CHARACTERISTICS OF RHEUMATIC PATHOLOGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN AS DEFINED IN HOSPITAL

The lack of reliable data on rheumatic diseases (RD) incidence in the Republic of Tajikistan, discrepancy in statistical figures and growing rate of registered advanced cases became an impetus to analyzing hospital incidence of rheumatic diseases within the largest republican medical institution.
Objective: to present the pattern, incidence and clinical picture of RD in patients who was undergoing hospital treatment in the Department of Rheumatology of National Medical Healthcare Center (NMHC) of the Republic of Tajikistan (Dushanbe).

Subjects and methods. The present article provides data of retrospective analysis of medical records of 4716 patients hospitalized to the Department of Rheumatology of NMHC during 2005–2010. All patients were divided into two groups on a provisional basis: patients with inflammatory RD (n=2872) and those with non-inflammatory or metabolic RD (n=1844).

Results. Authors established that leading cases among inflammatory rheumatic diseases are rheumatoid (n=1481) and reactive (n=598) arthritis, whereas among non-inflammatory and metabolic RD – osteoarthritis (n=1243) and gout (n=157). Continuing growth of newly registered RD can be proven by the fact that over 5 years the number of callings increased from 729 to 1032 per year. At this, women were diagnosed with RD more often than men (66 and 34% of cases respectively). Mean age of RD patients was 41.05±11.79 years, what shows that the part of the country population which is characterized by the highest work productivity is affected. Patients with RD also had comorbid cardiovascular pathology, metabolic syndrome and gastropathies.

Conclusion. Rheumatoid and reactive arthritis are the most frequent RD of inflammatory origin, whereas osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent reasons of hospitalization. RD affects the most productive part of population. Besides, RD is gender-selective as in all considered age groups women were most affected. The most frequent comorbid diseases in patients with RD are cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and gastropathies.

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