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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-практическая ревматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rheumatology Science and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-4484</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-4492</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IMA-PRESS, LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/1995-4484-2001-467</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsp-605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПЕНТОКСИФИЛЛИНА ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ РЕВМАТОИДНОГО АРТРИТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PENTOXIFILLIN INTHETREATMENTOF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>I R</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>I R</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Loukina</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loukina</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сигидин</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sigidin</surname><given-names>Ya. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Speransky</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Speransky</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2001</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2001</year></pub-date><volume>39</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>№5 (2001)</issue-title><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kolosova I.R., Loukina G.V., Сигидин Я.А., Speransky A.I., 2001</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2001</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kolosova I.R., Loukina G.V., Сигидин Я.А., Speransky A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolosova I.R., Loukina G.V., Sigidin Y.A., Speransky A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/605">https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/605</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Оценка эффективности и переносимости пентоксифиллина (ПФ) в сравнении с метотрексатом (МТ) и комбинацией МТ + ПФ у больных ревматоидным артритом (РА), Материал и методы. Контролированное исследование эффективности и переносимости МТ, ПФ и и.х комбинации было проведено у 30 6ольу1ых активным РА. 12 больных получали ПФ в дозе 800-1200 мг/сутки, II- МТ по 7,5 - 10 мг/педелю, 7- МТ 7,5 мг/неделю +ПФ 800-1200 мг/ сутки. Оценка результатов проводилась через 1, 3 и 6 месяцев. Результаты. Среди больных, получавших МТ, произошло достоверное улучшение большинства исследуемых показателей (10 из 14). В группах, получавших ПФ и ПФ+МТ, достоверно не улучшился ни один из исследуемых параметров. Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о неэффективности пентоксифиллина при лечении больных РА. Комбинированное назначение МТ и ПФ не дает преимуществ перед монотерапией МТ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. Assessment of the efficacy and tolerability of Pentoxifilline (PF) as compared with Methotrexate [ MT&gt; and combination of MT+PF in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Material and methods. Controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of MT, PF and their combination was done in 30 patients with active RA. 12 patients had PF in dose of 800-1200 mg/day, 11 - MT by 7.5-10 mg/week, 7 - MT 7.5 mg/week + PF 800-1200 mg/day. Assessment of the results was done in I, 3 and 6 months. Results. Patients taking MT demonstrated reliable improvement of the studied indices (10 out of 14). In the groups having PF and PF+MT there were no reliable improvement in any of the parameters under study. Conclusion. The obtained results testify to inefficacy of PF during the treatment of RA patients. Combined indication of MT and PF has no advantages as compared with monotherapy by MT.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>пентоксифиллин</kwd><kwd>метотрексат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pentoxifillin</kwd><kwd>Methotrexate</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонова В.А., Бунчук Н.В.(ред.). Ревматические болезни. 1997.257-261.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Сигидин Я.А., Гусева Н.Г., Иванова М.М. Диффузные болезни соединительной ткани. 1994, 91.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Соколова Е.И. Клиническая иммунология. 1998, 34-40.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Белоусов Ю.Б., Моисеев B.C., Леиа.чин В.К. Клинич. фармакол. и фармакотер., 1993, 161.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Дроздов С.А. Место пентоксифшшша в лечении нарушения периферического кровообращения. Ангнол. сосуд, хирург., 1996, 3, 137-147.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Васильев B.C. Пронько Н.В. Использованиетрентала в комбинированной терапии вирусного гепатита. Клинич. медиц.,1990, 68, 68-70.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Машковский МД. Лекарственные средства. 1992. т. 1, 461.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Сигидин Я.А., Лукина Г.В. Новые направления в им- мунотропной терапии ревматоидного артрита. Лекция. Клиннч. ревматол.,1994, 4, 2-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Лукина Г.