II diabetes: role of body mass index. Clin Rheumatol. 2012;31:1109-13. doi: 10.1007/s10067-012-1955-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franco R, Sanchez-Olea R, Reyes-Reyes EM, Panayiotidis MI. Environmental toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis: menage a trois. Mutat Res. 2009;674:3-22. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.11.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franco R, Sanchez-Olea R, Reyes-Reyes EM, Panayiotidis MI. Environmental toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis: menage a trois. Mutat Res. 2009;674:3-22. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.11.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abate M, Schiavone C, Salini V. Neoangiogenesis is reduced in chronic tendinopathies of type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012;25:757-61. doi: 10.1177/039463201202500322</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abate M, Schiavone C, Salini V. Neoangiogenesis is reduced in chronic tendinopathies of type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012;25:757-61. doi: 10.1177/039463201202500322</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang SH, Sun ZL, Guo YJ, et al. PPARgamma-mediated advanced glycation end products regulation of neural stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009;307:176-84. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.02.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang SH, Sun ZL, Guo YJ, et al. PPARgamma-mediated advanced glycation end products regulation of neural stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009;307:176-84. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.02.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oliva F, Giai Via A, Maffulli N. Physiopathology of intratendinous calcific deposition. BMC Med. 2012;10:95. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-95</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oliva F, Giai Via A, Maffulli N. Physiopathology of intratendinous calcific deposition. BMC Med. 2012;10:95. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-95</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rui YF, Lui PP, Chan LS, et al. Does erroneous differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells contribute to the pathogenesis of calcifying tendinopathy? Chin Med J (Engl). 2011;124:606-10. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2011.04.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rui YF, Lui PP, Chan LS, et al. Does erroneous differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells contribute to the pathogenesis of calcifying tendinopathy? Chin Med J (Engl). 2011;124:606-10. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2011.04.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокрышева НГ, Еремкина АК, Мирная СС и др. Патологические изменения в суставах и мышцах при первичном гиперпаратиреозе. Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2018;21(4):10-8. doi: 10.14341/osteo9783 [Mokrysheva NG, Eremkina AK, Mirnaya SS, et al. Joint and muscle involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteoporoz i Osteopatii = Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases. 2018;21(4):10-8. doi: 10.14341/osteo9783 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мокрышева НГ, Еремкина АК, Мирная СС и др. Патологические изменения в суставах и мышцах при первичном гиперпаратиреозе. Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2018;21(4):10-8. doi: 10.14341/osteo9783 [Mokrysheva NG, Eremkina AK, Mirnaya SS, et al. Joint and muscle involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteoporoz i Osteopatii = Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases. 2018;21(4):10-8. doi: 10.14341/osteo9783 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conde J, Gomez R, Bianco G, et al. Expanding the adipokine network in cartilage: identification and regulation of novel factors in human and murine chondrocytes. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:551- 9. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.132399</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conde J, Gomez R, Bianco G, et al. Expanding the adipokine network in cartilage: identification and regulation of novel factors in human and murine chondrocytes. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:551- 9. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.132399</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berry PA, Jones SW, Cicuttini FM, et al. Temporal relationship between serum adipokines, biomarkers of bone and cartilage turnover, and cartilage volume loss in a population with clinical knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:700-7. doi: 10.1002/art.30182</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berry PA, Jones SW, Cicuttini FM, et al. Temporal relationship between serum adipokines, biomarkers of bone and cartilage turnover, and cartilage volume loss in a population with clinical knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:700-7. doi: 10.1002/art.30182</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shiau MY, Tsai ST, Tsai KJ, et al. Increased circulatory MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels and activities in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Mt Sinai J Med. 2006;73:1024-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shiau MY, Tsai ST, Tsai KJ, et al. Increased circulatory MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels and activities in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Mt Sinai J Med. 2006;73:1024-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Derosa G, D’Angelo A, Tinelli C, et al. Evaluation of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 levels and their inhibitors in diabetic and healthy subjects. Diabetes Metab. 2007;33:129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2006.11.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Derosa G, D’Angelo A, Tinelli C, et al. Evaluation of metalloproteinase 2 and 9 levels and their inhibitors in diabetic and healthy subjects. Diabetes Metab. 