<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2025-386-392</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3786</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности нарушений метаболизма железа и вклад анемии в развитие утомляемости у пациентов c активным ревматоидным артритом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of iron metabolism disorders and the contribution of anemia to the development of fatigue in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-4276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галушко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galushko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галушко Елена Андреевна</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Galushko</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egalushko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2692-7942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семашко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semashko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Semashko</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-2836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоткин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotkin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy G. Zotkin</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а; 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksander M. Lila</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A; 125993, Moscow, Barrikadnaya str., 2/1, building 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>386</fpage><lpage>392</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галушко Е.А., Семашко А.С., Зоткин Е.Г., Лила А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галушко Е.А., Семашко А.С., Зоткин Е.Г., Лила А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galushko E.A., Semashko A.S., Zotkin E.G., Lila A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3786">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3786</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – анализ взаимосвязи нарушений метаболизма железа с величиной основных параметров, оцениваемых пациентами (PROs, patients reported outcomes) – утомляемости, боли, функциональных ограничений и качества жизни, а также влияния генеза анемии на эффективность терапии у пациентов с активным ревматоидным артритом (РА).</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 108 пациентов с РА (DAS28 (Disease Activity Score 28) – 5,0±1,2), последовательно поступивших на стационарное лечение в ФГБНУ НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой. Диагноз анемии ставили по критериям Всемирной организации здравоохранения. Характер нарушений метаболизма железа верифицировался по уровню сывороточного гепсидина. Анемия хронического воспаления (АХВ) диагностировалась при повышении уровня гепсидина выше референсных значений (&gt;120 пг/мл), железодефицитная анемия (ЖДА) – у пациентов с уровнем гепсидина ниже 40 пг/мл. Всем пациентам проводилась оценка утомляемости по опроснику FACIT-F (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue), функциональных нарушений по HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire) и качества жизни по EQ-5D (EuroQol-5 Dimensions).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота анемии у пациентов с активным РА составила 46%. У 27 из 46 пациентов с анемией была диагностирована АХВ, у 19 – ЖДА. При обоих типах нарушения метаболизма железа пациенты были сопоставимы по возрасту, длительности заболевания, числу припухших суставов, интенсивности боли, индексам HAQ и FACIT-F. Однако при АХВ число болезненных суставов, DAS28, скорость оседания эритроцитов и уровень C-реактивного белка были выше, чем при ЖДА. Пациенты с АХВ имели также худшие показатели качества жизни по EQ-5D. При ЖДА выявлена корреляция утомляемости с HAQ (r=–0,49; p=0,04) и с уровнем гемоглобина (r=0,49; p=0,04). При АХВ утомляемость коррелировала с EQ-5D (r=–0,61; p=0,02) и с HAQ (r=0,71; p=0,00). Только при АХВ утомляемость коррелировала с концентрацией интерлейкина 6 (r=0,6; p=0,01). У пациентов с активным РА и ЖДА почти в два раза чаще, чем при АХВ, определялась выраженная утомляемость (33% и 18% соответственно). Не было утомляемости при АХВ в 37%, при ЖДА – в 28% случаев. Среди пациентов с анемией, имеющих неэффективность двух и более генноинженерных биологических препаратов (ГИБП), частота ЖДА составила 75%.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Существенный вклад в выраженную утомляемость при активном РА вносит сопутствующая ЖДА, которая плохо диагностируется врачами из-за схожести ее клинических проявлений с симптоматикой АХВ. У пациентов с ЖДА в три раза чаще встречается неэффективность двух и более ГИБП/таргетных синтетических базисных противовоспалительных препаратов, чем при АХВ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study – to analyze the relationship between iron metabolism disorders and the assessment of the main patient-reported outcomes (PROs) – fatigue, pain, functional limitations and quality of life, as well as the influence of anemia genesis on the effectiveness of therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 108 patients with RA (DAS28 (Disease Activity Score 28) – 5.0±1.2) who were sequentially admitted for inpatient treatment at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology. The diagnosis of anemia was made according to World Health Organization criteria. The nature of iron metabolism disorders was verified by the level of serum hepcidin. Anemia of chronic inflammation (AI) was classified with an increase in hepcidin levels above reference values (&gt;120 pg/ml), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was diagnosed in patients with hepcidin levels below 40 pg/ml. All patients underwent PROs assessment using FACIT-F (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue) – fatigue level, HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire) – functional impairment level, EQ-5D (EuroQol-5 Dimensions – patient’s quality of life.