<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2021-225-228</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3026</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трудности генно-инженерной биологической терапии у пациента с активным ревматоидным артритом и вторичным амилоидозом с поражением почек (описание клинического случая)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Difficulties of biological therapy in the patient with active rheumatoid arthritis and secondary renal amyloidosis: A report of clinical case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3485-8817</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипянц</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipyants</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипянц Рита Александровна</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6129327, Москва, ул. Ленская, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rita A. Osipyants</p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 6129327, Moscow, Lenskaya str., 15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pchelka_maya.07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9935-2126</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каневская</surname><given-names>М. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanevskaya</surname><given-names>M. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129327, Москва, ул. Ленская, 15119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Z. Kanevskaya</p><p>129327, Russian Federation, Moscow, Lenskaya str., 15119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-0315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6129327, Москва, ул. Ленская, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia L. Kozlovskaya</p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 6129327, Moscow, Lenskaya str., 15</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8927-5841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демьянова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyanova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6129327, Москва, ул. Ленская, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya A. Demyanova</p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 6129327, Moscow, Lenskaya str., 15</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7233-3013</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maryam M. Saidova</p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-8849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспалова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129327, Москва, ул. Ленская, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Bespalova</p><p>129327, Moscow, Lenskaya str., 15</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4219-8548</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирилашвили</surname><given-names>Т. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirilashvili</surname><given-names>T. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129327, Москва, ул. Ленская, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Temuri Sh. Mirilashvili</p><p>129327, Moscow, Lenskaya str., 15</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. А.К. Ерамишанцева Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN); City Clinical Hospital named after A.K. Eramishantsev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. А.К. Ерамишанцева Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital named after A.K. Eramishantsev; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. А.К. Ерамишанцева Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital named after A.K. Eramishantsev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>225</fpage><lpage>228</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осипянц Р.А., Каневская М.З., Козловская Н.Л., Демьянова К.А., Саидова М.М., Беспалова А.В., Мирилашвили Т.Ш., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осипянц Р.А., Каневская М.З., Козловская Н.Л., Демьянова К.А., Саидова М.М., Беспалова А.В., Мирилашвили Т.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osipyants R.A., Kanevskaya M.Z., Kozlovskaya N.L., Demyanova K.A., Saidova M.M., Bespalova A.V., Mirilashvili T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3026">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3026</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлено клиническое наблюдение пациента с активным ревматоидным артритом (РА), резистентным к стандартной базисной терапии, что послужило поводом для назначения ингибитора JAK (Janus kinase) тофацитиниба (Яквинус), а затем генно-инженерного биологического препарата (ГИБП), ингибитора рецепторов интерлейкина-6 (ИЛ-6) тоцилизумаба (Актемра). Данный клинический пример демонстрирует сочетание у одного пациента нескольких осложнений как самой болезни (амилоидной нефропатии с формированием нефротического синдрома (НС) в рамках вторичного АА-амилоидоза), так и базисной терапии (развитие коморбидных инфекций в виде госпитальной пневмонии и инфекционного артрита коленного сустава). Высказывается предположение о дополнительном вкладе НС в развитие инфекционных осложнений у пациентов с РА, получающих иммуносупрессивную терапию. Обсуждаются современные возможности лечения резистентного к терапии РА и целесообразность раннего назначения ГИБП до развития необратимых осложнений, а также возможные трудности терапии, обусловленные иммуносупрессией. Подчеркивается важность профилактических мероприятий по иммунизации пневмококковой вакциной и необходимость коррекции нарушений системы гемостаза у пациентов с РА и НС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A clinical case of a patient with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) resistant to standard basic therapy is presented, which served as the reason