rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.47360/1995-4484-2020-428-436rsp-2932Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESСовременные представления о терапии увеитов при иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеванияхCurrent approaches to treatment of uveitis in immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseasehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-406XЛисицынаТ. А.LisitsynaT. A.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А

34A Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522  

talisitsyna@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-718XАлекбероваЗ. С.AlekberovaZ. S.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4215-7084ДавыдоваГ. А.DavydovaG. A.

105064, Москва, Садовая-Черногрязская ул., 14/19

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-2522РешетнякТ. М.ReshetnyakT. M.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-0374КатаргинаЛ. А.KatarginaL. A.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360НасоновЕ. Л.NasonovE. L.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34А 

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

34A Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522  

8, Trubetskaya St., Build 2 Moscow 119991

ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»РоссияVA Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian FederationФГБУ «Московский научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней имени Гельмгольца» Минздрава РоссииРоссияHelmholtz Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияVA Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation202004092020584428436Copyright © Лисицына Т.А., Алекберова З.С., Давыдова Г.А., Решетняк Т.М., Катаргина Л.А., Насонов Е.Л., 20202020Лисицына Т.А., Алекберова З.С., Давыдова Г.А., Решетняк Т.М., Катаргина Л.А., Насонов Е.Л.Lisitsyna T.A., Alekberova Z.S., Davydova G.A., Reshetnyak T.M., Katargina L.A., Nasonov E.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/2932

Неинфекционный увеит является ведущей и недостаточно изученной причиной необратимого снижения зрения у больных иммуновоспалительными ревматическими заболеваниями (ИВРЗ). Статья посвящена актуальным клиническим и терапевтическим вопросам, связанным с неинфекционным увеитом у больных ИВРЗ с акцентом на современные подходы к терапии. 

Non-infectious uveitis is the leading and insufficiently studied cause of irreversible decline in visual functions in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic disease (IMIRDs). A multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of uveitis in patients with IMIRDs, involving close collaboration of rheumatologists and ophthalmologists, is the key factor for achieving favorable clinical outcomes. This article sheds light on current clinical, differential diagnostic and therapeutic challenges related to non-infectious uveitis in IMIDs-patients, with specific emphasis on state-of-the art approaches to therapy. 

неинфекционный увеитиммуновоспалительные заболеванияспондилоартритболезнь Бехчетаювенильный идиопатический артритглюкокортикоидыметотрексатгенно-инженерные биологические препаратыnon-infectious uveitisimmune-mediated inflammatory diseasesspondyloarthritisBehcet’s diseasejuvenile idiopathic arthritisbiologicsРабота выполнена в рамках научной темы рег. № НИОКТР АААА-А19-119021190151-3.ReferencesНеинфекционные увеиты. Клинические рекомендации ООО «Ассоциация врачей-офтальмологов», ООО «Общество офтальмологов России», 2019 г. http://avo-portal.ru/doc/fkr/development/item/343-neinfektsionnye-uveity; https://oor.ru/vracham/klrek/proekt-klinicheskikh-rekomendatsiyneinfektsionnye-uveity-dlya-obsuzhdeniya/Non-infectious uveitis. Clinical guidelines LLC “Association of Ophthalmologists”, LLC “Society of Ophthalmologists of Russia”2019 г. http://avo-portal.ru/doc/fkr/development/item/343-neinfektsionnye-uveity; https://oor.ru/vracham/klrek/proekt-klinicheskikh-rekomendatsiy-neinfektsionnye-uveity-dlya-obsuzhdeniya/ (in Russ)Rosenbaum JT, Bodaghi B, Couto C, Zierhut M, Acharya N, Pavesio C, Tay-Kearney ML, Neri P, Douglas K, Pathai S, Song AP, Kron M, Foster CS. New observations and emerging ideas in diagnosis and management of non-infectious uveitis: A review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2019; 49(3): 438-445 doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.06.004Rosenbaum JT, Bodaghi B, Couto C, Zierhut M, Acharya N, Pavesio C, Tay-Kearney ML, Neri P, Douglas K, Pathai S, Song AP, Kron M, Foster CS. New observations and emerging ideas in diagnosis and management of non-infectious uveitis: A review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2019; 49(3): 438-445 doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.06.004Jabs DA, Nussenblatt RB, Rosenbaum JT. Standardiza-tion of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group. Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the First International Workshop. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;140(3):509-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.03.057Jabs DA, Nussenblatt RB, Rosenbaum JT. Standardiza-tion of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group. Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the First International Workshop. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;140(3):509-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.03.057Deschenes J, Murray P, Rao N, Nussenblatt R. International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG) Clinical Classification of Uveitis. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation. 2008; 16(1-2): 1-2. doi:10.1080/09273940801899822Deschenes J, Murray P, Rao N, Nussenblatt R. International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG) Clinical Classification of Uveitis. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation. 2008; 16(1-2): 1-2. doi:10.1080/09273940801899822Tsirouki T, Dastiridou A, Symeonidis C, et al. A Focus on the Epidemiology of Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018; 26 (1): 2-16. doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1196713Tsirouki T, Dastiridou A, Symeonidis C, et al. A Focus on the Epidemiology of Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018; 26 (1): 2-16. doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1196713Chora I, Borges T, Dias C, Ourique C, Vilaça J, et al. Clinical Management of Uveitis in Systemic Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases in Adults. Autoimmun Infec Dis. 2015; 1 (1): doi http://dx.doi.org/10.16966/2470-1025.104Chora I, Borges T, Dias C, Ourique C, Vilaça J, et al. Clinical Management of Uveitis in Systemic Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases in Adults. Autoimmun Infec Dis. 2015; 1 (1): doi http://dx.doi.org/10.16966/2470-1025.104Juanola X, Loza Santamaria E, Cordero-Coma M. Sentinel Working Group. Description and prevalence of spondyloarthritis in patients with anterior uveitis: the SENTINEL Interdisciplinary Collaborative Project. Ophthalmology. 2016; 123: 1632–6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.03.010Juanola X, Loza Santamaria E, Cordero-Coma M. Sentinel Working Group. Description and prevalence of spondyloarthritis in patients with anterior uveitis: the SENTINEL Interdisciplinary Collaborative Project. Ophthalmology. 2016; 123: 1632–6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.03.010Forrester JV, Kuffova L, Dick AD. Autoimmunity, Autoinflammation, and Infection in Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmology. 2018;189:77-85. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2018.02.019Forrester JV, Kuffova L, Dick AD. Autoimmunity, Autoinflammation, and Infection in Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmology. 2018;189:77-85. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2018.02.019Zhong Z, Su G, Kijlstra A, Yang P. Activation of the interleukin-23/interleukin-17 signalling pathway in autoinflammatory and autoimmune uveitis. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2020;100866. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100866Zhong Z, Su G, Kijlstra A, Yang P. Activation of the interleukin-23/interleukin-17 signalling pathway in autoinflammatory and autoimmune uveitis. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2020;100866. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100866Dick AD, Rosenbaum JT, Al-Dhibi HA, et al. Guidance on Noncorticosteroid Systemic Immunomodulatory Therapy in Noninfectious Uveitis: Fundamentals Of Care for UveitiS (FOCUS) Initiative. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (5): 757–773. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.11.017Dick AD, Rosenbaum JT, Al-Dhibi HA, et al. Guidance on Noncorticosteroid Systemic Immunomodulatory Therapy in Noninfectious Uveitis: Fundamentals Of Care for UveitiS (FOCUS) Initiative. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (5): 757–773. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.11.017Valenzuela RA, Flores I, Urrutia B, et al. New Pharmacological Strategies for the Treatment of Non-Infectious Uveitis. A Minireview. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:655. Published 2020 May 8. doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00655Valenzuela RA, Flores I, Urrutia B, et al. New Pharmacological Strategies for the Treatment of Non-Infectious Uveitis. A Minireview. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:655. Published 2020 May 8. doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00655Choi J, Hawley DP, Ashworth J, Edelsten C, Bossuyt ASAM. An update on the modern management of paediatric uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019;103(12):1685-1689. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314212Choi J, Hawley DP, Ashworth J, Edelsten C, Bossuyt ASAM. An update on the modern management of paediatric uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019;103(12):1685-1689. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314212Touhami S, Diwo E, Sève P, et al. Expert opinion on the use of biological therapy in non-infectious uveitis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2019;19(5):477-490. doi:10.1080/14712598.2019.1595578Touhami S, Diwo E, Sève P, et al. Expert opinion on the use of biological therapy in non-infectious uveitis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2019;19(5):477-490. doi:10.1080/14712598.2019.1595578Hassan M, Karkhur S, Bae JH, Halim MS, Ormaechea MS, Onghanseng N, Nguyen NV, Afridi R, Sepah YJ, Do DV, Nguyen QD. New therapies in development for the management of non-infectious uveitis: A review. Clin. Experiment. Ophthalmol. 2019; 47: 396–417. doi: 10.1111/ceo.13511Hassan M, Karkhur S, Bae JH, Halim MS, Ormaechea MS, Onghanseng N, Nguyen NV, Afridi R, Sepah YJ, Do DV, Nguyen QD. New therapies in development for the management of non-infectious uveitis: A review. Clin. Experiment. Ophthalmol. 2019; 47: 396–417. doi: 10.1111/ceo.13511Kempen JH, Daniel E, Gangaputra S, Dreger K, Jabs DA, et al. Methods for identifying long-term adverse effects of treatment in patients with eye diseases: the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases (SITE) Cohort Study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2008; 15 (1): 47-55 doi: 10.1080/09286580701585892Kempen JH, Daniel E, Gangaputra S, Dreger K, Jabs DA, et al. Methods for identifying long-term adverse effects of treatment in patients with eye diseases: the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases (SITE) Cohort Study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2008; 15 (1): 47-55 doi: 10.1080/09286580701585892Larson T, Nussenblatt RB, Sen HN. Emerging drugs for uveitis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2011; 16 (2): 309-322. doi: 10.1517/14728214.2011.537824.Larson T, Nussenblatt RB, Sen HN. Emerging drugs for uveitis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2011; 16 (2): 309-322. doi: 10.1517/14728214.2011.537824.Schultz C. Voclosporin as a treatment for noninfectious uveitis. Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 2013; 5: 5-10. doi: 10.4137/OED.S7995Schultz C. Voclosporin as a treatment for noninfectious uveitis. Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 2013; 5: 5-10. doi: 10.4137/OED.S7995Leal I, Rodrigues FB, Sousa DC, et al. Anti-TNF Drugs for Chronic Uveitis in Adults-A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Med (Lausanne). 2019;6:104. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00104Leal I, Rodrigues FB, Sousa DC, et al. Anti-TNF Drugs for Chronic Uveitis in Adults-A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Med (Lausanne). 2019;6:104. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00104Ming S, Xie K, He H, Li Y, Lei B. Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in the treatment of non-infectious uveitis: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018;12:2005-2016. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S160431Ming S, Xie K, He H, Li Y, Lei B. Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in the treatment of non-infectious uveitis: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018;12:2005-2016. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S160431Thomas AS. Biologics for the treatment of noninfectious uveitis: current concepts and emerging therapeutics. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2019;30(3):138-150. doi:10.1097/ICU.0000000000000562Thomas AS. Biologics for the treatment of noninfectious uveitis: current concepts and emerging therapeutics. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2019;30(3):138-150. doi:10.1097/ICU.0000000000000562Ahmed A, Foster CS. Cyclophosphamide or Rituximab Treatment of Scleritis and Uveitis for Patients with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. Ophthalmic Res. 2019;61(1):44-50. doi:10.1159/000486791Ahmed A, Foster CS. Cyclophosphamide or Rituximab Treatment of Scleritis and Uveitis for Patients with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. Ophthalmic Res. 2019;61(1):44-50. doi:10.1159/000486791Urruticoechea-Arana A, Cobo-Ibáñez T, Villaverde-García V, et al. Efficacy and safety of biological therapy compared to synthetic immunomodulatory drugs or placebo in the treatment of Behçet’s disease associated uveitis: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int. 2019;39(1):47-58. doi:10.1007/s00296-018-4193-zUrruticoechea-Arana A, Cobo-Ibáñez T, Villaverde-García V, et al. Efficacy and safety of biological therapy compared to synthetic immunomodulatory drugs or placebo in the treatment of Behçet’s disease associated uveitis: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int. 2019;39(1):47-58. doi:10.1007/s00296-018-4193-zKarkhur S, Hasanreisoglu M, Vigil E, et al. Interleukin-6 inhibition in the management of non-infectious uveitis and beyond. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2019;9(1):17. doi:10.1186/s12348- 019-0182-yKarkhur S, Hasanreisoglu M, Vigil E, et al. Interleukin-6 inhibition in the management of non-infectious uveitis and beyond. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2019;9(1):17. doi:10.1186/s12348- 019-0182-ySepah YJ, Sadiq MA, Chu DS, et al. Primary (Month-6) Outcomes of the STOP-Uveitis Study: Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Patients With Noninfectious Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017;183:71-80. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2017.08.019Sepah YJ, Sadiq MA, Chu DS, et al. Primary (Month-6) Outcomes of the STOP-Uveitis Study: Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Patients With Noninfectious Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017;183:71-80. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2017.08.019Heissigerová J, Callanan D, de Smet MD, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Sarilumab for the Treatment of Posterior Segment Noninfectious Uveitis (SARIL-NIU): The Phase 2 SATURN Study. Ophthalmology. 2019;126(3):428-437. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.09.044Heissigerová J, Callanan D, de Smet MD, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Sarilumab for the Treatment of Posterior Segment Noninfectious Uveitis (SARIL-NIU): The Phase 2 SATURN Study. Ophthalmology. 2019;126(3):428-437. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.09.044Dick AD, Tugal-Tutkun l, Foster S, Zierhut M, Liew SHM, Bezlyak V, Androudi S. Secukinumab in the Treatment of Noninfectious Uveitis: Results of Three Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials. Ophthalmology. 2013; 120: 777-787 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.040Dick AD, Tugal-Tutkun l, Foster S, Zierhut M, Liew SHM, Bezlyak V, Androudi S. Secukinumab in the Treatment of Noninfectious Uveitis: Results of Three Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials. Ophthalmology. 2013; 120: 777-787 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.040Sieper J, Poddubnyy D. Axial spondyloarthritis. Lancet. 2017;390(10089):73-84. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31591-4Sieper J, Poddubnyy D. Axial spondyloarthritis. Lancet. 2017;390(10089):73-84. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31591-4Molto A, Sieper J. Peripheral spondyloarthritis: Concept, diagnosis and treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(3):357-368. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2019.02.010Molto A, Sieper J. Peripheral spondyloarthritis: Concept, diagnosis and treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(3):357-368. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2019.02.010Rudwaleit M, Landewe R, van der Heijde D, et al. The development of assessment of spondyloarthritis international society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009; 68: 777-83. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.1082335Rudwaleit M, Landewe R, van der Heijde D, et al. The development of assessment of spondyloarthritis international society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009; 68: 777-83. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.1082335Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewe R, et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis and for spon-dyloarthritis in general. Ann Rheum Dis. 201; 70 (1): 25-31. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.133645Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewe R, et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis and for spon-dyloarthritis in general. Ann Rheum Dis. 201; 70 (1): 25-31. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.133645Murray PI, Rauz S. The eye and inflammatory rheumatic diseases: The eye and rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2016;30(5):802- 825. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2016.10.007Murray PI, Rauz S. The eye and inflammatory rheumatic diseases: The eye and rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2016;30(5):802- 825. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2016.10.007Годзенко АА, Бочкова АГ, Румянцева ОА и др. Течение и исходы увеита у больных анкилозирующим спондилитом. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2014;52(5):520–525. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2014-520-525.Godzenko AA, Bochkova AG, Rumyantseva OA, et al. Progression and outcomes of uveitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya= Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2014; 52(5): 520–525. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2014-520-525.Sharma SM, Jackson D. Uveitis and spondyloarthropathies. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2017;31(6):846-862. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2018.08.002Sharma SM, Jackson D. Uveitis and spondyloarthropathies. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2017;31(6):846-862. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2018.08.002Mitulescu TC, Trandafir M, Dimăncescu MG, et al. Advances in the treatment of uveitis in patients with spondyloarthritis - is it the time for biologic therapy? Rom J Ophthalmol. 2018;62(2):114-122Mitulescu TC, Trandafir M, Dimăncescu MG, et al. Advances in the treatment of uveitis in patients with spondyloarthritis - is it the time for biologic therapy? Rom J Ophthalmol. 2018;62(2):114-122Mugheddu C, Atzori L, Del Piano M, et al. Successful ustekinumab treatment of noninfectious uveitis and concomitant severe psoriatic arthritis and plaque psoriasis. Dermatol Ther. 2017; 30(5): e12527. doi: 10.1111/dth.12527Mugheddu C, Atzori L, Del Piano M, et al. Successful ustekinumab treatment of noninfectious uveitis and concomitant severe psoriatic arthritis and plaque psoriasis. Dermatol Ther. 2017; 30(5): e12527. doi: 10.1111/dth.12527Бекетова ТВ. Системные васкулиты. Российские клинические рекомендации. Ревматология. под ред. Е.Л. Насонова. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2017. С.180–205.Beketova TV. Systemic vasculitis. Russian clinical guidelines. Rheumatology. ed. E.L. Nasonov. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2017. С.180–205. (in Russ)Watts RA, Robson J. Introduction, epidemiology and classification of vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(1):3- 20. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2018.10.003Watts RA, Robson J. Introduction, epidemiology and classification of vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(1):3- 20. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2018.10.003Tugal-Tutkun I. Systemic vasculitis and the eye. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(1):24-32. doi:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000345Tugal-Tutkun I. Systemic vasculitis and the eye. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(1):24-32. doi:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000345Лисицына ТА, Алекберова ЗС, Голоева РГ, Давыдова ГА. Болезнь Бехчета: клинические проявления, современные принципы диагностики и терапии. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2019; 57(5): 553-563. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-553-563Lisitsyna TA, Alekberova ZS, Goloeva RG, Davydova GA. Behcet’s disease: clinical manifestations, current principles of diagnosis and therapy. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2019; 57(5): 553-563 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-553-563Yazici H, Seyahi E, Hatemi G, Yazici Y. Behçet syndrome: a contemporary view [published correction appears in Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018 Jan 24;14 (2):119]. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018;14(2):107-119. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.208Yazici H, Seyahi E, Hatemi G, Yazici Y. Behçet syndrome: a contemporary view [published correction appears in Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018 Jan 24;14 (2):119]. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018;14(2):107-119. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.208Ksiaa I, Abroug N, Kechida M, et al. Eye and Behçet’s disease. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2019;42(4):e133-e146. doi:10.1016/j.jfo.2019.02.002Ksiaa I, Abroug N, Kechida M, et al. Eye and Behçet’s disease. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2019;42(4):e133-e146. doi:10.1016/j.jfo.2019.02.002Hatemi G, Christensen R, Bang D, et al. 2018 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of Behçet’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(6):808-818. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213225Hatemi G, Christensen R, Bang D, et al. 2018 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of Behçet’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(6):808-818. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213225Лисицына ТА, Алекберова ЗС, Голоева РГ. Новые рекомендации по ведению пациентов с болезнью/синдромом Бехчета (EULAR, 2018). Научно-практическая ревматология. 2019; 57(2):133-141. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-133-141Lisitsyna TA, Alekberova ZS, Goloeva RG. New guidelines for the management of patients with Behcet’s disease/syndrome (EULAR, 2018). Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2019; 57(2):133-141 (In Russ.) doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-133-141Uke P, Gorodkin R, Beare N. Biologic therapy for Behçet’s uveitis: a systematic review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;104(8):1045-1051. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314154Uke P, Gorodkin R, Beare N. Biologic therapy for Behçet’s uveitis: a systematic review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;104(8):1045-1051. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314154Botsios C, Sfriso P, Furlan A, Punzi L, Dinarello CA. Resistant Behcet disease responsive to anakinra. Ann Intern Med. 2008; 149 (4):284-286. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-149-4-200808190-00018Botsios C, Sfriso P, Furlan A, Punzi L, Dinarello CA. Resistant Behcet disease responsive to anakinra. Ann Intern Med. 2008; 149 (4):284-286. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-149-4-200808190-00018Ugurlu S, Ucar D, Seyahi E, Hatemi G, Yurdakul S. Canakinumab in a patient with juve-nile Behcet’s syndrome with refractory eye disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012; 71(9): 1589-1591. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201383Ugurlu S, Ucar D, Seyahi E, Hatemi G, Yurdakul S. Canakinumab in a patient with juve-nile Behcet’s syndrome with refractory eye disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012; 71(9): 1589-1591. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201383Lopalco G, Fabiani C, Venerito V, Lapadula G, Iannone F, Cantarini L. Ustekinumab efficacy and safety in mucocutaneous multi-refractory Behcet’s disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017; 35 (6 suppl 108):130-131Lopalco G, Fabiani C, Venerito V, Lapadula G, Iannone F, Cantarini L. Ustekinumab efficacy and safety in mucocutaneous multi-refractory Behcet’s disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017; 35 (6 suppl 108):130-131Tugal-Tutkun I, Pavesio C, De Cordoue A, et al. Use of gevokizumab in patients with Behcet’s disease uveitis: an international, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study and openlabel extension study. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018; 25:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1421233Tugal-Tutkun I, Pavesio C, De Cordoue A, et al. Use of gevokizumab in patients with Behcet’s disease uveitis: an international, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study and openlabel extension study. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018; 25:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1421233Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2016;388(10055):2023-38. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30173-8Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2016;388(10055):2023-38. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30173-8Prakken B, Albani S, Martini A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Lancet. 2011;377(9783):2138-2149. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60244-4Prakken B, Albani S, Martini A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Lancet. 2011;377(9783):2138-2149. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60244-4Sen ES, Ramanan AV. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Clin Immunol. 2020;211:108322. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2019.108322Sen ES, Ramanan AV. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Clin Immunol. 2020;211:108322. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2019.108322Ferrara G, Mastrangelo G, Barone P, et al. Methotrexate in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: advice and recommendations from the MARAJIA expert consensus meeting. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2018;16(1):46. doi:10.1186/s12969-018-0255-8Ferrara G, Mastrangelo G, Barone P, et al. Methotrexate in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: advice and recommendations from the MARAJIA expert consensus meeting. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2018;16(1):46. doi:10.1186/s12969-018-0255-8Constantin T, Foeldvari I, Anton J, et al. Consensus-based recommendations for the management of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the SHARE initiative. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(8):1107-1117. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213131Constantin T, Foeldvari I, Anton J, et al. Consensus-based recommendations for the management of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the SHARE initiative. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(8):1107-1117. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213131Катаргина ЛА, Бржеский ВВ, Гусева МР, Денисова ЕВ, Дроздова ЕА, Жукова ОВ, Никишина ИП, Старикова АВ. Федеральные клинические рекомендации «Диагностика и лечение увеитов, ассоциированных с ювенильным идиопатическим артритом». Российская педиатрическая офтальмология. 2016; 11 (2): 102-111. doi: 10.18821/1993-1859-2016-11-2-102-111Katargina LA, Brzhesky BB, Guseva Mr, Denisova EV, Drozdova EA, Zhukova OV, Nikishina IP, Starikova AV. The federal clinical guidelines on «The diagnostics and treatment of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis» Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology. 2016; 11(2): 102-11 (In Russ.) doi: 10.18821/1993-1859-2016-11-2-102-111Heiligenhaus A, Minden K, Tappeiner C, Baus H, Bertram B, Deuter C, et al. Update of the evidence based, interdisciplinary guideline for antiinflammatory treatment of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2019; 49: 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.11.004Heiligenhaus A, Minden K, Tappeiner C, Baus H, Bertram B, Deuter C, et al. Update of the evidence based, interdisciplinary guideline for antiinflammatory treatment of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2019; 49: 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.11.004Соловьев СК, Асеева ЕА, Попкова ТВ, Лила АМ, Мазуров ВИ, Насонов ЕЛ. Системная красная волчанка: новые горизонты диагностики и терапии. Научнопрактическая ревматология. 2020; 58(1): 5-14. doi:10.14412/1995-4484-2020-5-14Solovyev SK, Aseeva EA, Popkova TV, Lila AM, Mazurov VI, Nasonov EL. Systemic lupus erythematosus: new horizons for diagnosis and therapy. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya= Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2020;58(1):5-14. (In Russ.). doi:10.14412/1995-4484-2020-5-14Dörner T, Furie R. Novel paradigms in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 2019;393(10188):2344-2358. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30546-XDörner T, Furie R. Novel paradigms in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 2019;393(10188):2344-2358. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30546-XCunningham ET, Tabbara KF, Zierhut M. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Eye. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(8):1143-1145. doi:10.1080/09273948.2018.1539589Cunningham ET, Tabbara KF, Zierhut M. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Eye. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(8):1143-1145. doi:10.1080/09273948.2018.1539589Krainer J, Siebenhandl S, Weinhäusel A. Systemic autoinflammatory diseases. J Autoimmun. 2020;109:102421. doi:10.1016/j. jaut.2020.102421Krainer J, Siebenhandl S, Weinhäusel A. Systemic autoinflammatory diseases. J Autoimmun. 2020;109:102421. doi:10.1016/j. jaut.2020.102421Georgin-Lavialle S, Ducharme-Benard S, Sarrabay G, Savey L, Grateau G, Hentgen V. Systemic autoinflammatory diseases: Clinical state of the art. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2020;101529. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2020.101529Georgin-Lavialle S, Ducharme-Benard S, Sarrabay G, Savey L, Grateau G, Hentgen V. Systemic autoinflammatory diseases: Clinical state of the art. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2020;101529. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2020.101529Салугина СО, Кузьмина НН, Федоров ЕС. Аутовоспалительные синдромы – «новая» мультидисциплинарная проблема педиатрии и ревматологии. Педиатрия 2012; 91 (5): 120-132.Salugina SO, Kuzmina NN, Fedorov ES. Auto-inflammatory syndromes – a «new» multidisciplinary problem in pediatrics and rheumatology. Pediatria= Pediatrics. 2012; 91 (5): 120-132 (In Russ.)Hausmann JS. Targeting cytokines to treat autoinflammatory diseases. Clin Immunol. 2019;206:23-32. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2018.10.016Hausmann JS. Targeting cytokines to treat autoinflammatory diseases. Clin Immunol. 2019;206:23-32. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2018.10.016

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.