<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2025-636-641</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3840</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кожный васкулит у пациентов с инфекционным эндокардитом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cutaneous vasculitis in patients with infective endocarditis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-7525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Ponomareva</p><p>410012, Saratov, Bolshaya Kazachya str., 112</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-1191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитина Наталья Михайловна</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Nikitina</p><p>410012, Saratov, Bolshaya Kazachya str., 112</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikina02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>636</fpage><lpage>641</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономарева Е.Ю., Никитина Н.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономарева Е.Ю., Никитина Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomareva E.Y., Nikitina N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3840">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3840</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – изучение частоты и выраженности кожного васкулита (КВ) у пациентов с инфекционным эндокардитом (ИЭ), анализ взаимосвязи кожного васкулита с поражением сердечных клапанов, внутренних органов, исходом заболевания.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Включено 359 пациентов с ИЭ, госпитализированных за период с 2001 по 2019 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. КВ различной выраженности выявлен у 69 пациентов, частота КВ у больных ИЭ составила 19,2%. Кожные высыпания отмечены преимущественно в виде симметрично расположенных петехиальных элементов в дистальных отделах нижних конечностей (n=53). В 15 случаях выявлен КВ распространенного характера, а первичные кожные элементы были полиморфными. У одного пациента диагностирована буллезно-некротическая форма КВ. В группе больных ИЭ с КВ статистически значимо чаще, чем при ИЭ без КВ, отмечались острое течение ИЭ, внутривенное употребление наркотиков, коинфекция вирусами гепатитов С и В, спленомегалия, поражение почек, глаз, системные эмболии и неврологические нарушения (р&lt;0,05). Пациенты с КВ отличались более молодым возрастом, выраженностью анемии (снижением уровня гемоглобина и числа эритроцитов), суточной протеинурии, повышением уровня сывороточных трансаминаз, циркулирующих иммунных комплексов, С-реактивного белка и скорости оседания эритроцитов (р&lt;0,05). Различий по локализации и количеству пораженных сердечных клапанов, выраженности сердечной недостаточности, нарушений ритма в исследуемых группах не выявлено (р&gt;0,05). 48 (69,5%) больных ИЭ с КВ выписаны со значительным улучшением/стабилизацией состояния по основному заболеванию и одновременным уменьшением кожных проявлений, вплоть до полного их исчезновения на фоне антибактериальной терапии. Риск летального исхода выше при наличии КВ (отношение шансов – 2,32; 95%-й доверительный интервал: 1,27–4,3; р&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Развитие КВ у пациентов с ИЭ, в особенности в дебюте заболевания, затрудняет своевременную диагностику, может служить основанием для дифференциальной диагностики и должно быть учтено при назначении терапии и определении тактики ведения пациентов с ИЭ. Кожные симптомы при ИЭ чаще разрешаются на фоне стандартного лечения антибиотиками. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work is to study the frequency and severity of cutaneous vasculitis (CV) in patients with infective endocarditis (IE), to analyze the relationship with damage to the heart valves, internal organs, and the outcome of the disease.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Analysis of 359 patients with definite IE hospitalized from 2001 to 2019.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. CV syndrome of varying severity was detected in 69 patients, the frequency of CV in patients with IE was 19.2%. Skin rashes were noted in patients mainly in the form of symmetrically located petechial elements in the distal parts of the lower extremities (53 patients). In 15 cases, CV of a widespread nature was detected, and the primary skin elements were polymorphic. One patient was diagnosed with a bullous-necrotic form of CV. In the group of patients with IE and CV compared to patients with IE without skin symptoms, acute IE, intravenous drug use, coinfection with hepatitis C and B viruses, splenomegaly, kidney and eye damage, systemic embolism and neurological disorders were significantly more common (p&lt;0.05). Patients with CV were distinguished by younger age, severity of anemia (decreased hemoglobin and red blood cell levels in 1 ml), daily proteinuria, increased serum transaminases, circulating immune complexes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (p&lt;0.05). No differences were found in the localization and number of affected heart valves, severity of heart failure, or rhythm disturbances in the study groups (p&gt;0.05). 48 (69.5%) patients with IE and cutaneous vasculitis were discharged with significant improvement/stabilization of the condition of the underlying disease and a simultaneous decrease in skin manifestations, up to their complete disappearance against the background of antibacterial therapy. The risk of death is higher in the presence of cutaneous vasculitis (odds ratio – 2.