rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.47360/1995-4484-2023-397-420rsp-3394Research ArticleПЕРЕДОВАЯLEADING ARTICLEСовременная концепция аутоиммунитета в ревматологииModern concept of autoimmunity in rheumatologyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360НасоновЕ. Л.NasonovE. L.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

 115522,  Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A  119991,Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2

nasonov@irramn.ruФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)Russian Federation202331082023614397420Copyright © Насонов Е.Л., 20232023Насонов Е.Л.Nasonov E.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3394

В спектре механизмов хронического воспаления центральное место занимают два фундаментальных патологических процесса – аутоиммунитет и аутовоспаление. Аутоиммунитет и аутовоспаление – взаимопотенциирующие патологические процессы, их развитие рассматривают в рамках «иммуновоспалительного» континуума (непрерывность при многообразии элементов), отражающего тесную взаимосвязь между врожденным и приобретенным типами иммунного ответа. Аутоиммунитет – ведущий механизм патогенеза большой группы хронических воспалительных заболеваний человека, определяющихся как аутоиммунные болезни, частота которых в популяции превышает 10%. Достижения молекулярной биологии, фармакогенетики и биоинформатики создали предпосылки для индивидуализации терапии аутоиммунных ревматических заболеваний в рамках концепции «персонифицированной» (personalized) медицины. Изучение механизмов иммунопатогенеза, совершенствование диагностики, расшифровка природы молекулярной таксономии, разработки подходов к профилактике и персонифицированной терапии аутоиммунных заболеваний человека относятся к числу приоритетных направлений медицины XXI века

Two fundamental pathologic processes are central to the spectrum of chronic inflammation mechanisms: autoimmunity and autoinflammation. Autoimmunity and autoinflammation are mutually potent pathologic processes; their development is considered within the framework of the “immunoinflammatory” continuum, reflecting the close relationship between innate and acquired types of immune response. Autoimmunity is the leading mechanism of pathogenesis of a large group of chronic inflammatory human diseases, defined as autoimmune diseases, the frequency of which in the population exceeds 10%. Advances in molecular biology, pharmacogenetics and bioinformatics have created prerequisites for individualization of therapy of autoimmune rheumatic diseases within the concept of personalized medicine. The study of immunopathogenesis mechanisms, improvement of diagnostics, deciphering the nature of molecular taxonomy, development of approaches to prevention and personalized therapy of human autoimmune diseases is among the priority directions of medicine of the 21st century.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.