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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2020-353-367</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-2923</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LEADING ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Коронавирусная болезнь 2019 (COVID-19) и иммуновоспалительные ревматические заболевания: на перекрестке проблем тромбовоспаления и аутоиммунитета</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases: at the crossroads of thromboinflammation and autoimmunity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny Nasonov </p><p>34А, Kashirskoye shose, Moscow 115522</p><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build 2 Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nasonov@irramn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2641-9785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекетова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beketova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-2522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетняк</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnyak</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>125993, Москва, Баррикадная ул., дом 2/1, строение 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34А, Kashirskoye shose, Moscow 115522 </p><p>2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Build 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А;</p><p>125993, Москва, Баррикадная ул., дом 2/1, строение 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34А, Kashirskoye shose, Moscow 115522 </p><p>2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Build 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3248-6426</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьева</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananieva</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисицина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisitsyna</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-1732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soloviev</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>VA Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, MOH (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>VA Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>VA Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; &#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Prefessional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>VA Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>353</fpage><lpage>367</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Насонов Е.Л., Бекетова Т.В., Решетняк Т.М., Лила А.М., Ананьева Л.П., Лисицина Т.А., Соловьев С.К., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Насонов Е.Л., Бекетова Т.В., Решетняк Т.М., Лила А.М., Ананьева Л.П., Лисицина Т.А., Соловьев С.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nasonov E.L., Beketova T.V., Reshetnyak T.M., Lila A.M., Ananieva L.P., Lisitsyna T.A., Soloviev S.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2923">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2923</self-uri><abstract><p>Воспаление и свертывание крови составляют основу защиты организма от потенциально патогенных механических и биологических воздействий внешней и внутренней среды. Неконтролируемое воспаление приводит к гиперкоагуляции, подавлению антикоагуляции и нарушению процессов, контролирующих разрешение (resolution) воспаления, а образование «прокоагулянтных» медиаторов (тромбин, тканевой фактор и др.), активация тромбоцитов и клеток эндотелия сосудов (ЭК) поддерживает развитие воспаления. Все это, вместе взятое, составляет основу гетерогенного по своей природе патологического процесса, получившего название «тромбовоспаление» (thromboinflammation), или «иммунотромбоз» (immunothrombosis). В настоящее время «тромбовоспаление» в широком смысле слова рассматривается как универсальный патогенетический механизм многих широко распространенных острых и хронических заболеваний, в том числе иммуновоспалительных (аутоиммунных) ревматических заболеваний (ИВРЗ), нередко осложняющихся тяжелым, необратимым повреждением жизненно важных внутренних органов. Интерес к проблеме тромбовоспаления особенно возрос в период пандемии коронавирусной болезни 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019; СOVID-19), связанной с вирусом SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2). В настоящее время тяжелый COVID-19 рассматривается как системный «тромбовоспалительный» синдром, получивший предварительное название COVID-19-ассоциированная коагулопатия, проявляющаяся развитием микро- и макроcосудистых тромбозов венозного и артериального русла. Обсуждаются общие патогенетические механизмы коагулопатии при COVID-19 и ИВРЗ, связанные с «дисрегуляцией» синтеза «провоспалительных» цитокинов, активацией системы комплемента, гиперпродукцией антифосфолипидных антител (аФЛ), и др. Гипотетически выделяется «аутоиммунный» субтип тромбовоспаления, идентификация генетических факторов (например, гены системы комплемента и др.) которых могут быть связаны с риском развития COVID-19-коагулопатии. Знания, накопленные в ревматологии в отношении механизмов развития тромбовоспаления при ИВРЗ и их фармакотерапии, будут способствовать разработке более эффективной, персонифицированной стратегии лечения COVID-19. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Inflammation and coagulation are key basic mechanism of protection against all potentially pathogenic mechanical and biological factors targeting human organism from inner and outer environment. On the other hand, uncontrolled inflammation results in hypercoagulation, inhibition of anticoagulation and alteration of mechanisms responsible for resolution of inflammation, while production of “procoagulant” mediators (thrombin, tissue factor and others), activation of platelets and of vascular endothelial cells maintains inflammation. All factors taken together serve as the basis for a pathological process called thromboinflammation or immunothrombosis. Currently thromboinflammation is considered in the broad sense as a universal pathogenetic mechanism of numerous widespread acute and chronic conditions, including immune-mediated (autoimmune) inflammatory rheumatic diseases, oftentimes complicated by severe irreversible damage to vital organs. Thromboinflammation gained specific attention during СОVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, caused by SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2). COVID-19 is considered currently as systemic thromboinflammation syndrome, manifesting via generalized thrombosis of arterial and venous macro- and microvasculature, termed as COVID-19-coagulopathy. The paper discusses common pathogenetic coagulopathy mechanisms in COVID-19 and immune-mediated (autoimmune) inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IMRDs), associated with overproduction of antiphospholipid antibodies, activation of the complement system, and dis-regulated synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, etc. Delineating the autoimmune subtype of thromboinflammation, identification of genetic (i.e., genes encoding the complement system and others) and molecular-biologic biomarkers associated with higher occurrence of COVID-19-coagulopathy are the most relevant undertakings for the current practice. Gaining insights into mechanisms of thromboinflammation and converting them into potential pharmacotherapies of IMDs would facilitate and accelerate the drafting of effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбовоспаление</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>иммуновоспалительные ревматические заболевания</kwd><kwd>коагулопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thromboinflammation</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases</kwd><kwd>coagulopathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goeijenbier M, van Wissen M, van de Weg C, Jong E, Gerdes VE, et al. Viral infections and mechanisms of thrombosis and bleeding. 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