Chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP) is a serious health and social problem and one of the major causes of disability and significantly lower quality of life of persons in the present-day population. The development of effective methods for treating CNSLBP requires the joint efforts of the representatives of various medical specialties: therapists, rheumatologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and rehabilitation therapists. Osteoarthritis of the facet and sacroiliac joints should be considered as one of the common causes of CNSLBP. The autors consider the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, diagnostic problems of this pathology, as well as various approaches to its treatment. Based on their own experience and analysis of the data available in the literature, the authors defined a number of provisions that can later be used to formulate recommendations for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with CNSLBP.