В., Сигидин Я.А., Скуркович С.В., Скурко- вич Б.С. Новые подходы к биологической иммуно- модулиругощен терапии ревматоидного артрита: нейтрализация основных цитокинов. Тер. архив., 1998, 5, 32-37.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Редайтене Э., Таумлявичене И. Влияние некоторых противоревматических препаратов на образование интерлейкина-1 и фактора некроза опухоли-альфа in vitro. Иммунол.,1997, 3, 28-30.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;АмвросьеваТ.В., Вотяков В.И., Андреева О.Т. ссоавт. Новые свойства трентала, как ингибитора вирусной активности широкого спектра. Вопр. вирусол., 1993, 38, 5, 230-233.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Фрейдлин И.С. Дефекты цитокиновой сети и принципы их коррекции. Иммунология. 1998, 6, 23-25.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонов Е.Л. Применение метотрексата в ревматологии: итоги и перспективы. Клиническая медицина. 1996, 5,10-15.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feldman М., Brennan F.M., Maini R.N. Rheumatoid arthritis. Cell. 1996, 85, 307-310.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kiely P., Gillespe K., Olieira D.Oxpentifylliue inhibits TNF-a mRNA production and protects against experimental arthritis. University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambrige CB2 2QQ United Kingdom (supl), 1995.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miossec P., v d Berg W Thl/Th2 cytokine balance in arthritis. Arth. Rheum., 1997. 40, 12, 2105-2115.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elliot M.J., Maini R.N., Feldmann М., Long-Fox A. Charles P., Katsiks P., Brennan F.M., Walker J., BijI H., Ghrayev J., Woody J.N. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with chimeric monoclonal antibodies to Tumor necrosis factor-a. Arth. Rheum., 1993, 36, 12, 1681-1690.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uif Muiier-Ladner, E. Gay Renate, Steffen Gay. Cellular pathways of joint destruction. Current Opin, Rheumatol., J997. 9,213-220.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joachim. R. Kalden, B. Manger. Biologic agents in treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Current Opin. Rheumatol., 1997. 9, 206-212.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wim B., v d Berg. Lessons for joint destruction from animal models. Current Opin. Rheumatol., 1997, 9, 221­228.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Panayi G.S. T-cell-dependent pathways in rheumatoid arthritis. Current Opin. Rheumatol., 1997, 9. 236-240.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paulus H E., Egger M.J., Ward J.R. Williams H.J. Anal- isis of inporient in individual rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with desease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, based on the finding in patients treated with placebo. Arthr. Rheum., 1990, 33, 477-484.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elliot M.J., Maini R.N., Feldman М., KaldenJ.R. Randomised duble-blind comparsion of chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor a (cA2) versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancc.t 1994, 344, 110510.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Huizinga T. W. J., Dijkman B.A.C., Velde E.A. et al. An open study of pentoxyfylline and thalidomide as adjuvant therapy in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum Dis,. 1996, 55, 833-836.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anaya J.-M., Gutierrez М., Silveril L.H. et al. Effect of pentoxyfylline (ptf) on TNF-a and 1L-10 production in stimulaed - mononuclear cell from RA, LSU Medical Center. New Orleans, LA 70112 (supl.).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Takatoshi Т., Takahiko W., Mulsumi O. et al. Methotrexate inhibits substance P-induced TNF-a production by supressing TNF-a promotor activity in human monocytes. Kanasai Medical University, Osaka 570-8507. Jpan (abs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maksymowych W.P., Avina-Zubieta A. Luong M.H. et al. An open study of pentoxyfylline in treatment of severe refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol., 1995, 4, 22, 625-629.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balazs C, Kiss H., Farid N.R. Inhibitory effect of pentoxifylline on HLA-DR expression and glycosaminogli- can syntesis by retrobulbar fibroblasts. Horm. Metab. Res., 1998,8, 30,496-499.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miller K., Louie A., Baltch A.L. et al. Pharmacokinetics of pentoxifylline and its metabolites in healthy mice and in mice infected with Candida albicans. Antimi- crob. Agents Chemother. 1998, 9, 42, 2405-9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Liefner М. Maruschak B,, Bruck W. J.Concentratin-de- pendent effect of pentoxifylline on migration and myelin phagocytosis by macrophages. Neuroimmunol., 199S.8,14,89 (1-2), 97-103.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Foster S.J., McCormick L.M., Ntolosi B.A., Campbell D. Production of TNF alpha by LPS-stimulated murine, rat and human blood and its pharmacological modulation. Agent Action, 1993, 38, 77-79.