rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.47360/1995-4484-2022-546-560rsp-3244Research ArticleПРОГРЕСС В РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ В XXI ВЕКЕPROGRESS IN RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE XXI CENTURYПоражение позвоночника при псориатическом артритеAxial involvement in psoriatic arthritishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5015-7143ГубарьЕ. Е.GubarE. E.

Губарь Елена Ефимовна, кмн, научный сотрудник лаборатории псориатического артрита отдела спондилоартритов 

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A

gubarelena@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-1131КоротаеваТ. В.KorotaevaT. V.

 дмн, заведующий лаборатории псориатического артрита, начальник отдела спондилоартритов

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian Federation202225122022606546560Copyright © Губарь Е.Е., Коротаева Т.В., 20222022Губарь Е.Е., Коротаева Т.В.Gubar E.E., Korotaeva T.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3244

Среди всех клинических проявлений псориатического артрита (ПсА), к которым относятся периферический артрит, дактилит, энтезит и спондилит, наименее изучено поражение позвоночника, а общепринятая его дефиниция, единая терминология и диагностические критерии в настоящее время отсутствуют. В ревматологическом сообществе также нет консенсуса в отношении методов визуализации, необходимых для диагностики поражения осевого скелета при ПсА, а методы оценки активности и терапевтическая тактика заимствованы из существующих рекомендаций для анкилозирующего спондилита (АС) и аксиального спондилоартрита (аксСпА). Однако несмотря на определенное сходство в иммунопатогенетических механизмах аксиального ПсА (аксПсА) и аксСпА, существуют и различия, которые могут определять разный ответ на терапию у этих пациентов. В настоящем обзоре представлен анализ результатов изучения патологии позвоночника при ПсА. В статье будут обсуждены генетические особенности, клинические проявления, методы визуализации, дифференциальная диагностика и терапия аксПсА.

Among the variety of clinical manifestations of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) – including peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis, and axial disease – spondylitis is the least studied. There is no generally accepted definition of axial PsA (axPsA), nor is there any common terminology or diagnostic criteria for it. In the rheumatology community, there is also no consensus regarding radiological and MRI assessment of axial involvement in PsA patients, while disease activity indexes and the therapeutic tactics are borrowed from those used in treating axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, despite a range of similarities in immunopathogenetic mechanisms of axPsA and axSpA, there are also certain differences that may affect the treatment response in these patients. The aim of this review is the analysis of data on axial disease in PsA. The article discusses the genetic features, clinical presentations, imaging techniques, differential diagnostics and treatment options of axPsA.

псориатический артритпоражение позвоночникаспондилоартритвоспалительная боль в спинеметоды визуализацииpsoriatic arthritisspine involvementinflammatory back painspondyloarthritisvisualization methodsИсследование проводилось в рамках выполнения научной темы № 1021051503111-9 «Совершенствование диагностики и фармакотерапии спондилоартритов на основании сравнительных результатов изучения прогностических (в том числе молекулярно-биологических, молекулярно-генетических, клинико-визуализационных) факторов прогрессирования заболевания и уровня качества жизни больных».ReferencesGladman DD, Antoni C, Mease P, Clegg DO, Nach P. Psoriatic arthritis: Epidemiology, clinical features, course, and outcome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64(2):14-17. doi: 10.1136/ard.2004.032482Gladman DD, Antoni C, Mease P, Clegg DO, Nach P. Psoriatic arthritis: Epidemiology, clinical features, course, and outcome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64(2):14-17. doi: 10.1136/ard.2004.032482Wright V, Johns RJ. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of joint stiffness in normal subjects and in patients with connective tissue diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 1961;20(1):36-46. doi: 10.1136/ard.20.1.36Wright V, Johns RJ. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of joint stiffness in normal subjects and in patients with connective tissue diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 1961;20(1):36-46. doi: 10.1136/ard.20.1.36Moll JM, Wright V. Psoriatic arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1973;3:55-78. doi: 10.1016/0049-0172(73)90035-8Moll JM, Wright V. Psoriatic arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1973;3:55-78. doi: 10.1016/0049-0172(73)90035-8Giovannini I, Zabotti A, Cicciò C, Salgarello M, Cereser L, De Vita S, et al. Axial psoriatic disease: Clinical and imaging assessment of an underdiagnosed condition. J Clin Med. 2021;10(13): 2845. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132845Giovannini I, Zabotti A, Cicciò C, Salgarello M, Cereser L, De Vita S, et al. Axial psoriatic disease: Clinical and imaging assessment of an underdiagnosed condition. J Clin Med. 2021;10(13): 2845. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132845Coates LC, Kavanaugh A, Mease PJ, Soriano ER, Laura AcostaFelquer M, Armstrong AW, et al. Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 2015 treatment recommendations for psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(5): 1060-1071. doi: 10.1002/art.39573Coates LC, Kavanaugh A, Mease PJ, Soriano ER, Laura AcostaFelquer M, Armstrong AW, et al. Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 2015 treatment recommendations for psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(5): 1060-1071. doi: 10.1002/art.39573McGonagle DG, McInnes IB, Kirkham BW, Sherlock J, Moots R. The role of IL-17A in axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: recent advances and controversies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(9):1167-1178. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215356McGonagle DG, McInnes IB, Kirkham BW, Sherlock J, Moots R. The role of IL-17A in axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: recent advances and controversies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(9):1167-1178. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215356Braun J, Landewé RBM. No efficacy of anti-IL-23 therapy for axial spondyloarthritis in randomised controlled trials but in post-hoc analyses of psoriatic arthritis-related ‘physicianreported spondylitis’? Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(4):466-468. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221422Braun J, Landewé RBM. No efficacy of anti-IL-23 therapy for axial spondyloarthritis in randomised controlled trials but in post-hoc analyses of psoriatic arthritis-related ‘physicianreported spondylitis’? Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(4):466-468. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221422Baraliakos X, Østergaard M, Lambert RG, Eshed I, Machado PM, Pedersen SJ, et al. MRI lesions of the spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: an update of lesion definitions and validation by the ASAS MRI working group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022 May 24: annrheumdis-2021-222081. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-222081Baraliakos X, Østergaard M, Lambert RG, Eshed I, Machado PM, Pedersen SJ, et al. MRI lesions of the spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: an update of lesion definitions and validation by the ASAS MRI working group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022 May 24: annrheumdis-2021-222081. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-222081Chandran V. Psoriatic spondylitis or ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis: Same or different? Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2019;31:329-334. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000609Chandran V. Psoriatic spondylitis or ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis: Same or different? Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2019;31:329-334. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000609Lambert JR, Wright V. Psoriatic spondylitis: a clinical and radiological description of the spine in psoriatic arthritis. Q J Med. 1977;46(4):411-425. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a067516Lambert JR, Wright V. Psoriatic spondylitis: a clinical and radiological description of the spine in psoriatic arthritis. Q J Med. 1977;46(4):411-425. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a067516Chandran V, Barrett J, Schentag CT, Farewell VT, Gladman DD. Axial psoriatic arthritis: Update on a longterm prospective study. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(12):2744-2750. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.090412Chandran V, Barrett J, Schentag CT, Farewell VT, Gladman DD. Axial psoriatic arthritis: Update on a longterm prospective study. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(12):2744-2750. