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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2024-513-522</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3637</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Когнитивные нарушения у больных ревматоидным артритом с сопутствующими расстройствами тревожно-депрессивного спектра: пятилетнее проспективное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cognitive impairments in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders: Outcomes of the five-years prospective study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1504-5645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абрамкин Антон Анатольевич</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton Abramkin</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">angrydoctor2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-406X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисицына</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisitsyna</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5210-2605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вельтищев</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veltishchev</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107076, Москва, ул. Потешная, 3, корп. 10</p><p>17997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>107076, Moscow, Poteshnaya str., 3, building 10</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovitianova str., 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5839-4637</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серавина</surname><given-names>О. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seravina</surname><given-names>O. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107076, Москва, ул. Потешная, 3, корп. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>107076, Moscow, Poteshnaya str., 3, building 10</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-4337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевская</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107076, Москва, ул. Потешная, 3, корп. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>107076, Moscow, Poteshnaya str., 3, building 10</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глухова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glukhova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow,Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p><p>119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – Branch of the Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – Branch of the Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>513</fpage><lpage>522</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абрамкин А.А., Лисицына Т.А., Вельтищев Д.Ю., Серавина О.Ф., Ковалевская О.Б., Глухова С.И., Насонов Е.Л., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абрамкин А.А., Лисицына Т.А., Вельтищев Д.Ю., Серавина О.Ф., Ковалевская О.Б., Глухова С.И., Насонов Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abramkin A.A., Lisitsyna T.A., Veltishchev D.Y., Seravina O.F., Kovalevskaya O.B., Glukhova S.I., Nasonov E.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3637">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3637</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценить структуру и исходы умеренных когнитивных нарушений (УКН) у больных ревматоидным артритом (РА) с сопутствующими расстройствами тревожно-депрессивного спектра (РТДС), получающих синтетические базисные противовоспалительные препараты (сБПВП) в виде монотерапии или в сочетании с генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами (ГИБП) и/или психофармакотерапией (ПФТ) расстройств тревожно-депрессивного спектра. Определить факторы, связанные с умеренными когнитивными нарушениями после 5 лет наблюдения.Материал и методы. Психиатром были обследованы 128 пациентов с достоверным диагнозом РА. РТДС выявлены у 123 (96,1%) из них, УКН определялись в ходе клинико-психологического обследования с использованием блока патопсихологических и проективных методик. Полный регресс одного или нескольких видов когнитивных нарушений (КН), а также отсутствие КН на протяжении всего исследования считали желательным исходом. Пациентам была предложена ПФТ, 52 (42,3%) больных согласились. В зависимости от терапии выделены следующие терапевтические группы: сБПВП (n=39); сБПВП + ПФТ (n= 43); сБПВП + ГИБП (n=32); сБПВП + ГИБП + ПФТ (n=9). Факторы, связанные с УКН после 5 лет наблюдения, определяли с помощью многофакторной логистической регрессии.Результаты. Исходно УКН выявлялись у подавляющего большинства больных (73,2%), преимущественно в виде нарушений логического мышления (51,2%) и памяти (67,5%). Через 5 лет данные по структуре УКН были получены для 74 больных. Суммарная доля УКН в группах без ПФТ через 5 лет возросла с 69% до 85,7% (р=0,037), вероятность УКН в этих группах была статистически значимо выше, чем в группах ПФТ (85,7% против 62,5%; относительный риск – 1,37; р=0,021). Среди пациентов с желательным исходом УКН реже встречалась большая депрессия, отмечалась меньшая исходная выраженность депрессии вместе с положительной динамикой по шкале Монтгомери – Асберга и большей частотой ремиссии РТДС. С УКН после 5 лет наблюдения положительно ассоциировались исходные значения DAS28 (Disease Activity Score 28) (отношение шансов (ОШ) – 1,29; р&lt;0,001) и отрицательно – ремиссия РТДС к 5-му году наблюдения (ОШ=0,25; р=0,03) (R2=0,48; p&lt;0,001).Заключение. УКН и РТДС встречаются у подавляющего большинства больных РА. УКН без лечения, как правило, остаются без изменений или нарастают, ПФТ антидепрессантами ассоциируется с меньшей частотой УКН в отдаленной перспективе. Персонифицированная ПФТ с использованием антидепрессантов и нейролептиков может рассматриваться как один из подходов к коррекции УКН в данной категории пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim – to assess baseline rates and five-years outcomes of mild cognitive impairments (MCI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders (ADD) receiving conventional synthetic diseasemodifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) alone or in combination with biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) and/or adequate psychopharmacotherapy (PPT). To assess factors associated with MCI after five years.Materials and methods. 128 RA patients were enrolled, ADD were diagnosed in 123 (96.1%) by a licensed psychiatrist. Severity of depression and anxiety was evaluated with Montgomery – Asberg and Hamilton Anxiety scales. CI were diagnosed during clinical and psychological examination using the battery of pathopsychological and projective techniques. CI outcomes were considered favourable in cases with no CI diagnosed throughout the study and in cases of CI reversal. PPT was offered, 52 (42.3%) agreed. Patients were divided into the following treatment groups: сsDMARDs (n=39), сsDMARDs + PPT (n=43), сsDMARDs + bDMARDs (n=32), сsDMARDs + bDMARDs + PPT (n=9). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with CI after five years.Results. MCI were diagnosed in a majority of RA patients (73.2%) including logical thinking impairments (51.2%) and memory deficit (67.5%). At 5-years endpoint 74 patients were included. Total CI rates in no-PPT groups increased from 69 to 85.7% (p=0.037) and were higher compared to PPT groups (85.7% vs 62.5%; р=0.021; RR=1.37). Patients with favourable CI outcomes had lower major depression prevalence and baseline Montgomery – Asberg scores, major improvement in depression symptoms and higher rates of ADD remission after five years. Baseline DAS28 (OR=1.29; р&lt;0.001) was positively associated and remission of ADD negatively associated with MCI after five years (OR=0.25; р=0.03), R2=0.48; p&lt;0.001.Conclusion. ADD and MCI are highly prevalent in RA patients. While CI tend to persist and worsen over time, PPT is associated with reduced risk of CI in long-term perspective. Personalized PPT with antidepressants and neuroleptics may show potential to lessen the rates of MCI in RA patients with ADD.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>расстройства тревожно-депрессивного спектра</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>антидепрессанты</kwd><kwd>психофармакотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>antidepressants</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairments</kwd><kwd>psychopharmacotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа проводилась в рамках межинститутского сотрудничества и научного исследования (регистрационный № 1022122100037-3 РК 123041800015-7) и одобрена этическим комитетом ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой и ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. 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