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shirin H., Bruck R., Aeed H. et al. Pentoxifylline prevents concanavalin A - induced hepatitis by reducing tumor necrosis factor alpha levels and inhibiting adhesion of T lymphocytes to extracellular matrix. Hepatol., 1998, 7,29,1,60-67.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dubost J.J., Soubrier М. Ristori J.M. et al. An open study of the anti-TNF-alpha pentoxyfylline in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rev. Rhurn. Engl., 1997,12, 64. 789-793.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Weber F., Polak Т., Gunther A. et al. Pentoxifylline’s Immunomodulatory effects on Interferon-b in R/R Multiple Sclerosis. Ann. Neurol., 1998 ,7, 44, 27-34.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kremer J.M. Methotrexate-1989-The Evolving story. J.Rheum., 1989,116.3,261-263.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Furst D.E., Koehnke R., Burmeister L.F. et al. Increasing methotrexate effect with increasing dose in treatment rheumatoid arthritis. J.Rheum. 1989, 116, 3, 313-320.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Morassul T.P., Goldstein R., Cyr M. et al. Gold sodium thiomalate compared to low dose methotrexate in treatment of RA - randomised, doubl blind 26-week trial. J. Rheum., 1989,116, 3, 302-306.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fehlauer C.S., CarsonC.W., Cannon G.W. et al. Methotrexate therapy in RA: 2-years retrospective followup Study. J. Rheum., 1989,116, 3, 307-312.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Suarez-Almazor M.E. Belseck E., Shea B. et al. Methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. The Cochrane Library, issue 3, 1999 (abs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usha P.R., Naudu M.U.R. Clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of pentoxifylline in blind, randomised, placebo controlled study. Abstracts 9th Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology Congress. 2000, 166. Pentoxifylline (Trental). AmFAR, 1997.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонова В.А., Бунчук Н.В.(ред.). Ревматические болезни. 1997.257-261.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Сигидин Я.А., Гусева Н.Г., Иванова М.М. Диффузные болезни соединительной ткани. 1994, 91.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Соколова Е.И. Клиническая иммунология. 1998, 34-40.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Белоусов Ю.Б., Моисеев B.C., Леиа.чин В.К. Клинич. фармакол. и фармакотер., 1993, 161.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Дроздов С.А. Место пентоксифшшша в лечении нарушения периферического кровообращения. Ангнол. сосуд, хирург., 1996, 3, 137-147.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Васильев B.C. Пронько Н.В. Использованиетрентала в комбинированной терапии вирусного гепатита. Клинич. медиц.,1990, 68, 68-70.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Машковский МД. Лекарственные средства. 1992. т. 1, 461.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Сигидин Я.А., Лукина Г.В. Новые направления в им- мунотропной терапии ревматоидного артрита. Лекция. Клиннч. ревматол.,1994, 4, 2-8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Лукина Г.В., Сигидин Я.А., Скуркович С.В., Скурко- вич Б.С. Новые подходы к биологической иммуно- модулиругощен терапии ревматоидного артрита: нейтрализация основных цитокинов. Тер. архив., 1998, 5, 32-37.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Редайтене Э., Таумлявичене И. Влияние некоторых противоревматических препаратов на образование интерлейкина-1 и фактора некроза опухоли-альфа in vitro. Иммунол.,1997, 3, 28-30.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;АмвросьеваТ.В., Вотяков В.И., Андреева О.Т. ссоавт. Новые свойства трентала, как ингибитора вирусной активности широкого спектра. Вопр. вирусол., 1993, 38, 5, 230-233.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Фрейдлин И.С. Дефекты цитокиновой сети и принципы их коррекции. Иммунология. 1998, 6, 23-25.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Насонов Е.Л. Применение метотрексата в ревматологии: итоги и перспективы. Клиническая медицина. 1996, 5,10-15.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feldman М., Brennan F.M., Maini R.N. Rheumatoid arthritis. Cell. 1996, 85, 307-310.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kiely P., Gillespe K., Olieira D.Oxpentifylliue inhibits TNF-a mRNA production and protects against experimental arthritis. University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambrige CB2 2QQ United Kingdom (supl), 1995.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miossec P., v d Berg W Thl/Th2 cytokine balance in arthritis. Arth. Rheum., 1997. 40, 12, 2105-2115.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elliot M.J., Maini R.N., Feldmann М., Long-Fox A. Charles P., Katsiks P., Brennan F.M., Walker J., BijI H., Ghrayev J., Woody J.N. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with chimeric monoclonal antibodies to Tumor necrosis factor-a. Arth. Rheum., 1993, 36, 12, 1681-1690.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uif Muiier-Ladner, E. Gay Renate, Steffen Gay. Cellular pathways of joint destruction. Current Opin, Rheumatol., J997. 9,213-220.