rspНаучно-практическая ревматологияRheumatology Science and Practice1995-44841995-4492IMA-PRESS, LLC10.47360/1995-4484-2023-650-657rsp-3470Research ArticleМЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ И РОССИЙСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО ЛЕЧЕНИЮ РЕВМАТИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙINTERNATIONAL AND RUSSIAN GUIDELINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF RHEUMATIC DISEASESЭволюция международных классификационных критериев синдрома ШегренаThe evolution of international classification criteria for Sjogren’s syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-1466ХванЮ. И.KhvanJ. I.

Хван Юлия Иннокентиевна.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а

Julia I. Khvan.

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A

julija.hwan@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-2107ТоргашинаА. В.TorgashinaA. V.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а

Anna V. Torgashina.

115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian Federation202331122023616650657Copyright © Хван Ю.И., Торгашина А.В., 20242024Хван Ю.И., Торгашина А.В.Khvan J.I., Torgashina A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3470

В данной статье представлен обзор истории развития международных классификационных критериев синдрома Шегрена Американской коллегии ревматологов/Европейского альянса ревматологических ассоциаций (ACR/EULAR, American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) 2016 г., рассмотрены особенности валидации и разработки предварительных Европейских критериев 1993 г., критериев Американско-Европейской группы (AECG, American European Consensus Group) 2002 г. и критериев ACR 2012 г.

This article presents review of literature of the history of international classification criteria of American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (ACR/EULAR) 2016, considers the features of validation and development of preliminary European criteria 1993, criteria of American European Consensus Group (AECG) 2002 and ACR 2012 criteria.

