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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47360/1995-4484-2026-227-248</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-3941</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОГРЕСС В РЕВМАТОЛОГИИ В XXI ВЕКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROGRESS IN RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE XXI CENTURY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Катастрофический антифосфолипидный синдром: прототип аутоиммунного тромбовоспаления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: A prototype of autoimmune thromboinflammation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-8360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насоно</surname><given-names>Е Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Насонов Евгений Львович</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny Nasonov</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nasonov@irramn.tu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-2522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетняк</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnyak</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-9784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клименко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovitianova str., 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6906-0621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 34A</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>227</fpage><lpage>248</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Насоно Е.Л., Решетняк Т.М., Клименко А.А., Николаева Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Насоно Е.Л., Решетняк Т.М., Клименко А.А., Николаева Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nasonov E.L., Reshetnyak T.M., Klimenko A.A., Nikolaeva E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3941">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/3941</self-uri><abstract><p>Антифосфолипидный синдром (АФС) определяется как «аутоиммунное тромбовоспалительное заболевание, характеризующееся увеличением риска тромбозов с локализацией в венозных и артериальных сосудистых бассейнах, тромботическим повреждением микрососудов, плацентарной недостаточностью, цитопенией, поражением кожи, клапанов сердца, нефропатией, легочными геморрагиями и др.». Наряду с клиническими симптомами кардинальным признаком АФС являются антитела к фосфолипид-связывающим белкам и фосфолипидам, включая волчаночный антикоагулянт, антитела к кардиолипину и антитела к β2-гликопротеину I, подчеркивающие ведущий аутоиммунный механизм патогенеза этой патологии. АФС рассматривается как важная проблема современной медицины, находящаяся на стыке ревматологии и гематологии. Отличительной особенностью АФС является гетерогенность, которая проявляется как на клиническом (фенотипы, варианты течения), так и на патогенетическом уровне (молекулярные эндотипы). Особое внимание привлечено к потенциально летальной форме АФС, проявляющейся фулминантным развитием мультиорганного тромбоза, которая впервые описана Рональдом Ашерсоном (Ronald A. Asherson) в 1992 г. и названа «катастрофической» формой АФС (КАФС). В настоящее время активно обсуждаются подходы к персонифицированной терапии АФС с использованием искусственного интеллекта и на этой основе – реализации концепции «лечение до достижения цели» (treat-to- target), направленной на достижение ремиссии. Последнюю при АФС следует рассматривать как отсутствие рецидивов тромбозов. Реализация этой стратеги при иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях во многом стала возможной благодаря разработке и внедрению широкого спектра генно-инженерных биологических препаратов, представляющих собой моноклональные антитела или гибридные молекулы, селективно модулирующие ключевые механизмы иммунопатогенеза. Рассмотрены клиническое формы КАФС и патогенетические механизмы АФС и на этой основе – новые возможности лечения КАФС с использованием анти-В-клеточной терапии, CAR-T-клеточной терапии, ингибиторов комплемента и перспективы профилактики тромбозов, связанных с коморбидной кардиометаболической патологией.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined as “an autoimmune thromboinflammatory disease characterized by an increased risk of thrombosis localized in the venous and arterial vascular beds, thrombotic damage to microvessels, placental insufficiency, cytopenia, skin and heart valves lesions, nephropathy, pulmonary hemorrhages, etc.”. Long with clinical symptoms, the cardinal hallmark of APS is antibodies to phospholipids and phospholipid-binding proteins and including lupus anticoagulant, antibodies to cardiolipin, and antibodies to β2-glycoprotein I, highlighting the leading autoimmune mechanism of this pathogenesis. APS is considered an important problem in modern medicine, located at the intersection of rheumatology and hematology. A distinctive feature of APS is heterogeneity, which manifests itself both at the clinical (phenotypes, course variants) and pathogenetic levels (molecular endotypes). Particular attention is drawn to the potentially lethal form of APS, manifested by the fulminant development of multiorgan thrombosis, which was first identified by Ronald A. Asherson in 1992 as the “catastrophic” form of APS (CAPS). Currently, approaches to personalized therapy of APS using artificial intelligence and, on this basis, the implementation of the concept of “treat-to-target” aimed at achieving remission, which in APS should be considered as the absence of recurrent thrombosis, are being actively discussed. The implementation of this strategy in autoimmune rheumatic diseases has largely become possible thanks to the development and introduction of a wide range of biologics, which are monoclonal antibodies or hybrid molecules that selectively modulate key mechanisms of immunopathogenesis. The clinical forms of CAPS and the pathogenetic mechanisms of APS are considered, and on this basis, new possibilities for the treatment of CAPS using anti-B-cell therapy, complement inhibitors (eculizumab), prospects for the prevention of thrombosis associated with comorbid cardiometabolic pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антифосфолипидный синдром</kwd><kwd>катастрофический антифосфолипидный синдром</kwd><kwd>антитела к фосфолипидам</kwd><kwd>тромбовоспаление</kwd><kwd>иммунотромбоз</kwd><kwd>анти-В-клеточная терапия</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы комплемента</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antiphospholipid syndrome</kwd><kwd>catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome</kwd><kwd>antiphospholipid antibodies</kwd><kwd>thromboinflammation</kwd><kwd>immunothrombosis</kwd><kwd>anti-B-cell therapy</kwd><kwd>complement inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках фундаментальной научной темы ФГБНУ НИИР им. 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