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joachim. R. Kalden, B. Manger. Biologic agents in treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Current Opin. Rheumatol., 1997. 9, 206-212.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wim B., v d Berg. Lessons for joint destruction from animal models. Current Opin. Rheumatol., 1997, 9, 221­228.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Panayi G.S. T-cell-dependent pathways in rheumatoid arthritis. Current Opin. Rheumatol., 1997, 9. 236-240.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paulus H E., Egger M.J., Ward J.R. Williams H.J. Anal- isis of inporient in individual rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with desease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, based on the finding in patients treated with placebo. Arthr. Rheum., 1990, 33, 477-484.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elliot M.J., Maini R.N., Feldman М., KaldenJ.R. Randomised duble-blind comparsion of chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor a (cA2) versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancc.t 1994, 344, 110510.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Huizinga T. W. J., Dijkman B.A.C., Velde E.A. et al. An open study of pentoxyfylline and thalidomide as adjuvant therapy in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum Dis,. 1996, 55, 833-836.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anaya J.-M., Gutierrez М., Silveril L.H. et al. Effect of pentoxyfylline (ptf) on TNF-a and 1L-10 production in stimulaed - mononuclear cell from RA, LSU Medical Center. New Orleans, LA 70112 (supl.).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Takatoshi Т., Takahiko W., Mulsumi O. et al. Methotrexate inhibits substance P-induced TNF-a production by supressing TNF-a promotor activity in human monocytes. Kanasai Medical University, Osaka 570-8507. Jpan (abs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maksymowych W.P., Avina-Zubieta A. Luong M.H. et al. An open study of pentoxyfylline in treatment of severe refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol., 1995, 4, 22, 625-629.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balazs C, Kiss H., Farid N.R. Inhibitory effect of pentoxifylline on HLA-DR expression and glycosaminogli- can syntesis by retrobulbar fibroblasts. Horm. Metab. Res., 1998,8, 30,496-499.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miller K., Louie A., Baltch A.L. et al. Pharmacokinetics of pentoxifylline and its metabolites in healthy mice and in mice infected with Candida albicans. Antimi- crob. Agents Chemother. 1998, 9, 42, 2405-9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Liefner М. Maruschak B,, Bruck W. J.Concentratin-de- pendent effect of pentoxifylline on migration and myelin phagocytosis by macrophages. Neuroimmunol., 199S.8,14,89 (1-2), 97-103.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Foster S.J., McCormick L.M., Ntolosi B.A., Campbell D. Production of TNF alpha by LPS-stimulated murine, rat and human blood and its pharmacological modulation. Agent Action, 1993, 38, 77-79.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shirin H., Bruck R., Aeed H. et al. Pentoxifylline prevents concanavalin A - induced hepatitis by reducing tumor necrosis factor alpha levels and inhibiting adhesion of T lymphocytes to extracellular matrix. Hepatol., 1998, 7,29,1,60-67.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dubost J.J., Soubrier М. Ristori J.M. et al. An open study of the anti-TNF-alpha pentoxyfylline in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rev. Rhurn. Engl., 1997,12, 64. 789-793.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Weber F., Polak Т., Gunther A. et al. Pentoxifylline’s Immunomodulatory effects on Interferon-b in R/R Multiple Sclerosis. Ann. Neurol., 1998 ,7, 44, 27-34.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kremer J.M. Methotrexate-1989-The Evolving story. J.Rheum., 1989,116.3,261-263.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Furst D.E., Koehnke R., Burmeister L.F. et al. Increasing methotrexate effect with increasing dose in treatment rheumatoid arthritis. J.Rheum. 1989, 116, 3, 313-320.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Morassul T.P., Goldstein R., Cyr M. et al. Gold sodium thiomalate compared to low dose methotrexate in treatment of RA - randomised, doubl blind 26-week trial. J. Rheum., 1989,116, 3, 302-306.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fehlauer C.S., CarsonC.W., Cannon G.W. et al. Methotrexate therapy in RA: 2-years retrospective followup Study. J. Rheum., 1989,116, 3, 307-312.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Suarez-Almazor M.E. Belseck E., Shea B. et al. Methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. The Cochrane Library, issue 3, 1999 (abs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usha P.R., Naudu M.U.R. Clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of pentoxifylline in blind, randomised, placebo controlled study. Abstracts 9th Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology Congress. 2000, 166. Pentoxifylline (Trental). AmFAR, 1997.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
