Роль лабораторных биомаркеров в прогнозировании эффективности терапии ритуксимабом при ревматоидном артрите (новые данные)

Ревматоидный артрит (РА) является наиболее частым и тяжелым хроническим воспалительным заболеванием суставов, приводящим к ранней инвалидизации и сокращению продолжительности жизни пациентов. В ряде работ продемонстрировано, что краткосрочный и долгосрочный прогноз заболевания гораздо более благоприятен при достижении ремиссии на ранних стадиях болезни, однако эффективность того или иного лекарственного препарата широко варьирует у разных пациентов, что связано с гетерогенностью самого заболевания и рядом других причин. В связи с этим по-прежнему актуальной остается проблема поиска биомаркеров, позволяющих осуществлять персонифицированный выбор схемы лечения в каждом конкретном случае.

Одним из эффективных и безопасных препаратов, применяемых в терапии РА, является ритуксимаб (РТМ), представляющий собой химерные моноклональные антитела к мембранному CD20 антигену В-клеток, вызывающие деплецию различных субпопуляций В-лимфоцитов. По сравнению с другими генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами, РТМ отличается длительной эффективностью одного курса терапии, сохраняющейся в течение 6 мес и более. В настоящее время в литературе представлено большое количество данных, посвященных роли клеточных и молекулярных биомаркеров в прогнозировании эффективности терапии РТМ при РА, часть из которых рассмотрены в данном обзоре. 

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