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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2025-138-145</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3723</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОГРЕСС В РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ В XXI ВЕКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROGRESS IN RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE XXI CENTURY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цитологическая таксономия хронической боли при ревматоидном артрите</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cytological taxonomy of chronic pain in rheumatoid arthritis: A brief descriptive review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-0711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каратеев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karateev</surname><given-names>A. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каратеев Андрей Евгеньевич – д.м.н., заведующий Лабораторией патофизиологии боли и полиморфизма ревматических заболеваний</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey E. Karateev</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aekarat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-5447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полищук</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polishchuk</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Polishchuk</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>138</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каратеев А.Е., Полищук Е.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каратеев А.Е., Полищук Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karateev A.Е., Polishchuk E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3723">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3723</self-uri><abstract><p>Хроническая боль – основное проявление ревматоидного артрита (РА), во многом определяющее тяжесть страданий и функциональных нарушений. Хотя появление болевых ощущений при РА прежде всего связано с аутоиммунным воспалением, тем не менее, они могут сохраняться на фоне низкой активности и даже ремиссии заболевания. Это заставляет искать причины и особенности развития хронической боли при РА. Представляется, что классификация типов боли при РА может помочь в персонализации подходов для ее медикаментозного контроля. В этом плане большой интерес вызывает оценка взаимосвязи боли и клеточного состава (патотипа) синовита при РА. Известны три основных патотипа: лимфоидный (с преобладанием Ти В-лимфоцитов, плазмоцитов); миелоидный или диффузно-миелоидный (с преобладанием макрофагов, моноцитов, гранулоцитов); пауцииммунный (в основном состоящий из фибробластоподобных синовиоцитов (ФПС)). Для лимфоидного патотипа характерна высокая позитивность по ревматоидному фактору и антителам к циклическому цитруллинированному пептиду, выраженная активность РА и интенсивная боль, в т. ч. связанная с полинейропатией и дисфункциональными нарушениями; для миелоидного – менее выраженная активность и локальная ноцицептивная боль; для пауцииммунного – умеренно выраженная боль и периферическая гипералгезия на фоне умеренной/низкой активности болезни. Последний вариант может определять хроническую боль при серонегативном РА и на поздних стадиях заболевания, при которых отмечаются выраженные структурные изменения. В настоящее время нет однозначного представления о медикаментозных подходах для разных патотипов синовита при РА. Имеются ограниченные данные, свидетельствующие о целесообразности применения при лимфоидном патотипе ингибиторов CD20 (ритуксимаб) и ингибиторов интерлейкина (ИЛ) 6, при миелоидном – ингибиторов ИЛ-6 и фактора некроза опухоли α. В настоящее время идут активные разработки препаратов для воздействия на ФПС. Данные отдельных исследований свидетельствуют о более высокой эффективности при пауцииммунном патотипе ингибиторов ИЛ-6.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic pain is the main manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), determining the severity of suffering and functional impairment. Although pain in RA is primarily associated with autoimmune inflammation, it can persist against the background of low activity and even remission of the disease. This makes it necessary to search for the causes and peculiarities of the development of chronic pain in RA. It seems that the classification of pain types in RA can help in personalizing approaches to its medication control. In this regard, the evaluation of the relationship between pain and the cellular composition (pathotype) of synovitis in RA is of great interest. Three main pathotypes are known: lymphoid (with predominance of T and B lymphocytes, plasmocytes), myeloid or diffuse-myeloid (with predominance of macrophages, monocytes, granulocytes) and pauci-immune (mainly consisting of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS)). The lymphoid pathotype is characterised by high positivity for rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, severe RA activity and intense pain, including that associated with polyneuropathy and dysfunctional disorders; the myeloid pathotype is characterized by less severe activity and local nociceptive pain; the pauci-immune pathotype is characterized by moderately severe pain and peripheral hyperalgesia against a background of moderate/low disease activity. The last pathotype can determine chronic pain in seronegative RA and at late stages of the disease, in which marked structural changes are noted. Currently, there is no clear view on drug approaches for the different pathotypes of synovitis in RA. There is limited evidence for the use of CD20 inhibitors (rituximab) and interleukin (IL) 6 inhibitors in the lymphoid pathotype, and IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor α inhibitors in the myeloid pathotype. Currently, active development of drugs to target FLS is underway. The data of some studies indicate higher efficacy of IL-6 inhibitors in pauci-immune pathotype.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>хроническая боль</kwd><kwd>синовит</kwd><kwd>патотипы</kwd><kwd>фибробластоподобный синовиоцит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>chronic pain</kwd><kwd>synovitis</kwd><kwd>pathotypes</kwd><kwd>fibroblast-like synoviocyte</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Олюнин ЮА, Лила АМ. Ревматоидный артрит: проблемы ремиссии и резистентности к терапии. 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