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The incidence of anemia in patients with active RA was 46%. Among patients with anemia (n=47), isolated AI was diagnosed in 54% of cases (n=27). IDA was detected in 19 (37%) patients. In both types of iron metabolism disorders, the patients were comparable in age, duration of the disease, swollen joint count (SJC), patient’s pain level, HAQ and FACIT-F. Significant differences were obtained in terms of tender joint count (TJC; 6.0 [4.0; 9.0] and 9.0 [6.0; 14.0], DAS28 index (5.1±1.0 and 5.9±1.1), respectively. Fatigue correlated with HAQ (r=–0.49; p=0.04) and hemoglobin levels (r=0.49) in IDA (p=0,04). In AI, the fatigue level correlated with EQ-5D (r=–0.61; p=0.02) and with HAQ (r=0.71; p=0.00). Only in AI did fatigue correlate with IL-6 (gil-6=0.6; r=0.6; p=0.01). In patients with active RA and IDA, severe fatigue was almost twice as common as in AI (33% and 18%, respectively). There was no fatigue with AI in 37%, with IDA – in 28% of cases. Among patients with anemia who had a change of two classes of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs(bDMARDs)/targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs), the incidence of IDA was 75%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Concomitant IDA makes a significant contribution to severe fatigue in active RA, which is poorly diagnosed by doctors due to the similarity of clinical manifestations with AI. It is patients with IDA who are three times more likely to have the change of two classes of bDMARDs/tsDMARDs compared with AI.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гепсидин</kwd><kwd>анемия</kwd><kwd>труднолечимый пациент</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepcidin</kwd><kwd>anemia</kwd><kwd>difficult-to-treat patient</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Государственного задания по теме № 125020301268-4</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ. Современная концепция аутоиммунитета в ревматологии. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2023;61(4):397-420. doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2023-397-420</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov EL. Modern concept of autoimmunity in rheumatology. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2023;61(4):397-420 (In Russ.) doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2023-397-420</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagy G, Roodenrijs NMT, Welsing PMJ. EULAR points to consider for the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;1(81):20-33. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220973</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagy G, Roodenrijs NMT, Welsing PMJ. EULAR points to consider for the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;1(81):20-33. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220973</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Олюнин ЮА, Лила АМ. Ревматоидный артрит: проблемы ремиссии и резистентности к терапии. Научнопрактическая ревматология. 2018;56(3):263-271. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-263-271</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov EL, Olyunin YuA, Lila AM. Rheumatoid arthritis: The problems of remission and therapy resistance. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2018;56(3):363-271 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-263-271</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Busby AD, Wason J, Pratt AG, Young A, Isaacs JD, Nikiphorou E. The role of comorbidities alongside patient and disease characteristics in long-term disease activity in RA using UK inception cohort data. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(11):4297-4304. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac139</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Busby AD, Wason J, Pratt AG, Young A, Isaacs JD, Nikiphorou E. The role of comorbidities alongside patient and disease characteristics in long-term disease activity in RA using UK inception cohort data. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(11):4297-4304. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac139</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davies K, Dures E, Ng WF. Fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: Current knowledge and areas for future research. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;11(17):651-664. doi: 10.1038/s41584-021-00692-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davies K, Dures E, Ng WF. Fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: Current knowledge and areas for future research. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;11(17):651-664. doi: 10.1038/s41584-021-00692-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dures E, Farisoğulları B, Santos EJF, Molto A, Feldthusen C, Harris C, et al. 2023 EULAR recommendations for the management of fatigue in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2024;83(10):1260-1267. doi: 10.1136/ard-2023-224514</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dures E, Farisoğulları B, Santos EJF, Molto A, Feldthusen C, Harris C, et al. 2023 EULAR recommendations for the management of fatigue in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2024;83(10):1260-1267. doi: 10.1136/ard-2023-224514</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Overman CL, Kool MB, Da Silva JA, Geenen R. The prevalence of severe fatigue in rheumatic diseases: An international study. Clin Rheumatol. 