Возможности магнитно-резонансной томографии в диагностике идиопатических воспалительных миопатий

Идиопатические воспалительные миопатии (ИВМ) – группа хронических аутоиммунных заболеваний, характеризующихся наличием проксимальной мышечной слабости и большим спектром внемышечных проявлений. Представителями ИВМ являются дерматомиозит; полимиозит; антисинтетазный синдром; иммунозависимая некротизирующая миопатия; спорадический миозит с включениями; миозит, ассоциированный с другими ревматическими заболеваниями; миозит, ассоциированный с паранеопластическим процессом. Учитывая низкую частоту, гетерогенность клинических проявлений, трудности в определении и трактовке миозит-специфических и миозит-ассоциированных аутоантител, продолжается поиск объективных методов визуализации поражения мышц как для верификации диагноза и определения фенотипа данного заболевания, так и для динамического наблюдения. Одним из наиболее перспективных методов является магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) мышц. В обзоре освещены возможности МРТ для оценки мышечных повреждений, в частности, наиболее характерные МРТ-признаки ИВМ и их особенности при разных фенотипах заболевания; представлены клинические примеры.

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