2007;33:129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2006.11.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maxwell PR, Timms PM, Chandran S, Gordon D. Peripheral bloodlevel alterations of TIMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2001;18:777-80. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00542.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maxwell PR, Timms PM, Chandran S, Gordon D. Peripheral bloodlevel alterations of TIMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2001;18:777-80. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00542.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Florys B, Glowinska B, Urban M, Peczynska J. Metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Endokrynol Diabetol Chor Przemiany Materii Wieku Rozw. 2006;12:184-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Florys B, Glowinska B, Urban M, Peczynska J. Metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Endokrynol Diabetol Chor Przemiany Materii Wieku Rozw. 2006;12:184-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah AK, Clatworthy MR, Watson CJ. Diabetic cheiroarthropathy following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Transplant Int. 2009;22:670-1. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2008.00825.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah AK, Clatworthy MR, Watson CJ. Diabetic cheiroarthropathy following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Transplant Int. 2009;22:670-1. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2008.00825.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паневин ТС, Алекперов РТ, Мельниченко ГА. Синдром Рейно в практике эндокринолога. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2019;16(4):37-45. doi: 10.14341/omet10245 [Panevin TS, Alekperov RT, Melnichenko GA. Raynaud’s phenomenon in the endocrinologist’s practice. Ozhirenie i Metabolizm = Obesity and Metabolism. 2019;16(4):37-45. doi: 10.14341/omet10245 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Паневин ТС, Алекперов РТ, Мельниченко ГА. Синдром Рейно в практике эндокринолога. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2019;16(4):37-45. doi: 10.14341/omet10245 [Panevin TS, Alekperov RT, Melnichenko GA. Raynaud’s phenomenon in the endocrinologist’s practice. Ozhirenie i Metabolizm = Obesity and Metabolism. 2019;16(4):37-45. doi: 10.14341/omet10245 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sauseng S, Kä stenbauer T, Irsigler K. Limited joint mobility in selected hand and foot joints in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a methodology comparison. Diabetes Nutr Metab. 2002;15:1-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sauseng S, Kä stenbauer T, Irsigler K. Limited joint mobility in selected hand and foot joints in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a methodology comparison. Diabetes Nutr Metab. 2002;15:1-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopez-Martin I, Benito Ortiz L, Rodriguez-Borlado B, et al. Association between limited joint mobility syndrome and risk of accidental falls in diabetic patients. Semergen. 2015;41:70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2014.03.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopez-Martin I, Benito Ortiz L, Rodriguez-Borlado B, et al. Association between limited joint mobility syndrome and risk of accidental falls in diabetic patients. Semergen. 2015;41:70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2014.03.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kidd R, Kidd R. The role of abnormal collagen synthesis in the pathomechanics of the diabetic foot: a reevaluation of the paradism of neuropathy in podiatric practice. Aust Pod. 1993;(Dec):97-101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kidd R, Kidd R. The role of abnormal collagen synthesis in the pathomechanics of the diabetic foot: a reevaluation of the paradism of neuropathy in podiatric practice. Aust Pod. 1993;(Dec):97-101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delbridge L, Perry P, Marr S, et al. Limited joint mobility in the diabetic foot: relationship to neuropathic ulceration. Diabet Med. 1988;5:333-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1988.tb01000.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delbridge L, Perry P, Marr S, et al. Limited joint mobility in the diabetic foot: relationship to neuropathic ulceration. Diabet Med. 1988;5:333-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1988.tb01000.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fernando DJ, Masson EA, Veves A, Boulton AJ. Relationship of limited joint mobility to abnormal foot pressures and diabetic foot ulceration. Diabetes Care. 1991;14:8-11. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.1.8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fernando DJ, Masson EA, Veves A, Boulton AJ. Relationship of limited joint mobility to abnormal foot pressures and diabetic foot ulceration. Diabetes Care. 1991;14:8-11. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.1.8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ismail AA, Dasgupta B, Tanqueray AB, Hamblin JJ. Ultrasonographic features of diabetic cheiroarthropathy. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35:676-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/35.7.676</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ismail AA, Dasgupta B, Tanqueray AB, Hamblin JJ. Ultrasonographic features of diabetic cheiroarthropathy. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35:676-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/35.7.676</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева ЛВ, Попкова ТВ. Ревматические проявления сахарного диабета. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2018;56(5):603-12. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-603-612 [Kondratyeva LV, Popkova TV. Rheumatic manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2018;56(5):603-12. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-603-612 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кондратьева ЛВ, Попкова ТВ. Ревматические проявления сахарного диабета. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2018;56(5):603-12. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-603-612 [Kondratyeva LV, Popkova TV. Rheumatic manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2018;56(5):603-12. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-603-612 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паневин ТС, Молашенко НВ, Трошина ЕА, Головенко ЕН. Аутоиммунный полигландулярный синдром взрослых: современные представления о предикторах развития поражения миокарда и диагностике компонентов заболевания. Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология. 2018;14(2):92-9. doi: 10.14341/ket9641 [Panevin TS, Molashenko NV, Troshina EA, Golovenko EN. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of adults: current ideas about predictors development of damage of a myocardium and diagnostics of components of a disease. Klinicheskaya i Eksperimental'naya Tireoidologiya = Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology. 2018;14(2):92-9. doi: 10.14341/ket9641 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Паневин ТС, Молашенко НВ, Трошина ЕА, Головенко ЕН. Аутоиммунный полигландулярный синдром взрослых: современные представления о предикторах развития поражения миокарда и диагностике компонентов заболевания. Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология. 2018;14(2):92-9. doi: 10.14341/ket9641 [Panevin TS, Molashenko NV, Troshina EA, Golovenko EN. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of adults: current ideas about predictors development of damage of a myocardium and diagnostics of components of a disease. Klinicheskaya i Eksperimental'naya Tireoidologiya = Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology. 2018;14(2):92-9. doi: 10.14341/ket9641 (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramchurn N, Mashamba C, Leitch E, et al. Upper limb musculoskeletal abnormalities and poor metabolic control in diabetes. Eur J Intern Med. 2009;20:718-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2009.08.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramchurn N, Mashamba C, Leitch E, et al. Upper limb musculoskeletal abnormalities and poor metabolic control in diabetes. Eur J Intern Med. 2009;20:718-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2009.08.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Francia P, Gulisano M, Anichini R, Seghieri G. Diabetic foot and exercise therapy: step by step the role of rigid posture and biomechanics treatment. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2014;10:86-99. doi: 10.2174/1573399810666140507112536</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Francia P, Gulisano M, Anichini R, Seghieri G. Diabetic foot and exercise therapy: step by step the role of rigid posture and biomechanics treatment. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2014;10:86-99. doi: 10.2174/1573399810666140507112536</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawall H, Diehm C. Diabetic foot syndrome from the perspective of angiology and diabetology. Orthopade. 2009;38:1149-15. doi: 10.1007/s00132-009-1501-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawall H, Diehm C. Diabetic foot syndrome from the perspective of angiology and diabetology. Orthopade. 2009;38:1149-15. doi: 10.1007/s00132-009-1501-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim JB, Song BW, Park S, et al. Alagebrium chloride, a novel advanced glycation endproduct cross linkage breaker, inhibits neointimal proliferation in a diabetic rat carotid balloon injury model. Korean Circ J. 2010;40:520-6. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.10.520</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim JB, Song BW, Park S, et al. Alagebrium chloride, a novel advanced glycation endproduct cross linkage breaker, inhibits neointimal proliferation in a diabetic rat carotid balloon injury model. Korean Circ J. 2010;40:520-6. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.10.520</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Engelen L, Stehouwer CD, Schalkwijk CG. Current therapeutic interventions in the glycation pathway: evidence from clinical studies. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013;15:677-89. doi: 10.1111/dom.12058</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Engelen L, Stehouwer CD, Schalkwijk CG. Current therapeutic interventions in the glycation pathway: evidence from clinical studies. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013;15:677-89. doi: 10.1111/dom.12058</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Katakami N, Matsuhisa M, Kaneto H, et al. Serum endogenous secretory RAGE level is an independent risk factor for the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes. Atherosclerosis. 2009;204:288-92. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.08.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katakami N, Matsuhisa M, Kaneto H, et al. Serum endogenous secretory RAGE level is an independent risk factor for the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes. Atherosclerosis. 2009;204:288-92. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.08.026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hudson BI, Bucciarelli LG, Wendt T, et al. Blockade of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts: a new target for therapeutic intervention in diabetic complications and inflammatory disorders. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003;419:80-8. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2003.08.030</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hudson BI, Bucciarelli LG, Wendt T, et al. Blockade of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts: a new target for therapeutic intervention in diabetic complications and inflammatory disorders. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003;419:80-8. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2003.08.030</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