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.27–4.3; p&lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The presence of cutaneous vasculitis syndrome in patients with IE, especially at the onset of the disease, complicates timely diagnosis, can serve as a basis for differential diagnosis and should be taken into account when prescribing therapy and determining the tactics of managing patients with IE. With an established diagnosis of IE, skin symptoms often resolve against the background of standard antibiotic treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекционный эндокардит</kwd><kwd>кожный васкулит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infective endocarditis</kwd><kwd>сutaneous vasculitis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Демин АА, Кобалава ЖД, Скопин ИИ, Тюрин ВП, Бойцов СА, Голухова ЕЗ, и др. Инфекционный эндокардит и инфекция внутрисердечных устройств. Клинические рекомендации 2021. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2022;27(10):5233. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2022-5233</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demin AA, Kobalava ZhD, Skopin II, Tyurin PV, Boytsov SA, Golukhova EZ, et al. Infectious endocarditis and infection of intracardiac devices in adults. Clinical guidelines 2021. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2022;27(10):5233 (In Russ.). doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2022-5233</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delgado V, Ajmone Marsan N, de Waha S, Bonaros N, Brida M, Brida M, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(39):3948-4042. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad193</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delgado V, Ajmone Marsan N, de Waha S, Bonaros N, Brida M, Brida M, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(39):3948-4042. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad193</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов БС, Тарасова ГМ, Муравьева НВ. Курация больных инфекционным эндокардитом на современном этапе. Часть I. Клиническая картина, диагностика, дифференциальная диагностика. Современная ревматология. 2024;18(3):7-13. doi: 10.14412/19967012-2024-3-7-13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov BS, Tarasova GM, Muravyova NV. Management of patients with infective endocarditis: Current state-of-art. Part I: clinical picture, diagnosis, differential diagnosis. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2024;18(3):7-13 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/19967012-2024-3-7-13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарева ЕЮ, Ребров АП. Инфекционный эндокардит в практике ревматолога. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2012;6(50):29-32. doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2012-1289</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ponomareva EYu, Rebrov AP. Infective endocarditis in a rheumatologist’s practice. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2012;50(6):2932 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/1995-4484-2012-1289</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tous-Romero F, Delgado-Márquez AM, Gargallo-Moneva V, Zarco-Olivo C. Cutaneous vasculitis: A presentation with endocarditis to keep in mind. An Bras Dermatol. 2017;92(4):594-595. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20176317</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tous-Romero F, Delgado-Márquez AM, Gargallo-Moneva V, Zarco-Olivo C. Cutaneous vasculitis: A presentation with endocarditis to keep in mind. An Bras Dermatol. 2017;92(4):594-595. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20176317</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gadela NV, Drekolias D, Rizkallah A, Jacob J. Infective endocarditis: A rare trigger of immunoglobulin A vasculitis in an adult. Cureus. 2020;12(8):e9892. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9892</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gadela NV, Drekolias D, Rizkallah A, Jacob J. Infective endocarditis: A rare trigger of immunoglobulin A vasculitis in an adult. Cureus. 2020;12(8):e9892. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9892</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sangolli PM, Lakshmi DV. Vasculitis: A checklist to approach and treatment update for dermatologists. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2019;10(6):617-626. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_248_18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sangolli PM, Lakshmi DV. Vasculitis: A checklist to approach and treatment update for dermatologists. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2019;10(6):617-626. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_248_18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазуров ВИ (ред.). Клиническая ревматология: руководство для врачей; 3-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.:Е-ното;2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazurov VI (ed.). Clinical rheumatology: Manual for physicians; 3rd ed., revised and enlarged. Moscow:E-noto;2021 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parums DV. A review of IgA vasculitis (Henoch – Schönlein purpura): Past, present, and future. Med Sci Monit. 