2016;35(2):409-415. doi: 10.1007/s10067-015-3035-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Overman CL, Kool MB, Da Silva JA, Geenen R. The prevalence of severe fatigue in rheumatic diseases: An international study. Clin Rheumatol. 2016;35(2):409-415. doi: 10.1007/s10067-015-3035-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshida K, Lin TC, Wei MY, Malspeis S, Chu SH, Camargo CA Jr, et al. Roles of postdiagnosis accumulation of morbidities and lifestyle changes in excess total and cause-specific mortality risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021;73(2):188-198. doi: 10.1002/acr.24120</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshida K, Lin TC, Wei MY, Malspeis S, Chu SH, Camargo CA Jr, et al. Roles of postdiagnosis accumulation of morbidities and lifestyle changes in excess total and cause-specific mortality risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021;73(2):188-198. doi: 10.1002/acr.24120</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лисицына ТА, Вельтищев ДЮ, Серавина ОФ, Ковалевская ОБ, Зельтин АЕ, Новиков АА, и др. Провоспалительные цитокины и депрессия при ревматоидном артрите. Научнопрактическая ревматология. 2013;51(3):261-266. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2013-1498</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lisitsyna TA, Veltischev DU, Seravina OF, Kovalevskaya OB, Zeltin AE, Novikov AA, et al. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression in rheumatoid arthritis. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2013;51(3):261-266 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2013-1498</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cappellini MD, Comin-Colet J, de Francisco A, Dignass A, Doehner W, Lam CS, et al.; IRON CORE Group. Iron deficiency across chronic inflammatory conditions: International expert opinion on definition, diagnosis, and management. Am J Hematol. 2017;92(10):1068-1078. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24820</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cappellini MD, Comin-Colet J, de Francisco A, Dignass A, Doehner W, Lam CS, et al.; IRON CORE Group. Iron deficiency across chronic inflammatory conditions: International expert opinion on definition, diagnosis, and management. Am J Hematol. 2017;92(10):1068-1078. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24820</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tim Goodnough L, Comin-Colet J, Leal-Noval S, Ozawa S, Takere J, Henry D, et al. Management of anemia in patients with congestive heart failure. Am J Hematol. 2017;92(1):88-93. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24595</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tim Goodnough L, Comin-Colet J, Leal-Noval S, Ozawa S, Takere J, Henry D, et al. Management of anemia in patients with congestive heart failure. Am J Hematol. 2017;92(1):88-93. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24595</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазуров ВИ, Лила АМ. Особенности анемического синдрома у больных ревматоидным артритом и системной красной волчанкой. Медицинский академический журнал. 2001;1:58-65</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazurov VI, Lila AM. Features of anemic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Medical Academic Journal. 2001;1:58-65 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галушко ЕА, Беленький ДА. Современные аспекты диагностики и лечения анемии у больных ревматоидным артритом. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2012;5(50):98-105. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2012-1189</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galushko EA, Belenky DA. Modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment of anemia in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2012;5(50):98-105 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2012-1189</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weiss G, Ganz T, Goodnough LT. Anemia of inflammation. Blood. 2019;133(1):40-50. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-856500</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weiss G, Ganz T, Goodnough LT. Anemia of inflammation. Blood. 2019;133(1):40-50. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-856500</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petzer V, Theurl I, Weiss G. Established and emerging concepts to treat imbalances of iron homeostasis in inflammatory diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2018;11(4):135. doi: 10.3390/ph11040135</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petzer V, Theurl I, Weiss G. Established and emerging concepts to treat imbalances of iron homeostasis in inflammatory diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2018;11(4):135. doi: 10.3390/ph11040135</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corrado A, Di Bello V, d’Onofrio F, Maruotti N, Cantatore FP. Anti-TNF-α effects on anemia in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2017;30(3):302-307. doi: 10.1177/0394632017714695</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corrado A, Di Bello V, d’Onofrio F, Maruotti N, Cantatore FP. Anti-TNF-α effects on anemia in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2017;30(3):302-307. doi: 10.1177/0394632017714695</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семашко АС, Лила АМ, Галушко ЕА, Гордеев АВ, Зоткин ЕГ. Применение гепсидина в качестве маркера для диагностики характера анемии у больных с высокой активностью ревматоидного артрита. Современная ревматология. 2023;17(6):59-64. doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2023-6-59-64</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semashko AS, Lila AM, Galushko EA, Gordeev AV, Zotkin EG. The use of hepcidin as a marker for diagnosing the type of anemia in patients with high activity of rheumatoid arthritis. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2023;17(6):59-64 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2023-6-59-64</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Асеева ЕА, Соловьев СК, Никишина НЮ, Койлубаева ГМ, Лисицына ТА, Насонов ЕЛ. Проблема усталости у пациентов с системной красной волчанкой, по данным российской когорты РЕНЕССАНС. Современная ревматология. 2020;14(4):23-30. doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2020-4-23-30</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aseeva EA, Solovyev SK, Nikishina NY, Koilubaeva GM, Lisitsyna TA, Nasonov EL. The problem of fatigue in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus according to the data on a Russian RENAISSANCE cohort. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2020;14(4):23-30 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2020-4-23-30</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полищук ЕЮ, Каратеев АЕ, Потапова АС, Филатова ЕС, Хлабощина ВН, Амирджанова ВН, и др. Нужно оценить эффективность терапии? Спросите пациента! Научно-практическая ревматология. 2023;61(3):361-368. doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2023-361-368</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polishchuk EYu, Karateev AE, Potapova AS, Filatova ES, Khlaboshchina VN, Amirjanova VN, et al. Need to assess the effect of therapy? Ask the patient! Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2023;61(3):361-368 (In Russ.). doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2023-361-368</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Hoogmoed D, Fransen J, Bleijenberg G, van Riel P. Physical and psychosocial correlates of severe fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49(7):1294-1302. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq043</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Hoogmoed D, Fransen J, Bleijenberg G, van Riel P. Physical and psychosocial correlates of severe fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49(7):1294-1302. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq043</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Radner H. How to improve care for patients with RA and comorbidities. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020;16(11):607-608. doi: 10.1038/s41584-020-00504-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radner H. How to improve care for patients with RA and comorbidities. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020;16(11):607-608. doi: 10.1038/s41584-020-00504-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun Y, Liu J, Xin L, Wen J, Zhou Q, Chen X, et al. Factors influencing the Sharp score of 1057 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and anemia: A retrospective study. J Int Med Res. 2022;50(3): 3000605221088560. doi: 10.1177/03000605221088560</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun Y, Liu J, Xin L, Wen J, Zhou Q, Chen X, et al. Factors influencing the Sharp score of 1057 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and anemia: A retrospective study. J Int Med Res. 2022;50(3): 3000605221088560. doi: 10.1177/03000605221088560</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silva CFR, Duarte C, Ferreira RJO, Santos E, da Silva JAP. Depression, disability and sleep disturbance are the main explanatory factors of fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis: A path analysis model. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020;38(2):314-321. doi: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/hkhbad</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silva CFR, Duarte C, Ferreira RJO, Santos E, da Silva JAP. Depression, disability and sleep disturbance are the main explanatory factors of fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis: A path analysis model. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020;38(2):314-321. doi: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/hkhbad</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов ЕЛ, Лисицына ТА, Зонова ЕВ, Кузькина СМ. Влияние олокизумаба на исходы, оцениваемые пациентом с ревматоидным артритом: результаты двойного слепого рандомизированного плацебо-контролируемого многоцентрового исследования III фазы (CREDO 1). Научно-практическая ревматология. 2021;59(1):62-69. doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2021-62-69</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov EL, Lisitsyna TA, Zonova EV, Kuzkina SM. The effect of olokizumab on rheumatoid arthritis patient’s reported outcomes: Results of a double-blind randomized placebocontrolled multicenter phase III trial (CREDO 1). NauchnoPrakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2021;59(1):62-69 (In Russ.). doi: 10.47360/1995-4484-2021-62-69</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Radner H, Yoshida K, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick NA, Weinblatt M, et al. The impact of multimorbidity status on treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis patients initiating disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54(11): 2076-2084. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev239</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radner H, Yoshida K, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick NA, Weinblatt M, et al. The impact of multimorbidity status on treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis patients initiating disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54(11): 2076-2084. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev239</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
