Молекулярные механизмы ингибирования активности расщепления коллагена деферриоксамином в хряще больных остеоартритом

Цель – изучить молекулярные механизмы, обусловливающие подавление коллагеназной активности в присутствии деферриоксамина (ДФО) в эксплантатах суставного хряща больных остеоартритом (ОА).

Материал и методы. Исследовали хрящ коленных суставов 33 больных ОА (средний возраст 61,6±10,3 года), полученный при эндопротезировании, и хрящ 25 человек, не страдавших ОА (средний возраст 40±6,1 года), полученный при аутопсии. Хрящ культивировали в присутствии 10 мкМ ДФО. Экспрессию генов в эксплантатах хряща определяли посредством обратно-транскриптазной и полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме
реального времени.

Результаты и обсуждение. Снижение коллагеназной активности в присутствии ДФО в эксплантатах суставного хряща больных ОА, которое было нами показано ранее, сопровождалось значительным ингибированием экспрессии матриксных металлопротеиназ 13 и 1, а также катепсина К, обладающих коллагеназной активностью, а также маркера гипертрофии хондроцитов коллагена Х типа и провоспалительных цитокинов интерлейкина 1β и фактора некроза опухоли α. ДФО не изменял уровни экспрессии генов фосфоглицераткиназы и пируваткиназы, отвечающих за продукцию аденозинтрифосфата (АТФ) в гликолизе, а также транспортера глюкозы Glut 1. Напротив, экспрессия генов, связанных с генерацией АТФ в цикле трикарбоновых кислот: изоцитратдегидрогеназы, сукцинатдегидрогеназы, α-кетоглутаратдегидрогеназы и малатдегидрогеназы, а также аденозинмонофосфат-активируемой протеинкиназы (АМПК), значительно повышалась. Экспрессия АМПК в суставном хряще больных ОА была значительно ниже, чем у здоровых лиц.

Заключение. Ингибирование расщепления коллагена в присутствии ДФО в эксплантатах суставного хряща больных ОА, которое сопровождалось значительным снижением экспрессии протеаз, ответственных за деструкцию внеклеточного матрикса, провоспалительных цитокинов и гипертрофии хондроцитов, обусловлено повышением активности митохондриального окислительного фосфорилирования в хондроцитах.

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