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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2022-280-298</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3172</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОГРЕСС В РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ В XXI ВЕКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROGRESS IN RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE XXI CENTURY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль интерлейкина 1 в развитии заболеваний человека: фокус на анакинре (рецепторном антагонисте ИЛ-1)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of interleukin 1 in the development of human diseases: focus on Anakinra (IL-1 receptor antagonist)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A; 119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nasonov@irramn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2685-1623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>280</fpage><lpage>298</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Насонов Е.Л., Самсонов М.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Насонов Е.Л., Самсонов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nasonov E.L., Samsonov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3172">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3172</self-uri><abstract><p>По современным представлениям, иммуновоспалительные заболевания (ИВЗ) человека в зависимости от преобладающих механизмов иммунопатогенеза разделяются на две основные категории – аутоиммунные и аутовоспалительные.</p><p>В то же время в патогенезе большинства ИВЗ принимают участие как аутоиммунные, так и аутовоспалительные механизмы, сложное взаимодействие которых находит отражение в полиморфизме клинических проявлений, вариантов течения, исходов и эффективности терапии. Предполагается, что при ИВЗ гиперпродукция цитокинов семейства интерлейкина (ИЛ) 1, являющихся одним из ключевых регуляторов врожденного иммунитета, определяет «перекрест» между механизмами аутовоспаления и аутоиммунитета. В настоящее время в клинической практике для подавления патологических эффектов ИЛ-1 используется препарат анакинра, представляющий собой рекомбинантный негликозилированый аналог антагониста ИЛ-1 рецептора, блокирующий сигнализацию как ИЛ-1β, так и ИЛ-1α. Анализ результатов клинического применения анакинры свидететельствует о том, что лечение данным препаратом следует рассматривать как перспективное направление фармакотерапии системных аутовоспалительных заболеваний (САВЗ) и критических состояний у детей и взрослых, связанных с развитием гипервоспаления. Представлены основные направления программы клинических исследований анакинры, включающие: определение места препарата в реализации стратегии «Лечение до достижения цели» (Treat to Target) и персонификации терапии, в первую очередь у пациентов с «резистентным» (difficult-to-treat) субтипом ревматоидного артрита (РА) и коморбидной патологией, а также с тяжелыми формами микрокристаллических артритов; возможности применения анакинры для улучшения ранней диагностики САВЗ у детей и взрослых; создание Российского регистра пациентов с САВЗ, которым потенциально показано лечение анакинрой. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to modern concepts, human immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), depending on the prevailing mechanisms of immunopathogenesis, are divided into two main categories – autoimmune and autoinflammatory.</p><p>At the same time, both autoimmune and autoinflammatory mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of most IMIDs, the complex interaction of which is reflected in the polymorphism of clinical manifestations, course variants, outcomes, and therapy efficacy. It is assumed that hyperproduction of cytokines of the interleukin (IL) 1 family, which is one of the key regulators of innate immunity, determines the “crossover” between the mechanisms of autoinflammation and autoimmunity in IMIDs. Anakinra is currently used in clinical practice to suppress the pathological effects of IL-1. An analysis of the results of the clinical use of Anakinra indicates that treatment with this drug should be considered as a promising direction in the pharmacotherapy of systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) and critical conditions in children and adults associated with the development of hyperinflammation. The main directions of the Anakinra clinical research program are presented, including: determining the place of the drug in the implementation of the "Treat to Target" strategy and personalization of therapy, primarily in patients with “resistant” (difficult-to-treat) subtype of rheumatoid arthritis and comorbid pathology, as well as with severe forms of microcrystalline arthritis; the possibility of using Anakinra to improve the early diagnosis of SAIDs in children and adults; creation of the Russian register of patients with SAIDs, who are potentially indicated for treatment with Anakinra. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системные аутовоспалительные заболевания</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин 1</kwd><kwd>анакинра</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>systemic autoinflammatory diseases</kwd><kwd>interleukin 1</kwd><kwd>anakinra</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McGonagle D, McDermott MF. 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