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.090412Jadon DR, Sengupta R, Nightingale A, Lindsay M, Korendowych E, Robinson G, et al. Axial Disease in Psoriatic Arthritis study: Defining the clinical and radiographic phenotype of psoriatic spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(4):701-707. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209853Jadon DR, Sengupta R, Nightingale A, Lindsay M, Korendowych E, Robinson G, et al. Axial Disease in Psoriatic Arthritis study: Defining the clinical and radiographic phenotype of psoriatic spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(4):701-707. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209853Feld J, Chandran V, Haroon N, Inman R, Gladman D. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: A critical comparison. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018;14(6):363-371. doi: 10.1038/s41584-018-0006-8Feld J, Chandran V, Haroon N, Inman R, Gladman D. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: A critical comparison. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018;14(6):363-371. doi: 10.1038/s41584-018-0006-8Poddubnyy D, Jadon DR, Van den Bosch F, Mease PJ, Gladman DD. Axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis: An update for rheumatologists. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2021;51(4):880-887. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.06.006Poddubnyy D, Jadon DR, Van den Bosch F, Mease PJ, Gladman DD. Axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis: An update for rheumatologists. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2021;51(4):880-887. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.06.006Baraliakos X, Gossec L, Pournara E, Jeka S, Mera A, Schultz B, et al. Secukinumab improves axial manifestations in patients with psoriatic arthritis and inadequate response to NSAIDs: Primary analysis of the MAXIMISE trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78: 195-196. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.2932Baraliakos X, Gossec L, Pournara E, Jeka S, Mera A, Schultz B, et al. Secukinumab improves axial manifestations in patients with psoriatic arthritis and inadequate response to NSAIDs: Primary analysis of the MAXIMISE trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78: 195-196. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.2932Mease PJ, Helliwell PS, Gladman DD, Poddubnyy D, Baraliakos X, Chakravarty SD, et al. Efficacy of guselkumab on axial involvement in patients with active psoriatic arthritis and sacroiliitis: A post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 DISCOVER-1 and DISCOVER-2 studies. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021;3(10):e715-e723. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00105-3Mease PJ, Helliwell PS, Gladman DD, Poddubnyy D, Baraliakos X, Chakravarty SD, et al. Efficacy of guselkumab on axial involvement in patients with active psoriatic arthritis and sacroiliitis: A post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 DISCOVER-1 and DISCOVER-2 studies. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021;3(10):e715-e723. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00105-3Aydin SZ, Kucuksahin O, Kilic L, Dogru A, Bayindir O, Ozisler C, et al. Axial psoriatic arthritis: the impact of underdiagnosed disease on outcomes in real life. Clin Rheumatol. 2018; 37(12):3443-3448. doi: 10.1007/s10067-018-4173-4Aydin SZ, Kucuksahin O, Kilic L, Dogru A, Bayindir O, Ozisler C, et al. Axial psoriatic arthritis: the impact of underdiagnosed disease on outcomes in real life. Clin Rheumatol. 2018; 37(12):3443-3448. doi: 10.1007/s10067-018-4173-4Mease PJ, Palmer JB, Liu M, Kavanaugh A, Pandurengan R, Ritchlin CT, et al. Influence of axial involvement on clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis: Analysis from the Corrona psoriatic arthritis/spondyloarthritis registry. J Rheumatol. 2018;45(10):1389-1396. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.171094Mease PJ, Palmer JB, Liu M, Kavanaugh A, Pandurengan R, Ritchlin CT, et al. Influence of axial involvement on clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis: Analysis from the Corrona psoriatic arthritis/spondyloarthritis registry. J Rheumatol. 2018;45(10):1389-1396. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.171094Ogdie A, Blachley T, Glynn M, Rebello S, Dube B, Mclean R, et al. OP0052 Comparison of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and investigator-defined axial PsA to patients with PsA and elevated patient-reported spine pain: Findings from the Corrona psoriatic arthritis/spondyloarthritis (PsA/SpA) registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(Suppl 1):34-35.Ogdie A, Blachley T, Glynn M, Rebello S, Dube B, Mclean R, et al. OP0052 Comparison of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and investigator-defined axial PsA to patients with PsA and elevated patient-reported spine pain: Findings from the Corrona psoriatic arthritis/spondyloarthritis (PsA/SpA) registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(Suppl 1):34-35.Ibrahim A, Gladman DD, Thavaneswaran A, Eder L, Helliwell P, Cook RJ, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of radiographic scoring instruments for detecting change in axial psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017;69(11):1700-1705. doi: 10.1002/acr.23189Ibrahim A, Gladman DD, Thavaneswaran A, Eder L, Helliwell P, Cook RJ, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of radiographic scoring instruments for detecting change in axial psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017;69(11):1700-1705. doi: 10.1002/acr.23189Chandran V, Tolusso DC, Cook RJ, Gladman DD. Risk factors for axial inflammatory arthritis in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2010;37(4):809-815. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.091059Chandran V, Tolusso DC, Cook RJ, Gladman DD. Risk factors for axial inflammatory arthritis in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2010;37(4):809-815. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.091059Yap KS, Ye JY, Li S, Gladman DD, Chandran V. Back pain in psoriatic arthritis: Defining prevalence, characteristics and performance of inflammatory back pain criteria in psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(11):1573-1577. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213334Yap KS, Ye JY, Li S, Gladman DD, Chandran V. Back pain in psoriatic arthritis: Defining prevalence, characteristics and performance of inflammatory back pain criteria in psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(11):1573-1577. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213334Feld J, Ye JY, Chandran V, Inman RD, Haroon N, Cook R, et al. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis: The presence and progression of unilateral grade 2 sacroiliitis in a psoriatic arthritis cohort. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2021;51(2):464-468. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.03.007Feld J, Ye JY, Chandran V, Inman RD, Haroon N, Cook R, et al. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis: The presence and progression of unilateral grade 2 sacroiliitis in a psoriatic arthritis cohort. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2021;51(2):464-468. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.03.007Haroon M, Gallagher P, FitzGerald O. Inflammatory back pain criteria perform well in subset of patients with active axial psoriatic arthritis but not among patients with established axial disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(7):1003-1004. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214583Haroon M, Gallagher P, FitzGerald O. Inflammatory back pain criteria perform well in subset of patients with active axial psoriatic arthritis but not among patients with established axial disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(7):1003-1004. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214583Fernández-Sueiro JL, Willisch A, Pértega-Díaz S, Tasende JA, Fernández-López JC, Villar NO, et al. Validity of the bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index for the evaluation of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2010;62(1):78-85. doi: 10.1002/acr.20017Fernández-Sueiro JL, Willisch A, Pértega-Díaz S, Tasende JA, Fernández-López JC, Villar NO, et al. Validity of the bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index for the evaluation of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2010;62(1):78-85. doi: 10.1002/acr.20017Queiro R, Canete JD. Good clinimetric alignment between remission and a low impact of disease in patients with axial psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020;38(1):136-139.Queiro R, Canete JD. Good clinimetric alignment between remission and a low impact of disease in patients with axial psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020;38(1):136-139.Губарь ЕЕ, Логинова ЕЮ, Корсакова ЮЛ, Коротаева ТВ, Глухова СИ, Седунова МВ, и др. Особенности поражения аксиального скелета при псориатическом артрите: данные реальной клинической практики. Научно-практическая ревматология/ 2020;58(4):401-406. doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2020-401-406Gubar EE, Loginova EYu, Korsakova YuL, Korotaeva TV, Glukhova SI, Sedunova MV, et al. Specific features of axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis: Data from real clinical practice. