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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2023-276-291</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3355</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОГРЕСС В РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ В XXI ВЕКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROGRESS IN RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE XXI CENTURY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ревматоидный артрит как клинико-иммунологический синдром: фокус на серонегативный субтип заболевания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatoid arthritis as a clinical and immunological syndrome: focus on the seronegative subtype of the disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Насонов Е.Л. – д.м.н, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A; 119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nasonov@irramn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-9175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеева А.С. – д.м.н, заведующий лаборатории иммунологии и молекулярной биологии ревматических заболеваний </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-0464</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дибров</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dibrov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дибров Д. А. – аспирант (научный руководитель – д.м.н. А.С. Авдеева) </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>276</fpage><lpage>291</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Насонов Е.Л., Авдеева А.С., Дибров Д.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Насонов Е.Л., Авдеева А.С., Дибров Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nasonov E.L., Avdeeva A.S., Dibrov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3355">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3355</self-uri><abstract><p>Ревматоидный артрит (РА) – наиболее частое иммуновоспалительное (аутоиммунное) ревматическое заболевание (ИВРЗ), проявляющийся хроническим эрозивным артритом и системным поражением внутренних органов. В настоящее время РА рассматривается как синдром, характеризующийся клинической и патогенетической гетерогенностью, связанной с многообразием механизмов патологической активации врожденного и приобретенного иммунитета, определяющих вариабильность течения и исходов воспалительного процесса и эффективность терапии. На основании выявления или отсутствия IgM ревматоидного фактора (РФ) и антител к циклическим цитруллинированным пептидам (АЦЦП) РА условно подразделяется на два субтипа (фенотипа): серопозитивный РА и серонегативный РА, – однако благодаря совершенствованию методов лабораторной диагностики спектр аутоантител, выявляемых при РА, существенно увеличился. Диагностика серонегативного РА, основанная на классификационных (а не диагностических) критериях, может быть затруднена, особенно на ранних стадиях заболевания, и диагноз устанавливается только в процессе длительного наблюдения пациентов. Это усложняет своевременное назначение адекватной противовоспалительной терапии. В статье суммированы данные, касающиеся проблем генетической предрасположенности, иммунопатогенеза, биомаркеров, клинического спектра, инструментальной диагностики и фармакотерапии серонегативного РА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common immune mediated (autoimmune) rheumatic disease, manifested by chronic erosive arthritis and systemic internal organ damage. Currently, RA is considered as a syndrome characterized by clinical and pathogenetic heterogeneity associated with a variety of mechanisms of pathological activation of innate and acquired immunity, determining the variability of the course and outcome of the inflammatory process and effectiveness of therapy. Based on the detection or absence of rheumatoid factor (RF) IgM and antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides (ACCP), RA can be conventionally divided into two subtypes (phenotypes): seropositive RA and seronegative RA, but thanks to improvement of laboratory diagnostic methods the spectrum of autoantibodies detected in RA has increased significantly. Diagnosis of seronegative RA based on classification (rather than diagnostic) criteria can be difficult, especially in the early stages of the disease, and the diagnosis is made only during long-term follow-up of patients. It complicates the timely prescription of adequate anti-inflammatory therapy. This article summarizes the data on genetic predisposition, immunopathogenesis, biomarkers, clinical spectrum, instrumental diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of seronegative RA.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>серопозитивный ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>серонегативный ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный фактор</kwd><kwd>антитела к цитруллинированным белкам</kwd><kwd>новые аутоантитела при ревматоидном артрите</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis seropositive rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>seronegative rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid factor</kwd><kwd>anti-citrullinated protein antibodies</kwd><kwd>new autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smolen JS, Aletaha D, Barton A, Burmester GR, Emery P, Firestein GS, Kavanaugh A, et al. 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