for the appointment of the target drug – Janus kinase, tofacitinib (Jaquinus) and then biological therapy using anti-IL6 receptor antibody tocilizumab (Actemra). This clinical example demonstrates the patient with the presence of several complications, both the course of the disease – amyloid nephropathy with the development of nephrotic syndrome (NS) as a manifestation of secondary amyloidosis with kidney damage, as well as basic therapy – the presence of comorbid infections with hospital pneumonia and infectious (septic) knee arthritis.An additional contribution of NS to the development of infectious complications in patients with RA receiving immunosuppressive therapy is supposed. Current treatment options for resistant RA and the feasibility of early use of biologics before the development of irreversible complications, as well as the difficulties of therapy and the complications associated with immunosuppression are discussed. Preventive measures for immunization with the anti-pneumococcal vaccine and the need to correct hemostatic disorders in patients with RA and NS are important.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>АА-амилоидоз</kwd><kwd>генно-инженерные биологические препараты</kwd><kwd>коморбидные инфекции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>AA-amyloidosis</kwd><kwd>biologics</kwd><kwd>comorbid infections</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крель АА, Варшавский ВА, Каневская МЗ, Семейкина ОВ. Поражение почек у больных ревматоидным артритом. Терапевтический архив. 1990;(6):104-113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krel AA, Varshavskiy VA, Kanevskaya MZ, Semeykina OV. Kidney damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Terapevticheskii arkhiv = Therapeutic Archive. 1990;(6):104-113 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чеботарева НВ, Гуляев СВ, Андросова ТВ, Милованова ЛЮ. Хроническая болезнь почек у больных ревматоидным артритом: частота, факторы риска, варианты поражения почек. Терапевтический архив. 2019;91(5):129-133. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000255</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chebotareva NV, Guliaev SV, Androsova TV, Milivanova LYu. Chronic kidney disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Prevalence, risks factors, histopathological variants. Terapevticheskii arkhiv = Therapeutic Archive. 2019;91(5):129133 (In Russ.). doi: 10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000255</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kapoor T, Bathon J. Renal manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2018;44(4):571-584. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2018.06.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapoor T, Bathon J. Renal manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2018;44(4):571-584. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2018.06.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helin H, Korpela M, Mstonen J, Pasternack AI. Renal biopsy findings and clinicopathologic correlations in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1995;38(2):242-247. doi: 10.1002/art.1780380213</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helin H, Korpela M, Mstonen J, Pasternack AI. Renal biopsy findings and clinicopathologic correlations in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1995;38(2):242-247. doi: 10.1002/art.1780380213</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mueller OS. Amyloidosis. Current rheumatology diagnosis and treatment; 2 nd ed. USA; McGraw Hill;2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mueller OS. Amyloidosis. Current rheumatology diagnosis and treatment; 2 nd ed. USA; McGraw Hill;2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okuda Y. AA-amyloidosis – benefits and prospects of IL-6 inhibitors. Modern Rheum. 2019;29(2):268-274. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1515145</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okuda Y. AA-amyloidosis – benefits and prospects of IL-6 inhibitors. Modern Rheum. 2019;29(2):268-274. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1515145</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sato H, Sakai T, Sugaya T, Otaki Y, Aoki K, Ishii K, et al. Tocilizumab dramatically ameliorated life-threatening diarrhea due to secondary amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2009;28(9):1113-1116. doi: 10.1007/s10067-009-1185-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sato H, Sakai T, Sugaya T, Otaki Y, Aoki K, Ishii K, et al. Tocilizumab dramatically ameliorated life-threatening diarrhea due to secondary amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2009;28(9):1113-1116. doi: 10.1007/s10067-009-1185-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakamura T, Higashi S, Tomoda K, Tsukano M, Shono M. Etanercept can induce resolution of renal deterioration in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2010;29(12):1395-1401. doi: 10.1007/s10067-010-1469-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakamura T, Higashi S, Tomoda K, Tsukano M, Shono M. Etanercept can induce resolution of renal deterioration in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2010;29(12):1395-1401. doi: 10.1007/s10067-010-1469-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fernandez-Nebro A, Olive A, Castro MC, Varela AH, Riera E, Irigoyen MV, et al. Long-term TNF-alpha blockade in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis complicating rheumatic diseases. Am J Med. 2010;123(5):454-461. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.11.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fernandez-Nebro A, Olive A, Castro MC, Varela AH, Riera E, Irigoyen MV, et al. Long-term TNF-alpha blockade in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis complicating rheumatic diseases. Am J Med. 2010;123(5):454-461. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.11.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakamura T, Kumon Y, Hirata S, Takaoka H. Abatacept may be effective and safe in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014;32(4):501-508.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakamura T, Kumon Y, Hirata S, Takaoka H. Abatacept may be effective and safe in patients with amyloid A amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014;32(4):501-508.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vinicki J, De Rosa G, Laborder H. Renal amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis: remission of proteinuria and renal function improvement with tocilizumab. J Clin Rheumatol. 2013;19(4):211-213. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0b013e318293793c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinicki J, De Rosa G, Laborder H. Renal amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis: remission of proteinuria and renal function improvement with tocilizumab. J Clin Rheumatol. 2013;19(4):211-213. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0b013e318293793c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саркисова ИА, Рамеев ВВ, Козловская ЛВ. Ревматоидный артрит как основная причина АА-амилоидоза. Клиническая геронтология. 2009;(2):14-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarkisova IA, Rameev VV, Kozlovskaya LV. Rheumatoid arthritis as the main cause of AA amyloidosis. Klinicheskaya gerontologiya = Clinical gerontology. 2009;2:14-20 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuroda T, Wada Y, Nakano M. Diagnosis and treatment of AA-amyloidosis with rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art. Amyloidosis. 2013:187-212. doi: 10.5772/54332</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuroda T, Wada Y, Nakano M. Diagnosis and treatment of AA-amyloidosis with rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art. Amyloidosis. 2013:187-212. doi: 10.5772/54332</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okuda Y, Ymada T, Ueda M, Ando Y. First nationwide survey of 199 patients with amyloid A amyloidosis in Japan. Intern Med. 2018;57(23):3351-3355. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okuda Y, Ymada T, Ueda M, Ando Y. First nationwide survey of 199 patients with amyloid A amyloidosis in Japan. Intern Med. 2018;57(23):3351-3355. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Migita K, Izumi Y, Jiuchi Y, Kozuru H, Kawahara C, Izumi M, et al. Effect of Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib on circulating serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 during treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2014;175(2):208-214. doi: 10.1111/cei.12234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Migita K, Izumi Y, Jiuchi Y, Kozuru H, Kawahara C, Izumi M, et al. Effect of Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib on circulating serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 during treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2014;175(2):208-214. doi: 10.1111/cei.12234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов БС. Терапия генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами и инфекции у больных ревматоидным артритом: актуальность и перспективы. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2014;52(3):322-330. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2014-322-330</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov BS. Biological therapy and infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Relevance and prospects. Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2014;52(3):322-330 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2014-322-330</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов БС, Тарасова ГМ, Буханова ДВ. Коморбидные инфекции при ревматических заболеваниях. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2019;64:1-2. doi: 10.24411/0235W2990W2019W10009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov BS, Tarasova GM, Bukhanova DV. Comorbid infections in rheumatic diseases. Antibiotiki i khimioterapiya = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy. 2019;64:1-2 (In Russ.). doi: 10.24411/0235W2990W2019W10009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Campbell L, Chen C, Bhagat SS, Parker RA, Östör AJ. Risk of adverse events including serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tocilizumab: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2011;50(3):552-62. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq343.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Campbell L, Chen C, Bhagat SS, Parker RA, Östör AJ. Risk of adverse events including serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tocilizumab: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2011;50(3):552-62. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq343.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koike T, Harigai M, Inokuma S, Ishiguro N, Ryu J, Takeuchi T, et al. Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab: postmarketing surveillance of 7901 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Japan. J Rheumatol. 2014;41(1):15-23. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.130466</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koike T, Harigai M, Inokuma S, Ishiguro N, Ryu J, Takeuchi T, et al. Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab: postmarketing surveillance of 7901 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Japan. J Rheumatol. 2014;41(1):15-23. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.130466</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
