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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2025-286-297</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3760</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка эффективности длительной терапии отечественным биоаналогом ритуксимаба (Ацеллбия) при болезни Шёгрена в условиях реальной клинической практики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of effectiveness of long-term therapy with Russian rituximab biosimilar in Sjogren’s disease in real clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-3578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чальцев</surname><given-names>Б. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chaltsev</surname><given-names>B. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чальцев Богдан Дмитриевич.</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bogdan D. Chaltsev.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway 34A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bodya92@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1425-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107140, Москва, ул. Нижняя Красносельская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Vasilyev.</p><p>107140, Moscow, Nizhnyaya Krasnoselskaya str., 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-2107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торгашина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torgashina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Torgashina.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-1466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хван</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khvan</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia I. Khvan.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6123-2679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Т. Фрунзе, 15/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina B. Rodionova.</p><p>119021, Moscow, T. Frunze str., 15/1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-7059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селифанова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selifanova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Selifanova.</p><p>119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, building 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4601-0904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107140, Москва, ул. Нижняя Красносельская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Safonova.</p><p>107140, Moscow, Nizhnyaya Krasnoselskaya str., 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Semenova.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурцева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burtseva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Burtseva.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глухова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glukhova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Glukhova.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Ревмоцентр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Revmotsentr LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Лечебный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Treatment Center LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>286</fpage><lpage>297</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чальцев Б.Д., Васильев В.И., Торгашина А.В., Хван Ю.И., Родионова Е.Б., Селифанова Е.И., Сафонова Т.Н., Семенова Л.А., Бурцева М.В., Глухова С.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чальцев Б.Д., Васильев В.И., Торгашина А.В., Хван Ю.И., Родионова Е.Б., Селифанова Е.И., Сафонова Т.Н., Семенова Л.А., Бурцева М.В., Глухова С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chaltsev B.D., Vasilyev V.I., Torgashina A.V., Khvan Y.I., Rodionova E.B., Selifanova E.I., Safonova T.N., Semenova L.A., Burtseva M.V., Glukhova S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3760">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3760</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценить эффективность длительной терапии отечественным биоаналогом ритуксимаба (РТМ) при болезни Шёгрена (БШ) в условиях реальной клинической практики.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включено 53 пациента с БШ, соответствующих критериям Американской коллегии ревматологов и Европейского альянса ревматологических ассоциаций 2016 г., а также российским критериям 2001 г., наблюдавшихся в ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой с 2017 по 2024 г. и получавших длительную терапию РТМ (российский биоаналог – Ацеллбия (АО «БИОКАД», п. Стрельна).</p><p>В динамике оценивались клинические и лабораторные признаки активности болезни, результаты стоматологических и офтальмологических тестов, а также частота возникновения новых системных проявлений и лимфом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медиана длительности терапии РТМ составила 27 [19; 55] мес., суммарной дозы препарата – 4 [3,5; 5,5] г. До назначения РТМ у 13 (25%) пациентов имелись рецидивирующие паротиты, которые на фоне терапии РТМ во всех случаях были купированы. Стойкое увеличение слюнных желез отмечалось у 10 (20,4%) пациентов, у 9 из них оно было купировано. Констатирован статистически значимый прирост количества слюны по данным стимулированной сиалометрии (с 1,5 [0,5; 3] до 2,4 [1,4; 3,5] мл; p=0,002); нарастание количества слюны выявлено у 51% пациентов, стабилизация – у 28,6%, уменьшение – у 20,4%. При оценке динамики состояния слюнных желез по данным ультразвукового исследования размеры гипоэхогенных аваскулярных образований значимо уменьшились (с 1,8 [1,3; 2,3] до 1,3 [1,1; 1,5] мм; p&lt;0,001). По индексу ультразвуковой активности стабилизация отмечена у 67,4%, улучшение – у 27,9%, ухудшение – у 4,7% пациентов. При изучении сиалографической динамики размеры полостей, заполненных контрастным препаратом, статистически значимо уменьшились (с 1,5 [1,5; 2,5] до 1,0 [0; 1,5] мм; p&lt;0,001). При оценке сиалографических стадий стабилизация отмечена у 67,5%, улучшение – у 32,5% пациентов, ухудшения не было ни в одном случае. При исследовании состояния слезных желез констатировано статистически значимое нарастание лакримации по данным стимулированного теста Ширмера (с 6 [3,75; 12] до 8 [5; 15] мм; p=0,005); прирост количества выделяемой слезы отмечен у 38% пациентов, стабилизация – у 40,6%, уменьшение – у 21,4%. Отмечалась тенденция к нарастанию времени разрыва слезной пленки, однако статистически не значимая (с 5 [3,75; 9,25] до 