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2020;58(4):401-406 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2020-401-406Клинические рекомендации. Псориаз артропатический. Псориатический артрит. 2021. URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/562_2 (Accessed: 13 July 2022)Clinical recommendations. Arthropathic psoriasis. Psoriatic arthritis. 2021 (In Russ.)]. URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/562_2 (Accessed: 13 July 2022)Gladman DD. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2007;9(6):455-460. doi: 10.1007/s11926-007-0074-2Gladman DD. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2007;9(6):455-460. doi: 10.1007/s11926-007-0074-2Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Papp KA, Khraishi MM, Thaçi D, Behrens F, et al. Prevalence of rheumatologist-diagnosed psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis in European/North American dermatology clinics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69(5):729-735. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.07.023Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Papp KA, Khraishi MM, Thaçi D, Behrens F, et al. Prevalence of rheumatologist-diagnosed psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis in European/North American dermatology clinics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69(5):729-735. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.07.023Taylor WJ, Zmierczak HG, Helliwell PS. Problems with the definition of axial and peripheral disease patterns in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2005;32(6):974-977.Taylor WJ, Zmierczak HG, Helliwell PS. Problems with the definition of axial and peripheral disease patterns in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2005;32(6):974-977.Baraliakos X, Coates LC, Braun J. The involvement of the spine in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(93):31-35.Baraliakos X, Coates LC, Braun J. The involvement of the spine in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(93):31-35.Coates LC, Conaghan PG, Emery P, Green MJ, Ibrahim G, MacIver H, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of the classification of psoriatic arthritis criteria in early psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(10):3150-3155. doi: 10.1002/art.34536Coates LC, Conaghan PG, Emery P, Green MJ, Ibrahim G, MacIver H, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of the classification of psoriatic arthritis criteria in early psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(10):3150-3155. doi: 10.1002/art.34536Niccoli L, Nannini C, Cassarà E, Kaloudi O, Susini M, Lenzetti I, et al. Frequency of iridocyclitis in patients with early psoriatic arthritis: A prospective, follow up study. Int J Rheum Dis. 2012;15(4):414-418. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-185X.2012.01736.xNiccoli L, Nannini C, Cassarà E, Kaloudi O, Susini M, Lenzetti I, et al. Frequency of iridocyclitis in patients with early psoriatic arthritis: A prospective, follow up study. Int J Rheum Dis. 2012;15(4):414-418. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-185X.2012.01736.xNossent JC, Gran JT. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis in northern Norway. Scand J Rheumatol. 2009;38(4):251-255. doi: 10.1080/03009740802609558Nossent JC, Gran JT. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis in northern Norway. Scand J Rheumatol. 2009;38(4):251-255. doi: 10.1080/03009740802609558Корсакова ЮЛ, Логинова ЕЮ, Коротаева ТВ, Губарь EE, Глухова СИ, Василенко ЕА, и др. Бремя прогрессирования псориатического артрита. Данные общероссийского регистра. Терапевтический архив. 2022;94(5):622-627. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2022.05.201506Korsakova YL, Loginova EY, Korotaeva TV, Gubar EE, Glukhova SI, Vasilenko EA, et al. The burden of progression of psoriatic arthritis. All-Russian register data. Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2022;94(5): 622-627 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2022.05.201506Rudwaleit M, Metter A, Listing J, Sieper J, Braun J. Inflammatory back pain in ankylosing spondylitis: A reassessment of the clinical history for application as classification and diagnostic criteria. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(2):569-578. doi: 10.1002/art.21619Rudwaleit M, Metter A, Listing J, Sieper J, Braun J. Inflammatory back pain in ankylosing spondylitis: A reassessment of the clinical history for application as classification and diagnostic criteria. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(2):569-578. doi: 10.1002/art.21619Calin A, Porta J, Fries JF, Schurman DJ. Clinical history as a screening test for ankylosing spondylitis. JAMA. 1977;237(24): 2613-2634.Calin A, Porta J, Fries JF, Schurman DJ. Clinical history as a screening test for ankylosing spondylitis. JAMA. 1977;237(24): 2613-2634.Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Brandt J, Burgos-Vagas R, Collantes-Estevez E, et al. New criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with chronic back pain: A real patient exercise by experts from the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS). Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(6):784-788. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.101501Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Brandt J, Burgos-Vagas R, Collantes-Estevez E, et al. New criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with chronic back pain: A real patient exercise by experts from the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS). Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(6):784-788. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.101501Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Listing J, Akkoc N, Brandt J, et al. The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): Validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(6):777-783. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.108233Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Listing J, Akkoc N, Brandt J, et al. The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): Validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(6):777-783. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.108233Aydin SZ, Kilic L, Kucuksahin O, Ureyen SB, Kalyoncu U. Performances of inflammatory back pain criteria in axial psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017;56(11):2031-2032. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex307Aydin SZ, Kilic L, Kucuksahin O, Ureyen SB, Kalyoncu U. Performances of inflammatory back pain criteria in axial psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017;56(11):2031-2032. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex307Feld J, Ye JY, Chandran V, Inman RD, Haroon N, Cook R, et al. Is axial psoriatic arthritis distinct from ankylosing spondylitis with and without concomitant psoriasis? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020;59(6):1340-1346. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez457Feld J, Ye JY, Chandran V, Inman RD, Haroon N, Cook R, et al. Is axial psoriatic arthritis distinct from ankylosing spondylitis with and without concomitant psoriasis? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020;59(6):1340-1346. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez457Gubar E, Korotaeva T, Korsakova Y, Loginova E, Glukhova S., et al. Clinical and radiographic phenotype of axial psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(1):1592. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis2022-eular.1564Gubar E, Korotaeva T, Korsakova Y, Loginova E, Glukhova S., et al. Clinical and radiographic phenotype of axial psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(1):1592. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis2022-eular.1564Губарь ЕЕ, Логинова ЕЮ, Смирнов АВ, Глухова СИ, Коротаева ТВ. Клинико-инструментальная характеристика аксиального поражения при раннем периферическом псориатическом артрите (данные исследования РЕМАРКА). Научно-практическая ревматология. 2018;56(1):34-40. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-34-40Gubar EE, Loginova EYu, Smirnov AV, Glukhova SI, Korotaeva TV. Clinical and instrumental characteristics of axial lesion in early peripheral psoriatic arthritis (data of a REMARCA study). Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2018; 56(1):34-40 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-34-40Hanly JG, Russell ML, Gladman DD. Psoriatic spondyloarthropathy: A long term prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis. 1988;47(5): 386-393. doi: 10.1136/ard.47.5.386Hanly JG, Russell ML, Gladman DD. Psoriatic spondyloarthropathy: A long term prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis. 1988;47(5): 386-393. doi: 10.1136/ard.47.5.386Queiro R, Belzunegui J, González C, De DJ, Sarasqueta C, Torre JC, et al. Clinically asymptomatic axial disease in psoriatic spondyloarthropathy. A retrospective study. Clin Rheumatol. 