2024;30:e943912. doi: 10.12659/MSM.943912</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parums DV. A review of IgA vasculitis (Henoch – Schönlein purpura): Past, present, and future. Med Sci Monit. 2024;30:e943912. doi: 10.12659/MSM.943912</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loricera J, Blanco R, Hernández JL, Calvo-Río V, Ortiz-Sanjuán F, Mata C, et al. Cutaneous vasculitis associated with severe bacterial infections. A study of 27 patients from a series of 766 cutaneous vasculitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(2 Suppl 89):S36-S43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loricera J, Blanco R, Hernández JL, Calvo-Río V, Ortiz-Sanjuán F, Mata C, et al. Cutaneous vasculitis associated with severe bacterial infections. A study of 27 patients from a series of 766 cutaneous vasculitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(2 Suppl 89):S36-S43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhuiya T, Skavla B, Gandhi H, Makaryus JN, Steinberg B. A diagnosis of endocarditis in a patient with suspected vasculitis. CASE (Phila). 2023;7(9):346-348. doi: 10.1016/j.case.2023.05.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhuiya T, Skavla B, Gandhi H, Makaryus JN, Steinberg B. A diagnosis of endocarditis in a patient with suspected vasculitis. CASE (Phila). 2023;7(9):346-348. doi: 10.1016/j.case.2023.05.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang JX, Perkins S, Totonchy M, Stamey C, Levy LL, Imaeda S, et al. Endocarditis-associated IgA vasculitis: Two subtle presentations of endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis and Cardiobacterium hominis. JAAD Case Rep. 2020;6(3):243-246. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.01.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang JX, Perkins S, Totonchy M, Stamey C, Levy LL, Imaeda S, et al. Endocarditis-associated IgA vasculitis: Two subtle presentations of endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis and Cardiobacterium hominis. JAAD Case Rep. 2020;6(3):243-246. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.01.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park H, Lee M, Jeong JS. A case of vasculitis triggered by infective endocarditis in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A case report. BMC Nephrol. 2022;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12882021-02647-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park H, Lee M, Jeong JS. A case of vasculitis triggered by infective endocarditis in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A case report. BMC Nephrol. 2022;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12882021-02647-w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spindel J, Parikh I, Terry M, Cavallazzi R. Leucocytoclastic vasculitis due to acute bacterial endocarditis resolves with antibiotics. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(1):e239961. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239961</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spindel J, Parikh I, Terry M, Cavallazzi R. Leucocytoclastic vasculitis due to acute bacterial endocarditis resolves with antibiotics. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(1):e239961. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239961</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ai S, Ma G, Liu J, Bai X, Hu R, Fan X, et al. Infective endocarditis-associated purpura and glomerulonephritis mimicking IgA vasculitis: A diagnostic pitfall. Am J Med. 2021;134(12):1539-1545.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.033</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ai S, Ma G, Liu J, Bai X, Hu R, Fan X, et al. Infective endocarditis-associated purpura and glomerulonephritis mimicking IgA vasculitis: A diagnostic pitfall. Am J Med. 2021;134(12):1539-1545.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.033</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Josephson L, Cornea V, Stoner BJ, El-Dalati S. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis in two patients with infective endocarditis: A case series. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2022;9:20499361221113464. doi: 10.1177/20499361221113464</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Josephson L, Cornea V, Stoner BJ, El-Dalati S. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis in two patients with infective endocarditis: A case series. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2022;9:20499361221113464. doi: 10.1177/20499361221113464</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geirsson A, Schranz A, Jawitz O, Mori M, Feng L, Zwischenberger BA, et al. The evolving burden of drug use associated infective endocarditis in the United States. Ann Thorac Surg. 2020;110(4):1185-1192. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.03.089</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geirsson A, Schranz A, Jawitz O, Mori M, Feng L, Zwischenberger BA, et al. The evolving burden of drug use associated infective endocarditis in the United States. Ann Thorac Surg. 2020;110(4):1185-1192. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.03.089</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