болезнь Шегренасиндром Шегренапервичный синдром Шегренавторичный синдром Шегренаклассификационные критериидиагностикаprimary Sjögren’s syndromeSjögren’s syndromesecondary Sjögren’s syndromeclassification criteriadiagnosisСтатья подготовлена в рамках фундаментальной научной темы № 1021051402790-6.ReferencesНасонов ЕЛ, Насонова ВА (ред.). Ревматология: Национальное руководство. М.:ГЭОТАР-Медиа;2008.Nasonov EL, Nasonova VA (eds). Rheumatology: National guidelines. Moscow:GEOTAR-Media;2008 (In Russ.).Prause JU, Manthorpe R, Oxholm P, Schiødt M. Definition and criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome used by the contributors to the First International Seminar on Sjögren’s syndrome – 1986. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:17-18.Prause JU, Manthorpe R, Oxholm P, Schiødt M. Definition and criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome used by the contributors to the First International Seminar on Sjögren’s syndrome – 1986. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:17-18.Homma M, Tojo T, Akizuki M, Yamagata H. Criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome in Japan. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:26-27.Homma M, Tojo T, Akizuki M, Yamagata H. Criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome in Japan. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:26-27.Manthorpe R, Oxholm P, Prause JU, Schiødt M. The Copenhagen criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:19-21.Manthorpe R, Oxholm P, Prause JU, Schiødt M. The Copenhagen criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:19-21.Fox RI, Robinson C, Curd J, Michelson P, Bone R, Howell FV. First international symposium on Sjögren’s syndrome: Suggested criteria for classification. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:28-30.Fox RI, Robinson C, Curd J, Michelson P, Bone R, Howell FV. First international symposium on Sjögren’s syndrome: Suggested criteria for classification. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:28-30.Skopouli FN, Drosos AA, Papaioannou T, Moutsopoulos HM. Preliminary diagnostic criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:22-25.Skopouli FN, Drosos AA, Papaioannou T, Moutsopoulos HM. Preliminary diagnostic criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:22-25.Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Moutsopoulos HM, Balestrieri G, Bencivelli W, Bernstein RM, et al. Preliminary criteria for the classification of Sjögren’s syndrome. Results of a prospective concerted action supported by the European Community. Arthritis Rheum. 1993;36(3):340-347. doi: 10.1002/art.1780360309Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Moutsopoulos HM, Balestrieri G, Bencivelli W, Bernstein RM, et al. Preliminary criteria for the classification of Sjögren’s syndrome. Results of a prospective concerted action supported by the European Community. Arthritis Rheum. 1993;36(3):340-347. doi: 10.1002/art.1780360309Daniels TE. Do we need new diagnostic criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome? Presse Med. 2012;41(9 Pt 2):441-449. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2012.05.023Daniels TE. Do we need new diagnostic criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome? Presse Med. 2012;41(9 Pt 2):441-449. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2012.05.023Workshop on Diagnostic Criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: I. Questionnaires for dry eye and dry mouth. II. Manual of methods and procedures. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1989;7:212-219.Workshop on Diagnostic Criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: I. Questionnaires for dry eye and dry mouth. II. Manual of methods and procedures. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1989;7:212-219.Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Jonsson R, Moutsopoulos HM, Alexander EL, Carsons SE, et al.; European Study Group on Classification Criteria for Sjögren’s Syndrome. Classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome: A revised version of the European criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(6):554-558. doi: 10.1136/ard.61.6.554Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Jonsson R, Moutsopoulos HM, Alexander EL, Carsons SE, et al.; European Study Group on Classification Criteria for Sjögren’s Syndrome. Classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome: A revised version of the European criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(6):554-558. doi: 10.1136/ard.61.6.554Shiboski SC, Shiboski CH, Criswell L, Baer A, Challacombe S, Lanfranchi H, et al.; Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance (SICCA) Research Groups. American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome: A data-driven, expert consensus approach in the Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64(4):475-487. doi: 10.1002/acr.21591Shiboski SC, Shiboski CH, Criswell L, Baer A, Challacombe S, Lanfranchi H, et al.; Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance (SICCA) Research Groups. American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome: A data-driven, expert consensus approach in the Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64(4):475-487. doi: 10.1002/acr.21591Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R, Criswell LA, Labetoulle M, Lietman TM, et al.; International Sjögren’s Syndrome Criteria Working Group. 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome: A consensus and data-driven methodology involving three international patient cohorts. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(1):9-16. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210571Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R, Criswell LA, Labetoulle M, Lietman TM, et al.; International Sjögren’s Syndrome Criteria Working Group. 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome: A consensus and data-driven methodology involving three international patient cohorts. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(1):9-16. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210571Seror R, Ravaud P, Bowman SJ, Baron G, Tzioufas A, Theander E, et al.; EULAR Sjögren’s Task Force. EULAR Sjogren’s syndrome disease activity index: Development of a consensus systemic disease activity index for primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(6):1103-1109. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.110619Seror R, Ravaud P, Bowman SJ, Baron G, Tzioufas A, Theander E, et al.; EULAR Sjögren’s Task Force. EULAR Sjogren’s syndrome disease activity index: Development of a consensus systemic disease activity index for primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(6):1103-1109. doi: 10.1136/ard.2009.110619Seror R, Bowman SJ, Brito-Zeron P, Theander E, Bootsma H, Tzioufas A, et al. EULAR Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI): A user guide. RMD Open. 2015;1(1):e000022. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2014-000022Seror R, Bowman SJ, Brito-Zeron P, Theander E, Bootsma H, Tzioufas A, et al. EULAR Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI): A user guide. RMD Open. 2015;1(1):e000022. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2014-000022Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1988;31(3):315-324. doi: 10.1002/art.1780310302Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1988;31(3):315-324. doi: 10.1002/art.1780310302Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, McShane DJ, Rothfield NF, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1982;25(11): 1271-1277. doi: 10.1002/art.1780251101Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, McShane DJ, Rothfield NF, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1982;25(11): 1271-1277. doi: 10.1002/art.1780251101Daniels TE, Whitcher JP. Association of patterns of labial salivary gland inflammation with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Analysis of 618 patients with suspected Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 1994;37(6):869-877. doi: 10.1002/art.1780370615Daniels TE, Whitcher JP. Association of patterns of labial salivary gland inflammation with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Analysis of 618 patients with suspected Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 1994;37(6):869-877. doi: 10.1002/art.1780370615Rubin H, Holt M. Secretory sialography in diseases of the major salivary glands. Am J Roentgenol. 1957;77:575-598.Rubin H, Holt M. Secretory sialography in diseases of the major salivary glands. Am J Roentgenol. 1957;77:575-598.Schall GL, Anderson LG, Wolf RO, Herdt JR, Tarpley TM Jr, Cummings NA, et al. Xerostomia in Sjögren’s syndrome. Evaluation by sequential salivary scintigraphy. JAMA. 1971;216(13):2109-2116.Schall GL, Anderson LG, Wolf RO, Herdt JR, Tarpley TM Jr, Cummings NA, et al. Xerostomia in Sjögren’s syndrome. Evaluation by sequential salivary scintigraphy. JAMA. 1971;216(13):2109-2116.Vitali C, Bootsma H, Bowman SJ, Dorner T, Gottenberg JE, Mariette X, et al. Classification criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: We actually need to definitively resolve the long debate on the issue. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(4):476-478. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202565Vitali C, Bootsma H, Bowman SJ, Dorner T, Gottenberg JE, Mariette X, et al. Classification criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: We actually need to definitively resolve the long debate on the issue. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(4):476-478. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202565Daniels TE, Cox D, Shiboski CH, Schiødt M, Wu A, Lanfranchi H, et al.; Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance Research Groups. Associations between salivary gland histopathologic diagnoses and phenotypic features of Sjögren’s syndrome among 1,726 registry participants. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(7):2021-2030. doi: 10.1002/art.30381Daniels TE, Cox D, Shiboski CH, Schiødt M, Wu A, Lanfranchi H, et al.; Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance Research Groups. Associations between salivary gland histopathologic diagnoses and phenotypic features of Sjögren’s syndrome among 1,726 registry participants. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(7):2021-2030. doi: 10.1002/art.30381Feenstra RP, Tseng SC. Comparison of fluorescein and rose bengal staining. Ophthalmology. 1992;99(4):605-617. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(92)31947-5Feenstra RP, Tseng SC. Comparison of fluorescein and rose bengal staining. Ophthalmology. 1992;99(4):605-617. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(92)31947-5Whitcher JP, Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Heidenreich AM, Kitagawa K, Zhang S, et al.; Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance Research Groups. A simplified quantitative method for assessing keratoconjunctivitis sicca from the Sjögren’s Syndrome International Registry. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;149(3):405-415. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2009.09.013Whitcher JP, Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Heidenreich AM, Kitagawa K, Zhang S, et al.; Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance Research Groups. A simplified quantitative method for assessing keratoconjunctivitis sicca from the Sjögren’s Syndrome International Registry. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;149(3):405-415. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2009.09.013Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, Funovits J, Felson DT, Bingham CO 3rd, et al. 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: An American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(9):2569-2581. doi: 10.1002/art.27584Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, Funovits J, Felson DT, Bingham CO 3rd, et al. 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: An American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(9):2569-2581. doi: 10.1002/art.27584van den Hoogen F, Khanna D, Fransen J, Johnson SR, Baron M, Tyndall A, et al. 2013 classification criteria for systemic sclerosis: An American college of rheumatology/European league against rheumatism collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(11):1747-1755. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204424van den Hoogen F, Khanna D, Fransen J, Johnson SR, Baron M, Tyndall A, et al. 2013 classification criteria for systemic sclerosis: An American college of rheumatology/European league against rheumatism collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(11):1747-1755. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204424Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap) – A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42(2):377-381. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap) – A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42(2):377-381. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010Bowman SJ, Fox RI. Classification criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: Nothing ever stands still! Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(1):1-2. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203953Bowman SJ, Fox RI. Classification criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: Nothing ever stands still! Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(1):1-2. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203953Baldini C, Talarico R, Luciano N, Tavoni A, Bombardieri S. Are the revised American European Consensus Criteria too stringent for primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS)? The experience on a large monocentric cohort of pSS patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(Suppl 3):391.Baldini C, Talarico R, Luciano N, Tavoni A, Bombardieri S. Are the revised American European Consensus Criteria too stringent for primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS)? The experience on a large monocentric cohort of pSS patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(Suppl 3):391.Rasmussen A, Ice JA, Li H, Grundahl K, Kelly JA, Radfar L, et al. Comparison of the American-European Consensus Group Sjogren’s syndrome classification criteria to newly proposed American College of Rheumatology criteria in a large, carefully characterised sicca cohort. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(1):31-38. