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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2023-330-338</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3360</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вакцинопрофилактика пневмококковой инфекции у пациентов с системной красной волчанкой и антифосфолипидным синдромом: опыт 6-летнего применения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vaccination of pneumococcal infection in patients with systemic lupus erythe matosus and antiphospholipid syndrome: experience of 6 years of use</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9933-5350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tarasovagm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-2054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-2522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетняк</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnyak</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3246-1157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкасова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkasova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>330</fpage><lpage>338</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарасова Г.М., Белов Б.С., Решетняк Т.М., Черкасова М.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарасова Г.М., Белов Б.С., Решетняк Т.М., Черкасова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarasova G.M., Belov B.S., Reshetnyak T.M., Cherkasova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3360">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3360</self-uri><abstract><p>Инфекции остаются одной из основных причин заболеваемости и смертности у пациентов с иммуновоспалительными ревматическими заболеваниями. Цель работы – изучение эффективности, иммуногенности и безопасности 23-валентной полисахаридной пневмококковой вакцины (ППВ-23) у больных системной красной волчанкой (СКВ) и антифосфолипидным синдромом (АФС). Материалы и методы. В исследование включен 91 пациент: 78 – с СКВ, 18 (23%) из них с вторичным АФС, 13 – с первичным. 85 пациентов получали иммуносупрессивную терапию, в т. ч. 30 – генно-инженерные биологические препараты (ГИБП); 23 – антикоагулянты. ППВ-23 вводили подкожно; пациенты наблюдались в течение года после вакцинации. Результаты. Местные реакции наблюдались у 49% больных СКВ с вторичным АФС и у 23% больных с первичным. Общие реакции отмечались в единичных случаях, были кратковременными и не требовали дополнительных назначений. За период наблюдения не выявлено обострений СКВ, рецидивов тромбоза и тромбоэмболии, связанных с вакцинацией; не зарегистрировано развития новых аутоиммунных заболеваний. 10 (13%) пациентов с СКВ иммунизированы на фоне высокой активности заболевания, нежелательные реакции не зафиксированы. У части больных в течение года наблюдалось транзиторное повышение уровня антител к ДНК и антинуклеарного фактора без признаков обострения заболевания. 56% пациентов с СКВ и вторичным АФС и 15,4% с первичным АФС явились «ответчиками» на вакцину. Не выявлено негативного влияния на иммунный ответ дозы глюкокортикоидов ≥10 мг/сут., возраста, длительности и активности заболевания. На фоне терапии ГИБП полноценный вакцинальный ответ регистрировали статистически значимо реже, чем при стандартной терапии (в 38% и 67,4% случаев соответственно; р=0,01). После вакцинации отмечено статистически значимое уменьшение числа инфекций нижних дыхательных путей (ИНДП; р=0,0001), в т. ч. внебольничной пневмонии (ПН; р=0,03) и острого бронхита (р=0,04), а также ЛОР-инфекций (р=0,001). На фоне терапии ритуксимабом (РТМ) наблюдалось большее количество ИНДП, чем при назначении белимумаба (БЛМ), в основном за счет ПН. После вакцинации у пациентов, получавших РТМ, уменьшилось число ИНДП в целом (р=0,008) и ПН в частности (р=0,03); на фоне терапии БЛМ регистрировались единичные случаи ИНДП и ЛОР-инфекций. У 30 больных СКВ клинический эффект вакцинации сохранялся в течение 4–6 лет, при этом иммуногенность снизилась до 18%. Заключение. Показаны безопасность, достаточная иммуногенность и клиническая эффективность ППВ23 у больных СКВ и АФС. Применение ГИБП снижает вакцинальный ответ. Иммунизация, выполненная до начала или на фоне терапии ГИБП длительностью &lt;1 года, повышает число ответивших на вакцину.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Infections remain one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Objective – to study the efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV-23) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (AРS). Materials and methods. 91 patients were included in the study: 78 with SLE, of which 18 (23 %) – with secondary AРS, 13 – with primary AРS. 85 patients received immunosuppressive therapy, including 30 – genetically engineered biological drugs (bDMARD); 23 – anticoagulants. PPV-23 was administered subcutaneously, patients were observed for a year after vaccination. Results. Local reactions were observed in 49% of patients with SLE and secondary AРS, in 23% of patients with primary AРS. General reactions were noted in isolated cases, were short-term and did not require additional prescriptions. During the follow-up period, no exacerbations of SLE, relapses of thrombosis and thromboembolism associated with vaccination were detected; no development of new autoimmune diseases was registered. 10 (13%) patients with SLE were immunized against the background of high activity of the disease, no adverse reactions were recorded. In some patients, a transient increase in a-DNA and ANF was observed during the year without signs of exacerbation of the disease. 56% of patients with SLE and secondary AРS, 15.4% with primary AРS were “responders” to the vaccine. There was no negative effect on the immune response of the dose of GC &gt;10 mg/day, age, duration and activity of the disease. With the treatment of bDMARD, a full-fledged vaccine response was recorded much less frequently than with standard therapy (38% and 67.4%, respectively; p=0.01). After vaccination, there was a significant decrease in the number of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) (p=0.0001), including community-acquired pneumonia (PN) (p=0.03) and acute bronchitis (p=0.04), ENT infections (p=0.001). In the treatment of rituximab (RTM), compared with belimumab (BLM), a greater number of LRTI was observed, mainly due to PN. After vaccination on RTM therapy, the number of INDP in general (p=0.008) and PN in particular (p=0.03) decreased, isolated cases of LRTI and ENT organs were recorded on BLM therapy. Within 4–6 years after vaccination, 30 patients with SLE retained the clinical effect of vaccination, while immunogenicity decreased to 18%. Conclusion. Safety, sufficient immunogenicity, and clinical efficacy of PPV-23 in patients with SLE and AРS have been shown. The use of bDMARD reduces the vaccine response. Immunization performed prior to or during treatment with bDMARD lasting &lt;1 year increases the number of vaccine responders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>системная красная волчанка</kwd><kwd>антифосфолипидный синдром</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>infections</kwd><kwd>systemic lupus erythematosus</kwd><kwd>antiphospholipid syndrome</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках научно-исследовательских работ ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой», № государственных заданий 1021051402790-6 и 1021051503137-7.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zandman-Goddard G, Shoenfeld Y. 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