rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.47360/1995-4484-2021-119-128rsp-3013Research ArticleПЕРЕДОВАЯLEADING ARTICLEПроблемы ранней системной красной волчанки в период пандемии COVID-19Problems of early diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus during the COVID-19 pandemichttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360НасоновЕ. Л.NasonovE. L.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2

nasonov@irramn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-4689ПопковаТ. В.PopkovaT. V.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1053-6952ПанафидинаТ. А.PanafidinaT. A.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)Russian FederationФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian Federation202110052021592119128Copyright © Насонов Е.Л., Попкова Т.В., Панафидина Т.А., 20212021Насонов Е.Л., Попкова Т.В., Панафидина Т.А.Nasonov E.L., Popkova T.V., Panafidina T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3013

Системная красная волчанка (СКВ) – аутоиммунное ревматическое заболевание неизвестной этиологии, характеризующееся гиперпродукцией органонеспецифических аутоантител к различным компонентам клеточного ядра и цитоплазмы и развитием иммуновоспалительных повреждений внутренних органов. Дебюту СКВ предшествует бессимптомный период, характеризующийся нарушениями иммунологической толерантности к собственным аутоантигенам, определяющимися многоплановым взаимодействием внешнесредовых, генетических и эпигенетических факторов, гормональными нарушениями, патологией микробиома, стрессорными воздействиями и др. Развитие определенного спектра характерных для СКВ клинических симптомов наряду с обнаружением «волчаночных» аутоантител отражает прогрессирование иммунопатологического процесса при СКВ, однако общепризнанный термин, определяющий состояние пациента, имеющее отдельные серологические и клинические признаки, характерные для этого заболевания, отсутствует. В ревматологии в настоящее время наиболее часто используется понятие «неполная» СКВ. Рассматриваются проблемы ранней диагностики СКВ, клинические и лабораторные «предикторы» трансформации «неполной» СКВ в «достоверную» СКВ, сложности диагностики СКВ в период пандемии COVID-19. Особое внимание уделено сравнительной характеристике иммунопатологических механизмов СКВ и COVID-19.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease of unknown etiology, characterized by overproduction of organ-nonspecific autoantibodies to various components of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm and the development of immune-inflammatory damage to internal organs. The debut of SLE is preceded by an asymptomatic period, characterized by impaired immunological tolerance to its own autoantigens, determined by the multifaceted interaction of external, genetic and epigenetic factors, hormonal disorders, microbiome pathology, stress effects, etc. Development of a certain spectrum of clinical symptoms characteristic of SLE along with the detection of a reflects the progression of the immunopathological process in SLE, however, there is no generally accepted term that defines the patient’s condition, which has individual serological and clinical signs characteristic of this disease. In rheumatology, the concept of «incomplete» SLE is currently most often used. The problems of early diagnosis of SLE, clinical and laboratory predictors of the transformation of “incomplete” SLE into “reliable” SLE, difficulties in diagnosing SLE during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered. Particular attention is paid to the comparative characteristics of the immunopathological mechanisms of SLE and COVID-19.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.