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203845Rasmussen A, Ice JA, Li H, Grundahl K, Kelly JA, Radfar L, et al. Comparison of the American-European Consensus Group Sjogren’s syndrome classification criteria to newly proposed American College of Rheumatology criteria in a large, carefully characterised sicca cohort. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(1):31-38. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203845Franceschini F, Cavazzana I, Andreoli L, Tincani A. The 2016 classification criteria for primary Sjogren’s syndrome: What’s new? BMC Med. 2017;15(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0837-1Franceschini F, Cavazzana I, Andreoli L, Tincani A. The 2016 classification criteria for primary Sjogren’s syndrome: What’s new? BMC Med. 2017;15(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0837-1Fox RI, Robinson CA, Curd JG, Kozin F, Howell FV. Sjögren’s syndrome. Proposed criteria for classification. Arthritis Rheum. 1986;29(5):577-585. doi: 10.1002/art.1780290501Fox RI, Robinson CA, Curd JG, Kozin F, Howell FV. Sjögren’s syndrome. Proposed criteria for classification. Arthritis Rheum. 1986;29(5):577-585. doi: 10.1002/art.1780290501Routsias JG, Tzioufas AG. Sjögren’s syndrome – Study of autoantigens and autoantibodies. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2007;32(3):238-251. doi: 10.1007/s12016-007-8003-8Routsias JG, Tzioufas AG. Sjögren’s syndrome – Study of autoantigens and autoantibodies. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2007;32(3):238-251. doi: 10.1007/s12016-007-8003-8Tsuboi H, Hagiwara S, Asashima H, Takahashi H, Hirota T, Noma H, et al. Comparison of performance of the 2016 ACR-EULAR classification criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome with other sets of criteria in Japanese patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(12):1980-1985. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210758Tsuboi H, Hagiwara S, Asashima H, Takahashi H, Hirota T, Noma H, et al. Comparison of performance of the 2016 ACR-EULAR classification criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome with other sets of criteria in Japanese patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(12):1980-1985. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210758Brito-Zerón P, Acar-Denizli N, Zeher M, Rasmussen A, Seror R, Theander E, et al.; EULAR-SS Task Force Big Data Consortium. Influence of geolocation and ethnicity on the phenotypic expression of primary Sjögren’s syndrome at diagnosis in 8310 patients: A cross-sectional study from the Big Data Sjögren Project Consortium. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(6):1042-1050. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209952Brito-Zerón P, Acar-Denizli N, Zeher M, Rasmussen A, Seror R, Theander E, et al.; EULAR-SS Task Force Big Data Consortium. Influence of geolocation and ethnicity on the phenotypic expression of primary Sjögren’s syndrome at diagnosis in 8310 patients: A cross-sectional study from the Big Data Sjögren Project Consortium. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(6):1042-1050. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209952van Nimwegen JF, van Ginkel MS, Arends S, Haacke EA, van der Vegt B, Sillevis Smitt-Kamminga N, et al. Validation of the ACR-EULAR criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome in a Dutch prospective diagnostic cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(5):818-825. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex495van Nimwegen JF, van Ginkel MS, Arends S, Haacke EA, van der Vegt B, Sillevis Smitt-Kamminga N, et al. Validation of the ACR-EULAR criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome in a Dutch prospective diagnostic cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(5):818-825. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex495Delli K, Spijkervet FK, Kroese FG, Bootsma H, Vissink A. Xerostomia. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;24:109-125. doi: 10.1159/000358792Delli K, Spijkervet FK, Kroese FG, Bootsma H, Vissink A. Xerostomia. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;24:109-125. doi: 10.1159/000358792Fiscella RG. Understanding dry eye disease: A managed care perspective. Am J Manag Care. 2011;17(Suppl 16):432-439.Fiscella RG. Understanding dry eye disease: A managed care perspective. Am J Manag Care. 2011;17(Suppl 16):432-439.Vitali C. Classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62(1):94-95. doi: 10.1136/ard.62.1.94Vitali C. Classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62(1):94-95. doi: 10.1136/ard.62.1.94Hocevar A, Ambrozic A, Rozman B, Kveder T, Tomsic M. Ultrasonographic changes of major salivary glands in primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Diagnostic value of a novel scoring system. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44(6):768-772. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh588Hocevar A, Ambrozic A, Rozman B, Kveder T, Tomsic M. Ultrasonographic changes of major salivary glands in primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Diagnostic value of a novel scoring system. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44(6):768-772. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh588Delli K, Dijkstra PU, Stel AJ, Bootsma H, Vissink A, Spijkervet FK. Diagnostic properties of ultrasound of major salivary glands in Sjögren’s syndrome: A meta-analysis. Oral Dis. 2015; 21(6):792-800. doi: 10.1111/odi.12349Delli K, Dijkstra PU, Stel AJ, Bootsma H, Vissink A, Spijkervet FK. Diagnostic properties of ultrasound of major salivary glands in Sjögren’s syndrome: A meta-analysis. Oral Dis. 2015; 21(6):792-800. doi: 10.1111/odi.12349Cornec D, Jousse-Joulin S, Pers JO, Marhadour T, Cochener B, Boisramé-Gastrin S, et al. Contribution of salivary gland ultrasonography to the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome: Toward new diagnostic criteria? Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(1):216-225. doi: 10.1002/art.37698Cornec D, Jousse-Joulin S, Pers JO, Marhadour T, Cochener B, Boisramé-Gastrin S, et al. Contribution of salivary gland ultrasonography to the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome: Toward new diagnostic criteria? Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(1):216-225. doi: 10.1002/art.37698Baldini C, Luciano N, Tarantini G, Pascale R, Sernissi F, Mosca M, et al. Salivary gland ultrasonography: A highly specific tool for the early diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s13075-015-0657-7Baldini C, Luciano N, Tarantini G, Pascale R, Sernissi F, Mosca M, et al. Salivary gland ultrasonography: A highly specific tool for the early diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s13075-015-0657-7van Nimwegen JF, Mossel E, Delli K, van Ginkel MS, Stel AJ, Kroese FGM, et al. Incorporation of salivary gland ultrasonography into the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020;72(4):583-590. doi: 10.1002/acr.24017van Nimwegen JF, Mossel E, Delli K, van Ginkel MS, Stel AJ, Kroese FGM, et al. Incorporation of salivary gland ultrasonography into the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020;72(4):583-590. doi: 10.1002/acr.24017

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.