5,5 [4; 9] с; p=0,35). Эпителиопатия роговицы на фоне терапии была купирована у 44% и сохранялась у 56% пациентов; ухудшение состояния роговицы в ходе лечения отмечалось у единичных больных, при этом случаев образования язвы или прободения роговицы не зарегистрировано. На фоне терапии констатировано статитсически значимое снижение изначально повышенной скорости оседания эритроцитов, уровней гамма-глобулинов, IgG, IgA, IgM, ревматоидного фактора, нарастание концентрации С3-компонента комплемента, купирование моноклональной гаммапатии, в то время как динамика уровней С4-компонента комплемента и криоглобулинов была разнонаправленной. Медиана длительности деплеции В-лимфоцитов составила 5 [4; 6] мес., а поддерживать постоянную деплецию удавалось только у 59,6% пациентов. На фоне терапии индекс системной активности БШ (ESSDAI, EULAR (European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index) статистически значимо снизился (его медиана уменьшилась с 5 [2; 8] до 1 [0; 3]; p&lt;0,001), а минимальное клинически значимое улучшение по данному индексу достигнуто у 66,6% пациентов. В ходе наблюдения у 1 пациентки развилось новое поражение кожи (по типу волчанки обморожения), других новых системных проявлений зарегистрировано не было, как и случаев развития лимфомы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По данным ретроспективного исследования, проведенного в условиях реальной клинической практики, длительная терапия отечественным биоаналогом РТМ в большинстве случаев (60–80%) приводила к стабилизации или улучшению различных проявлений БШ. РТМ может применяться в лечении не только системных, но и железистых проявлений БШ. При этом, учитывая отсутствие оптимального ответа на терапию РТМ в ряде случаев БШ, требуется изучение эффективности препаратов, вызывающих более глубокую деплецию В-лимфоцитов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim – to evaluate the effectiveness of long-term therapy with Russian rituximab (RTX) biosimilar in Sjögren’s disease (SjD) in real-life clinical practice.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The retrospective study included 53 patients with SjD (Russian 2001 criteria and ACR/ EULAR (American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) 2016 criteria), observed at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology from 2017 to 2024 and receiving long-term RTX therapy (Russian biosimilar Acellbia®, BIOCAD). The signs of clinical and laboratory activity of the disease, stomatological and ophthalmological tests, as well as the incidence of new systemic manifestations and lymphomas were assessed dynamically.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median duration of RTX therapy was 27 [19; 55] months, and the median total dose was 4 [3.5; 5.5] g. Before the therapy, 13 (25%) patients had recurrent parotitis, which was relieved in all patients during the therapy. Persistent enlargement of the salivary glands was observed in 10 (20.4%) patients, in 9 of them it was relieved. A significant increase in stimulated saliva flow was found (from 1.5 [0.5; 3] to 2.4 [1.4; 3.5] ml; p=0.002), an increase in salivation was found in 51% of patients, stabilization in 28.6%, and deterioration in 20.4%. When assessing the ultrasound dynamics of the salivary glands, the size of hypoechoic avascular lesions significantly decreased (from 1.8 [1.3; 2.3] to 1.3 [1.1; 1.5] mm; p&lt;0.001), and according to the ultrasound activity index, stabilization was noted in 67.4% of patients, improvement in 27.9%, and deterioration in 4.7% of patients. When assessing the dynamics of sialography, the size of cavities significantly decreased (from 1.5 [1.5; 2.5] to 1.0 [0; 1.5] mm; p&lt;0.001), and according to the assessment of sialographic stages, stabilization was noted in 67.5% of patients, improvement in 32.5% of patients, and deterioration was not noted in any patient. When assessing the lacrimal glands function, a significant increase in lacrimation was found according to the stimulated Schirmer’s test (from 6 [3.75; 12] to 8 [5; 15] mm; p=0.005); an increase in lacrimation was noted in 38% of patients, stabilization in 40.6%, and a decrease in 21.4%. When assessing the tear break-up time, a tendency towards its increase was noted, but statistically insignificant (from 5 [3.75; 9.25] to 5.5 [4; 9] sec; p=0.35). Corneal epitheliopathy during the therapy was relieved in 44% and persisted in 56% of patients; worsening of corneal epitheliopathy during the treatment was observed in a few patients, while no cases of ulcer formation or perforation of the cornea were recorded. During the therapy, a significant decrease in the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, gamma globulins, IgG, IgA, IgM, rheumatoid factor, an increase in the C3 complement level, and the elimination of monoclonal gammopathy were observed, while the dynamics of the C4 complement level and cryoglobulinemia were multidirectional. The median duration of B lymphocyte depletion was 5 [4; 6] months, constant depletion could be maintained only in 59.6% of patients. During the therapy, the SjD systemic activity index (ESSDAI, EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index) significantly decreased (from 5 [2; 8] to 1 [0; 3] points; p&lt;0.001), and minimal clinically important improvement of this index was achieved in 66.6% of patients. During the observation, one patient developed a new skin lesion (lupus chilblain); no other new systemic manifestations or lymphomas were registered.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. According to our retrospective study conducted in real-life clinical practice, long-term therapy with Russian RTX biosimilar in most cases (60–80%) led to stabilization or improvement of SjD manifestations. RTX can be used to treat not only systemic but also glandular manifestations of the disease. Given the lack of an optimal response to RTX therapy in a number of SjD patients, it is necessary to study the effectiveness of drugs that lead to a deeper depletion of B lymphocytes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Шёгрена</kwd><kwd>ритуксимаб</kwd><kwd>MALT-лимфома</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sjogren’s disease</kwd><kwd>rituximab</kwd><kwd>MALT-lymphoma</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках фундаментальной темы № РК 125020501434-1.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tzioufas AG, Voulgarelis M. Update on Sjögren’s syndrome autoimmune epithelitis: From classification to increased neoplasias. 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