2002;21(1):10-13. doi: 10.1007/s100670200003Queiro R, Belzunegui J, González C, De DJ, Sarasqueta C, Torre JC, et al. Clinically asymptomatic axial disease in psoriatic spondyloarthropathy. A retrospective study. Clin Rheumatol. 2002;21(1):10-13. doi: 10.1007/s100670200003Queiro R, Sarasqueta C, Belzunegui J, Gonzalez C, Figueroa M, Torre-Alonso JC. Psoriatic spondyloarthropathy: A comparative study between HLA-B27 positive and HLA-B27 negative disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2002;31(6):413-418. doi: 10.1053/sarh.2002.33470Queiro R, Sarasqueta C, Belzunegui J, Gonzalez C, Figueroa M, Torre-Alonso JC. Psoriatic spondyloarthropathy: A comparative study between HLA-B27 positive and HLA-B27 negative disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2002;31(6):413-418. doi: 10.1053/sarh.2002.33470Haroon M, Winchester R, Giles JT, Heffernan E, FitzGerald O. Clinical and genetic associations of radiographic sacroiliitis and its different patterns in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017;35(2):270-276.Haroon M, Winchester R, Giles JT, Heffernan E, FitzGerald O. Clinical and genetic associations of radiographic sacroiliitis and its different patterns in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017;35(2):270-276.Jadon DR, Shaddick G, Tillett W, Korendowych E, Robinson G, Waldron N, et al. Psoriatic arthritis mutilans: Characteristics and natural radiographic history. J Rheumatol. 2015;42(7):1169-1176. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.150083Jadon DR, Shaddick G, Tillett W, Korendowych E, Robinson G, Waldron N, et al. Psoriatic arthritis mutilans: Characteristics and natural radiographic history. J Rheumatol. 2015;42(7):1169-1176. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.150083Губарь ЕЕ, Логинова ЕЮ, Корсакова ЮЛ, Глухова СИ, Коротаева ТВ. Возможности скрининга высокого риска поражения осевого скелета при псориатическом артрите. Современная ревматология. 2020;14(3):34-38. doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2020-3-34-38Gubar EE, Loginova EYu, Korsakova YuL, Glukhova SI, Korotaeva TV. Possibilities of screening for a high-risk axial skeletal lesion in psoriatic arthritis. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2020;14(3):34-38 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2020-3-34-38Eder L, Chandran V, Gladman DD. What have we learned about genetic susceptibility in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis? Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2015;27(1):91-98. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000136Eder L, Chandran V, Gladman DD. What have we learned about genetic susceptibility in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis? Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2015;27(1):91-98. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000136Queiro R, Morante I, Cabezas I, Acasuso B. HLA-B27 and psoriatic disease: A modern view of an old relationship. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016;55(2):221-229. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev296Queiro R, Morante I, Cabezas I, Acasuso B. HLA-B27 and psoriatic disease: A modern view of an old relationship. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016;55(2):221-229. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev296Eder L, Chandran V, Pellet F, Shanmugarajah S, Rosen CF, Bull SB, et al. Human leucocyte antigen risk alleles for psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:50-55. doi: 10.1136/ard.2011.155044Eder L, Chandran V, Pellet F, Shanmugarajah S, Rosen CF, Bull SB, et al. Human leucocyte antigen risk alleles for psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:50-55. doi: 10.1136/ard.2011.155044Queiro R, Gonzalez S, López-Larrea C, Alperi M, Sarasqueta C, Riestra JL, et al. HLA-C locus alleles may modulate the clinical expression of psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(6):R185. doi: 10.1186/ar2097Queiro R, Gonzalez S, López-Larrea C, Alperi M, Sarasqueta C, Riestra JL, et al. HLA-C locus alleles may modulate the clinical expression of psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(6):R185. doi: 10.1186/ar2097Ikumi K, Kobayashi S, Tamura N, Tada K, Inoue H, Osaga S, et al. HLA-B46 is associated with severe sacroiliitis in Japanese patients with psoriatic arthritis. Mod Rheumatol. 2019;29(6):1017-1022. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1538590Ikumi K, Kobayashi S, Tamura N, Tada K, Inoue H, Osaga S, et al. HLA-B46 is associated with severe sacroiliitis in Japanese patients with psoriatic arthritis. Mod Rheumatol. 2019;29(6):1017-1022. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1538590Gubar E, Korsakova Y, Loginova E, Vorobyova L, Glukhova S, Nasonov E, et al. Characteristics of axial psoriatic arthritis patients with symmetrical and asymmetrical sacroiliitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(Suppl 1):1592. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1589Gubar E, Korsakova Y, Loginova E, Vorobyova L, Glukhova S, Nasonov E, et al. Characteristics of axial psoriatic arthritis patients with symmetrical and asymmetrical sacroiliitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(Suppl 1):1592. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1589Coates LC, Baraliakos X, Blanco FJ, Blanco-Morales EA, Braun J, Chandran V, et al. The phenotype of axial spondyloarthritis: Is it dependent on HLA-B27 status? Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021;73(6):856-860. doi: 10.1002/acr.24174Coates LC, Baraliakos X, Blanco FJ, Blanco-Morales EA, Braun J, Chandran V, et al. The phenotype of axial spondyloarthritis: Is it dependent on HLA-B27 status? Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021;73(6):856-860. doi: 10.1002/acr.24174Helliwell PS. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020;59(6):1193-1195. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez629Helliwell PS. Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020;59(6):1193-1195. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez629Kılıç G, Kılıç E, Nas K, Karkucak M, Çapkın E, Dağlı AZ, et al. Comparison of ASDAS and BASD AI as a measure of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34(3):515-521. doi: 10.1007/s10067-014-2734-8Kılıç G, Kılıç E, Nas K, Karkucak M, Çapkın E, Dağlı AZ, et al. Comparison of ASDAS and BASD AI as a measure of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34(3):515-521. doi: 10.1007/s10067-014-2734-8Taylor WJ, Harrison AA. Could the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) be a valid measure of disease activity in patients with psoriatic arthritis? Arthritis Rheum. 2004;51(3):311-315. doi: 10.1002/art.20421Taylor WJ, Harrison AA. Could the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) be a valid measure of disease activity in patients with psoriatic arthritis? Arthritis Rheum. 2004;51(3):311-315. doi: 10.1002/art.20421Eder L, Chandran V, Shen H, Cook RJ, Gladman DD. Is ASDAS better than BASDAI as a measure of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(12):2160-2164. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.129726Eder L, Chandran V, Shen H, Cook RJ, Gladman DD. Is ASDAS better than BASDAI as a measure of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(12):2160-2164. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.129726Gladman DD, Brubacher B, Buskila D, Langevitz P, Farewell VT. Differences in the expression of spondyloarthropathy: A comparison between ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Clin Invest Med. 1993;16(1):1-7.Gladman DD, Brubacher B, Buskila D, Langevitz P, Farewell VT. Differences in the expression of spondyloarthropathy: A comparison between ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Clin Invest Med. 1993;16(1):1-7.Baraliakos X, Listing J, von der Recke A, Braun J. The natural course of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis – Evidence for major individual variations in a large proportion of patients. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(5):997-1002. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.080871Baraliakos X, Listing J, von der Recke A, Braun J. The natural course of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis – Evidence for major individual variations in a large proportion of patients. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(5):997-1002. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.080871Gladman DD. Clinical, radiological, and functional assessment in psoriatic arthritis: Is it different from other inflammatory joint diseases? Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65(Suppl 3):22-24. doi: 10.1136/ard.2006.058453Gladman DD. Clinical, radiological, and functional assessment in psoriatic arthritis: Is it different from other inflammatory joint diseases? Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65(Suppl 3):22-24. doi: 10.1136/ard.2006.058453Williamson L, Dockerty JL, Dalbeth N, McNally E, Ostlere S, Wordsworth BP. Clinical assessment of sacroiliitis and HLAB27 are poor predictors of sacroiliitis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging in psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004;43(1):85-88. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg475Williamson L, Dockerty JL, Dalbeth N, McNally E, Ostlere S, Wordsworth BP. Clinical assessment of sacroiliitis and HLAB27 are poor predictors of sacroiliitis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging in psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004;43(1):85-88. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg475Kishimoto M, Deshpande GA, Fukuoka K, Kawakami T, Ikegaya N, Kawashima S, et al. Clinical features of psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2021;35(2):101670. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2021.101670Kishimoto M, Deshpande GA, Fukuoka K, Kawakami T, Ikegaya N, Kawashima S, et al. Clinical features of psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2021;35(2):101670. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2021.101670Gubar E, Korotaeva T, Korsakova Y, Korsakova Y, Glukhova S. Do axial psoriatic arthritis patients meet ASAS classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(1):405. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1548Gubar E, Korotaeva T, Korsakova Y, Korsakova Y, Glukhova S. Do axial psoriatic arthritis patients meet ASAS classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(1):405. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1548Helliwell PS, Hickling P, Wright V. Do the radiological changes of classic ankylosing spondylitis differ from the changes found in the spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and reactive arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 1998;57(3):135-140. doi: 10.1136/ard.57.3.135Helliwell PS, Hickling P, Wright V. Do the radiological changes of classic ankylosing spondylitis differ from the changes found in the spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and reactive arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 1998;57(3):135-140. doi: 10.1136/ard.57.3.135Salvarani C, Macchioni P, Cremonesi T, Mantovani W, Battistel B, Rossi F, et al. The cervical spine in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A clinical, radiological and immunogenetic study. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(1):73-77. doi: 10.1136/ard.51.1.73Salvarani C, Macchioni P, Cremonesi T, Mantovani W, Battistel B, Rossi F, et al. The cervical spine in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A clinical, radiological and immunogenetic study. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(1):73-77. doi: 10.1136/ard.51.1.73Lassoued S, Hamidou M, Fournie B, Fournie A. Cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(2):251-252.Lassoued S, Hamidou M, Fournie B, Fournie A. Cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(2):251-252.Jeannou J, Goupille P, Avimadje MA, Zerkak D, Valat JP, Fouquet B. Cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis. Rev Rhum Engl Ed. 1999;66(12):695-700.Jeannou J, Goupille P, Avimadje MA, Zerkak D, Valat JP, Fouquet B. Cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis. Rev Rhum Engl Ed. 1999;66(12):695-700.Queiro R, Sarasqueta C, Torre JC, Tinture T, Lopez-Lagunas I. Prevalence and predictors of cervical involvement in psoriatic spondyloarthropathy. J Clin Rheumatol. 2002;8(1):23-29. doi: 10.1097/00124743-200202000-00006Queiro R, Sarasqueta C, Torre JC, Tinture T, Lopez-Lagunas I. Prevalence and predictors of cervical involvement in psoriatic spondyloarthropathy. J Clin Rheumatol. 2002;8(1):23-29. doi: 10.1097/00124743-200202000-00006Blau RH, Kaufman RL. Erosive and subluxing cervical spine disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 1987;14(1): 111-117.Blau RH, Kaufman RL. Erosive and subluxing cervical spine disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 1987;14(1): 111-117.Maher T, Yassine ZA, Majdi BH, Nader N. C1–C2 instability in psoriatic arthritis. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;36:217. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.217.24850Maher T, Yassine ZA, Majdi BH, Nader N. C1–C2 instability in psoriatic arthritis. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;36:217. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.217.24850Sallés M, Clavaguera T, Mínguez S, Valencoso O, Lopez de Recalde M, Tuneu R. Atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation in a patient with psoriatic spondyloarthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2019;86(4): 519-521. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.09.022Sallés M, Clavaguera T, Mínguez S, Valencoso O, Lopez de Recalde M, Tuneu R. Atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation in a patient with psoriatic spondyloarthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2019;86(4): 519-521. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.09.022Lubrano E, Marchesoni A, Olivieri I, D’Angelo S, Spadaro A, Parsons WJ, et al. Psoriatic arthritis spondylitis radiology index: A modified index for radiologic assessment of axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(5):1006-1011. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.080491Lubrano E, Marchesoni A, Olivieri I, D’Angelo S, Spadaro A, Parsons WJ, et al. Psoriatic arthritis spondylitis radiology index: A modified index for radiologic assessment of axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(5):1006-1011. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.080491Maksymowych WP, Lambert RG, Østergaard M, Pedersen SJ, Machado PM, Weber U, et al. MRI lesions in the sacroiliac joints of patients with spondyloarthritis: An update of definitions and validation by the ASAS MRI working group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(11):1550-1558. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215589Maksymowych WP, Lambert RG, Østergaard M, Pedersen SJ, Machado PM, Weber U, et al. MRI lesions in the sacroiliac joints of patients with spondyloarthritis: An update of definitions and validation by the ASAS MRI working group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(11):1550-1558. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215589Poggenborg RP, Sørensen IJ, Pedersen SJ, Østergaard M. Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing, monitoring and prognostication in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(5 Suppl 93): 66-69.Poggenborg RP, Sørensen IJ, Pedersen SJ, Østergaard M. Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing, monitoring and prognostication in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(5 Suppl 93): 66-69.Braga MV, de Oliveira SC, Vasconcelos AHC, Lopes JR, de Macedo Filho CL, Ramos LMA, et al. Prevalence of sacroiliitis and acute and structural changes on MRI in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):11580. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68456-7Braga MV, de Oliveira SC, Vasconcelos AHC, Lopes JR, de Macedo Filho CL, Ramos LMA, et al. Prevalence of sacroiliitis and acute and structural changes on MRI in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):11580. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68456-7Maldonado-Ficco H, Sheane BJ, Thavaneswaran A, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Magnetic resonance imaging in psoriatic arthritis: A descriptive study of indications, features and effect on treatment change. J Clin Rheumatol. 2017;23(5):243-245. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000558Maldonado-Ficco H, Sheane BJ, Thavaneswaran A, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Magnetic resonance imaging in psoriatic arthritis: A descriptive study of indications, features and effect on treatment change. J Clin Rheumatol. 2017;23(5):243-245. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000558Castillo-Gallego C, Aydin SZ, Emery P, McGonagle DG, Marzo-Ortega H. Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of axial psoriatic arthritis: Extent of disease relates to HLA-B27. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(9):2274-2278. doi: 10.1002/art.38050Castillo-Gallego C, Aydin SZ, Emery P, McGonagle DG, MarzoOrtega H. Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of axial psoriatic arthritis: Extent of disease relates to HLA-B27. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(9):2274-2278. doi: 10.1002/art.38050Hermann KG, Baraliakos X, van der Heijde DM, Jurik AG, Landewé R, Marzo-Ortega H, et al.; Assessment in SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS). Descriptions of spinal MRI lesions and definition of a positive MRI of the spine in axial spondyloarthritis: A consensual approach by the ASAS/OMERACT MRI study group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(8):1278-1288. doi: 10.1136/ard.2011.150680Hermann KG, Baraliakos X, van der Heijde DM, Jurik AG, Landewé R, Marzo-Ortega H, et al.; Assessment in SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS). Descriptions of spinal MRI lesions and definition of a positive MRI of the spine in axial spondyloarthritis: A consensual approach by the ASAS/OMERACT MRI study group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(8):1278-1288. doi: 10.1136/ard.2011.150680Krabbe S, Sørensen IJ, Jensen B, Møller JM, Balding L, Madsen OR, et al. Inflammatory and structural changes in vertebral bodies and posterior elements of the spine in axial spondyloarthritis: Construct validity, responsiveness and discriminatory ability of the anatomy-based CANDEN scoring system in a randomised placebo-controlled trial. RMD Open. 2018;4(1):e000624. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000624Krabbe S, Sørensen IJ, Jensen B, Møller JM, Balding L, Madsen OR, et al. Inflammatory and structural changes in vertebral bodies and posterior elements of the spine in axial spondyloarthritis: Construct validity, responsiveness and discriminatory ability of the anatomy-based CANDEN scoring system in a randomised placebo-controlled trial. RMD Open. 2018;4(1):e000624. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000624Krabbe S, Østergaard M, Pedersen SJ, Weber U, Kröber G, Makysmowych W, et al. Canada-Denmark MRI scoring system of the spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: Updated definitions, scoring rules and inter-reader reliability in a multiple reader setting. RMD Open. 2019;5(2):e001057. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen2019-001057Krabbe S, Østergaard M, Pedersen SJ, Weber U, Kröber G, Makysmowych W, et al. Canada-Denmark MRI scoring system of the spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: Updated definitions, scoring rules and inter-reader reliability in a multiple reader setting. RMD Open. 2019;5(2):e001057. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen2019-001057Lee S, Lee JY, Hwang JH, Shin JH, Kim T-H, Kim S-K. Clinical importance of inflammatory facet joints of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis: A magnetic resonance imaging study. Scand J Rheumatol. 2016;45(6):491-498. doi: 10.3109/03009742.2016.1150506Lee S, Lee JY, Hwang JH, Shin JH, Kim T-H, Kim S-K. Clinical importance of inflammatory facet joints of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis: A magnetic resonance imaging study. Scand J Rheumatol. 2016;45(6):491-498. doi: 10.3109/03009742.2016.1150506Østergaard M, Eshed I, Althoff CE, Poggenborg RP, Diekhoff T, Krabbe S, et al. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in inflammatory arthritis: Systematic literature review and first steps toward standardization and an OMERACT scoring system. J Rheumatol. 2017;44(11):1699-1705. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.161114Østergaard M, Eshed I, Althoff CE, Poggenborg RP, Diekhoff T, Krabbe S, et al. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in inflammatory arthritis: Systematic literature review and first steps toward standardization and an OMERACT scoring system. J Rheumatol. 2017;44(11):1699-1705. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.161114Mager A-K, Althoff CE, Sieper J, Hamm B, Hermann K-GA. Role of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing early spondyloarthritis. Eur J Radiol. 2009;71(2):182-188. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.04.051Mager A-K, Althoff CE, Sieper J, Hamm B, Hermann K-GA. Role of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing early spondyloarthritis. Eur J Radiol. 2009;71(2):182-188. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.04.051Raynal M, Bouderraoui F, Ouichka R, Melchior J, Morel O, Blum A, et al. Performance of 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography with computed tomography to assess inflammatory and structural sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, respectively, in axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s13075-019-1903-1Raynal M, Bouderraoui F, Ouichka R, Melchior J, Morel O, Blum A, et al. Performance of 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography with computed tomography to assess inflammatory and structural sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, respectively, in axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s13075-019-1903-1Son SM, Kim K, Pak K, Kim S-J, Goh TS, Lee JS. Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of 18F-NaF positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with suspected ankylosing spondylitis according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society criteria. Spine J. 2020;20(9):1471-1479. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.03.011Son SM, Kim K, Pak K, Kim S-J, Goh TS, Lee JS. Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of 18F-NaF positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with suspected ankylosing spondylitis according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society criteria. Spine J. 2020;20(9):1471-1479. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.03.011Taurog JD, Chhabra A, Colbert RA. Ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(26):2563-2574. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1406182Taurog JD, Chhabra A, Colbert RA. Ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(26):2563-2574. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1406182Michelena X, De Marco G, Dubash S, McGonagle D, Marzo-Ortega H. Comment on: Is axial psoriatic arthritis distinct from ankylosing spondylitis with and without concomitant psoriasis? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021;60(1):e24-e25 doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez670Michelena X, De Marco G, Dubash S, McGonagle D, MarzoOrtega H. Comment on: Is axial psoriatic arthritis distinct from ankylosing spondylitis with and without concomitant psoriasis? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021;60(1):e24-e25 doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez670Mease PJ, Marchese M, Mclean R, Blachley T, Anatale-Tardiff L, Saffore C, et al. OP0049 Comparison of baseline disease activity and patient (pt)-reported outcomes (PROS) between pts with psoriatic arthritis and axial involvement (axial PSA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axial SPA) from the CORRONA PSA/SPA registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1):26. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis2021-eular.137Mease PJ, Marchese M, Mclean R, Blachley T, Anatale-Tardiff L, Saffore C, et al. OP0049 Comparison of baseline disease activity and patient (pt)-reported outcomes (PROS) between pts with psoriatic arthritis and axial involvement (axial PSA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axial SPA) from the CORRONA PSA/SPA registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1):26. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis2021-eular.137Benavent D, Plasencia C, Poddubnyy D, Kishimoto M, Proft F, Sawada H, et al. POS0969 Unveiling axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis: an ancillary analysis of the ASASperSpA study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1):750. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis2021-eular.1410Benavent D, Plasencia C, Poddubnyy D, Kishimoto M, Proft F, Sawada H, et al. POS0969 Unveiling axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis: an ancillary analysis of the ASASperSpA study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1):750. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis2021-eular.1410Fragoulis GE, Pappa M, Evangelatos G, Iliopoulos A, Sfkakis P, Tektonidou M. POS1073 Axial psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Same or different? A real world study with emphasis on comorbidities. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1):815. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2129Fragoulis GE, Pappa M, Evangelatos G, Iliopoulos A, Sfkakis P, Tektonidou M. POS1073 Axial psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Same or different? A real world study with emphasis on comorbidities. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1):815. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2129Lindstrom U, Bremander A, Haglund E, Bergman S, Petersson IF, Jacobsson LTH. Back pain and health status in patients with clinically diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and other spondyloarthritis: A cross-sectional population-based study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:106. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-0960-8Lindstrom U, Bremander A, Haglund E, Bergman S, Petersson IF, Jacobsson LTH. Back pain and health status in patients with clinically diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and other spondyloarthritis: A cross-sectional population-based study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:106. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-0960-8Pérez Alamino R, Maldonado-Cocco JA, Citera G, Arturi P, Vazquez-Mellado J, Sampaio-Barros PD, et al.; RESPONDIA Group. Differential features between primary ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis associated with psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. J Rheumatol. 2011;38(8):1656-1660. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.101049Pérez Alamino R, Maldonado-Cocco JA, Citera G, Arturi P, Vazquez-Mellado J, Sampaio-Barros PD, et al.; RESPONDIA Group. Differential features between primary ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis associated with psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. J Rheumatol. 2011;38(8):1656-1660. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.101049Gladman DD, Brubacher B, Buskila D, Langevitz P, Farewell VT. Psoriatic spondyloarthropathy in men and women: A clinical, radiographic, and HLA study. Clin Invest Med. 1992;15(4):371-375.Gladman DD, Brubacher B, Buskila D, Langevitz P, Farewell VT. Psoriatic spondyloarthropathy in men and women: A clinical, radiographic, and HLA study. Clin Invest Med. 1992;15(4):371-375.Landi M, Maldonado-Ficco H, Perez-Alamino R, Maldonado-Cocco JA, Citera G, Arturi P, et al.; RESPONDIA Group. Fundación Reumatológica Argentina “Dr. Osvaldo García Morteo”. Gender differences among patients with primary ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis associated with psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease in an iberoamerican spondyloarthritis cohort. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(51):e5652. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005652Landi M, Maldonado-Ficco H, Perez-Alamino R, MaldonadoCocco JA, Citera G, Arturi P, et al.; RESPONDIA Group. Fundación Reumatológica Argentina “Dr. Osvaldo García Morteo”. Gender differences among patients with primary ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis associated with psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease in an iberoamerican spondyloarthritis cohort. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(51):e5652. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005652McEwen C, DiTata D, Lingg C, Porini A, Good A, Rankin T. Ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis accompanying ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis, psoriasis and Reiter’s disease. A comparative study. Arthritis Rheum. 1971;14(3):291-318. doi: 10.1002/art.1780140302McEwen C, DiTata D, Lingg C, Porini A, Good A, Rankin T. Ankylosing spondylitis and spondylitis accompanying ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis, psoriasis and Reiter’s disease. A comparative study. Arthritis Rheum. 1971;14(3):291-318. doi: 10.1002/art.1780140302Laiho K, Kauppi M. The cervical spine in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(7):650-652. doi: 10.1136/ard.61.7.650Laiho K, Kauppi M. The cervical spine in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(7):650-652. doi: 10.1136/ard.61.7.650Molto A, Dougados M. Comorbidities in spondyloarthritis including psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(3):390-400. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2018.09.002Molto A, Dougados M. Comorbidities in spondyloarthritis including psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(3):390-400. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2018.09.002Fraga NA, de Oliveira MFP, Follador I, Rocha BO, Rego VR. Psoriasis and uveitis: A literature review. An Bras Dermatol. 2012;87(6):877-883. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962012000600009Fraga NA, de Oliveira MFP, Follador I, Rocha BO, Rego VR. Psoriasis and uveitis: A literature review. An Bras Dermatol. 2012;87(6):877-883. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962012000600009Sieper J, Poddubnyy D, Miossec P. The IL-23-IL-17 pathway as a therapeutic target in axial spondyloarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;15(12):747-757. doi: 10.1038/s41584-019-0294-7Sieper J, Poddubnyy D, Miossec P. The IL-23-IL-17 pathway as a therapeutic target in axial spondyloarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;15(12):747-757. doi: 10.1038/s41584-019-0294-7Helliwell PS, Gladman DD, Chakravarty SD, Kafka S, Karyekar CS, You Y, et al. Effects of ustekinumab on spondylitisassociated endpoints in TNFi-naïve active psoriatic arthritis patients with physician-reported spondylitis: Pooled results from two phase 3, randomised, controlled trials. RMD Open. 2020;6(1):e001149. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001149Helliwell PS, Gladman DD, Chakravarty SD, Kafka S, Karyekar CS, You Y, et al. Effects of ustekinumab on spondylitisassociated endpoints in TNFi-naïve active psoriatic arthritis patients with physician-reported spondylitis: Pooled results from two phase 3, randomised, controlled trials. RMD Open. 2020;6(1):e001149. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001149Helliwell PS. Established psoriatic arthritis: Clinical aspects. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2009;83:21-23. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.090215Helliwell PS. Established psoriatic arthritis: Clinical aspects. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2009;83:21-23. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.090215Molinos M, Almeida CR, Caldeira J, Cunha C, Goncalves RM, Barbosa MA. Inflammation in intervertebral disc degeneration and regeneration. J R Soc Interface. 2015;12(104):20141191. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.1191Molinos M, Almeida CR, Caldeira J, Cunha C, Goncalves RM, Barbosa MA. Inflammation in intervertebral disc degeneration and regeneration. J R Soc Interface. 2015;12(104):20141191. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.1191Magrey MN, Antonelli M, James N, Khan MA. High frequency of fibromyalgia with psoriatic arthritis: A pilot study. Arthritis. 2013;2013:762921. doi: 10.1155/2013/76292Magrey MN, Antonelli M, James N, Khan MA. High frequency of fibromyalgia with psoriatic arthritis: A pilot study. Arthritis. 2013;2013:762921. doi: 10.1155/2013/76292Mease PJ. Fibromyalgia, a missed comorbidity in spondyloarthritis: prevalence and impact on assessment and treatment. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(4):304-310. doi: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000388Mease PJ. Fibromyalgia, a missed comorbidity in spondyloarthritis: prevalence and impact on assessment and treatment. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(4):304-310. doi: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000388Højgaard P, Ellegaard K, Nielsen SM, Christensen R, Guldberg-Møller J, Ballegaard C, et al. Pain mechanisms and ultrasonic inflammatory activity as prognostic factors in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A prospective cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019;71(6):798-810. doi: 10.1002/acr.23693Højgaard P, Ellegaard K, Nielsen SM, Christensen R, GuldbergMøller J, Ballegaard C, et al. Pain mechanisms and ultrasonic inflammatory activity as prognostic factors in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A prospective cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019;71(6):798-810. doi: 10.1002/acr.23693Haddad A, Thavaneswaran A, Toloza S, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2013;40(8):1367-1373. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.121433Haddad A, Thavaneswaran A, Toloza S, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2013;40(8):1367-1373. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.121433Olivieri I, D’Angelo S, Palazzi C, Padula A, Mader R, Khan MA. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: Differentiation from ankylosing spondylitis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2009;11(5):321-328. doi: 10.1007/s11926-009-0046-9Olivieri I, D’Angelo S, Palazzi C, Padula A, Mader R, Khan MA. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: Differentiation from ankylosing spondylitis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2009;11(5):321-328. doi: 10.1007/s11926-009-0046-9Bieber A, Masala IF, Mader R, Atzeni F. Differences between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and spondyloarthritis. Immunotherapy. 2020;12(10):749-756. doi: 10.2217/imt-2020-0045Bieber A, Masala IF, Mader R, Atzeni F. Differences between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and spondyloarthritis. Immunotherapy. 2020;12(10):749-756. doi: 10.2217/imt-2020-0045Smith JA, Colbert RA. Review: The interleukin-23/interleukin-17 axis in spondyloarthritis pathogenesis: Th17 and beyond. Arthritis Rheum. 2014;66:231-241. doi: 10.1002/art.38291Smith JA, Colbert RA. Review: The interleukin-23/interleukin-17 axis in spondyloarthritis pathogenesis: Th17 and beyond. Arthritis Rheum. 2014;66:231-241. doi: 10.1002/art.38291Suzuki E, Mellins ED, Gershwin ME, Nestle FO, Adamopoulos IE. The IL-23/IL-17 axis in psoriatic arthritis. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13(4-5):496-502. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.050Suzuki E, Mellins ED, Gershwin ME, Nestle FO, Adamopoulos IE. The IL-23/IL-17 axis in psoriatic arthritis. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13(4-5):496-502. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.050Насонов ЕЛ, Коротаева ТВ, Дубинина ТВ, Лила АМ. Ингибиторы ИЛ23/ИЛ17 при иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях: новые горизонты. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2019;55(4):400-406. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-400-406Nasonov EL, Korotaeva TV, Dubinina TV, Lila AM. IL-23/IL-17 inhibitors in immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases: New horizons. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2019;55(4):400-406 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-400-406Ward MM, Deodhar A, Akl EA, Lui A, Ermann J, Gensler LS, et al. American College of Rheumatology/Spondylitis Association of America/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network 2015 recommendations for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(2):282-298. doi: 10.1002/art.39298Ward MM, Deodhar A, Akl EA, Lui A, Ermann J, Gensler LS, et al. American College of Rheumatology/Spondylitis Association of America/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network 2015 recommendations for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(2):282-298. doi: 10.1002/art.39298Gossec L, Baraliakos X, Kerschbaumer A, de Wit M, McInnes I, Dougados M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies: 2019 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(6):700-712. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217159Gossec L, Baraliakos X, Kerschbaumer A, de Wit M, McInnes I, Dougados M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies: 2019 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(6):700-712. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217159Singh JA, Guyatt G, Ogdie A, Gladman DD, Deal C, Deodhar A, et al. Special article: 2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation guideline for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019;71(1): 2-29. doi: 10.1002/acr.23789Singh JA, Guyatt G, Ogdie A, Gladman DD, Deal C, Deodhar A, et al. Special article: 2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation guideline for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019;71(1): 2-29. doi: 10.1002/acr.23789Wang R, Dasgupta A, Ward MM. Comparative efficacy of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors in ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and Bayesian network metaanalysis. J Rheumatol. 2018;45(4):481-490. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.170224Wang R, Dasgupta A, Ward MM. Comparative efficacy of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors in ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and Bayesian network metaanalysis. J Rheumatol. 2018;45(4):481-490. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.170224Rodriguez VR, Poddubnyy D. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) inhibitors in the treatment of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis: Current evidence and place in therapy. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2017;9(8):197-210. doi: 10.1177/1759720X17706454Rodriguez VR, Poddubnyy D. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) inhibitors in the treatment of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis: Current evidence and place in therapy. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2017;9(8):197-210. doi: 10.1177/1759720X17706454van der Heijde D, Ramiro S, Landewé R, Baraliakos X, Van den Bosch F, Sepriano A, et al. 2016 update of the ASASEULAR management recommendations for axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(6):978-991. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210770van der Heijde D, Ramiro S, Landewé R, Baraliakos X, Van den Bosch F, Sepriano A, et al. 2016 update of the ASASEULAR management recommendations for axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(6):978-991. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210770Anderson JJ, Baron G, van der Heijde D, Felson DT, Dougados M. Ankylosing spondylitis assessment group preliminary definition of short-term improvement in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44:1876-1886. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(200108)44:8<1876:: AID-ART326>3.0.CO;2-FAnderson JJ, Baron G, van der Heijde D, Felson DT, Dougados M. Ankylosing spondylitis assessment group preliminary definition of short-term improvement in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44:1876-1886. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(200108)44:8<1876:: AID-ART326>3.0.CO;2-FBaraliakos X, Gossec L, Pournara E, Jeka S, Mera-Varela A, D’Angelo S, et al. Secukinumab in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial manifestations: Results from the double-blind, randomised, phase 3 MAXIMISE trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(5):582-590. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218808Baraliakos X, Gossec L, Pournara E, Jeka S, Mera-Varela A, D’Angelo S, et al. Secukinumab in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial manifestations: Results from the double-blind, randomised, phase 3 MAXIMISE trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(5):582-590. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218808Carmona L, Sellas A, Rodríguez-Lozano C, Juanola X, García Llorente JF, Fernández Sueiro JL, et al. Scoring with the Berlin MRI method for assessment of spinal inflammatory activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A calibration exercise among rheumatologists. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013; 31(6):883-888.Carmona L, Sellas A, Rodríguez-Lozano C, Juanola X, García Llorente JF, Fernández Sueiro JL, et al. Scoring with the Berlin MRI method for assessment of spinal inflammatory activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A calibration exercise among rheumatologists. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013; 31(6):883-888.Deodhar A, Gensler LS, Sieper J, Clark M, Calderon C, Wang Y, et al. Three multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019;71(2):258-270. doi: 10.1002/art.40728Deodhar A, Gensler LS, Sieper J, Clark M, Calderon C, Wang Y, et al. Three multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019;71(2):258-270. doi: 10.1002/art.40728Baeten D, Østergaard M, Wei JC, Sieper J, Järvinen P, Tam LS, et al. Risankizumab, an IL-23 inhibitor, for ankylosing spondylitis: Results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept, dose-finding phase 2 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(9):1295-1302. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213328Baeten D, Østergaard M, Wei JC, Sieper J, Järvinen P, Tam LS, et al. Risankizumab, an IL-23 inhibitor, for ankylosing spondylitis: Results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept, dose-finding phase 2 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(9):1295-1302. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213328van der Heijde D, Deodhar A, Wei JC, Drescher E, Fleishaker D, Hendrikx T, et al. Tofacitinib in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A phase II, 16-week, randomised, placebo-controlled, doseranging study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(8):1340-1347. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210322van der Heijde D, Deodhar A, Wei JC, Drescher E, Fleishaker D, Hendrikx T, et al. Tofacitinib in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A phase II, 16-week, randomised, placebo-controlled, doseranging study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(8):1340-1347. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210322Губарь ЕЕ, Корсакова ЮЛ, Логинова ЕЮ, Смирнов АВ, Глухова СИ, Коротаева ТВ. Влияние терапии тофацитинибом на динамику активного сакроилиита у больных псориатическим артритом. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2021;59(2):134-140. doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2021-134-140Gubar EE, Korsakova YuL, Loginova EYu, Smirnov AV, Glukhova SI, Korotaeva TV. Effect of tofacitinib treatment on active MRI sacroiliitis in psoriatic arthritis patients. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2021;59(2):134-140 (In Russ.). doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2021-134-140McInnes IB, Kato K, Magrey M, Merola JF, Kishimoto M, Pacheco-Tena C, et al. Upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis and an inadequate response to non-biological therapy: 56-week data from the phase 3 SELECT-PsA 1 study. RMD Open. 2021;7(3):e001838. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001838McInnes IB, Kato K, Magrey M, Merola JF, Kishimoto M, Pacheco-Tena C, et al. Upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis and an inadequate response to non-biological therapy: 56-week data from the phase 3 SELECT-PsA 1 study. RMD Open. 2021;7(3):e001838. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001838Mease PJ, Lertratanakul A, Papp KA, van den Bosch FE, Tsuji S, Dokoupilova E, et al. Upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis and inadequate response to biologics: 56-week data from the randomized controlled phase 3 SELECT-PsA 2 study. Rheumatol Ther. 2021;8(2):903-919. doi: 10.1007/s40744-021-00305-zMease PJ, Lertratanakul A, Papp KA, van den Bosch FE, Tsuji S, Dokoupilova E, et al. Upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis and inadequate response to biologics: 56-week data from the randomized controlled phase 3 SELECT-PsA 2 study. Rheumatol Ther. 2021;8(2):903-919. doi: 10.1007/s40744-021-00305-zDeodhar A, Ranza R, Ganz F, Gao T, Anderson J, Ostor A. OP0233 Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial involvement. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1): 143. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.439Deodhar A, Ranza R, Ganz F, Gao T, Anderson J, Ostor A. OP0233 Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial involvement. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(Suppl 1): 143. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.439

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.